Which refers to the lasting emotional tie between two people who each strive to maintain closeness to the other?

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Terms in this set (20)

Which of the following characteristics is part of the behavioral style of a slow-to-warm-up child?

a. Accepts frustration with little fuss
b. Usually positive mood
c. Moderately regular in sleep and feeding schedules
d. Cries often

not a.

What is Erikson's second psychosocial stage of development?

a. Trust vs. mistrust
b. None of the above
c. Initiative vs. guilt
d. Intimacy vs. isolation

b. None of the above

Which of the following is not a basic emotion tied to a reflexive physiological response to stimulation?

a. Distress
b. Interest
c. Contentment
d. Surprise

not b.

The majority of babies are described as having an easy temperament.

True or false?

True

A lasting emotional tie between two people who each strive to maintain closeness to the other and act to ensure that the relationship continues is called:

a. attachment.
b. social referencing.
c. security.
d. goodness of fit.

a. attachment.

Which of the following is not a factor if an infant shows stranger wariness?

a. The infant's past experience.
b. The infant's overall temperament.
c. The situation in which the infant meets a stranger.
d. The infant's ability to regulate emotion.

d. The infant's ability to regulate emotion.

Robert is an infant who is described as having a difficult temperament. His father is insensitive, coercive, and also difficult in temperament. What can we predict Robert's developmental outcome will be?

a. Robert will be more likely to get ill as he gets older because difficult temperaments wear down a person's immune system.
b. Robert will become less extreme in his behavioral tendencies because babies with difficult temperaments become less extreme with age.
c. Robert will most likely have behavioral problems and adjustment difficulties that worsen with age, even into early adolescence.
d. Babies with difficult temperaments tend to be unpredictable, so we cannot accurately predict what Robert will be like as he ages.

not d.

The theorist who developed attachment theory is:

a. Bowlby.
b. Vygotsky.
c. Ainsworth.
d. Erikson.

a. Bowlby.

Which theoretical perspective emphasized that feeding was a critical context for infants and caregivers to interact and for infants to have their needs met and thereby develop a sense of trust?

a. Behaviorist
b. Psychoanalytic
c. Cognitive-developmental
d. Ethological

b. Psychoanalytic

Toddlers who have parents that are too overprotective will not develop self-reliance.

True or false?

True

In which phase of Bowlby's ethological perspective on attachment do babies begin to show a preference for familiar people and make discriminations among adults?

a. Indiscriminate social responsiveness
b. Attachments
c. Reciprocal relationships
d. Discriminating sociability

d. Discriminating sociability

According to Erikson, what happens if parents are neglectful with their infants?

a. They will develop a feeling of shame and doubt.
b. They will develop feelings of guilt.
c. They will develop a sense of mistrust.
d. They will have difficulty controlling their behavior.

c. They will develop a sense of mistrust.

Toddlers are more likely to comply with their caregiver's directives than they are to say "no."

True or false?

True

Thomas and Chess used the term "rhythmicity" to describe whether an infant is predictable in their patterns of eating, sleeping, and defecating.

True or false?

True

Justin is an infant that is able to use distraction and seeking help when he is frustrated. What can we predict about his mother's parenting strategies?

a. His mother provides more guidance in helping him regulate his emotions.
b. His mother tends to respond insensitively to his emotional displays.
c. His mother tends to distract him when he starts to cry.
d. His mother avoids showing emotion around him.

a. His mother provides more guidance in helping him regulate his emotions.

In order for a toddler to be able to experience self-conscious emotions, they must be able to do all of the following except:

a. The toddler must be able to observe himself and others.
b. The toddler must be aware of standards and rules.
c. The toddler must be able to compare his behavior with the standard.
d. The toddler must be able to compare his behavior with the standard.

d. The toddler must be able to compare his behavior with the standard.

Stranger wariness is a universal behavior in infants and is thought to be based on evolution.

True or false?

False

Why is crying an effective signal to ensure that the caregiver cares for the baby?

a. Because it conveys negative emotion that adults can judge reliably.
b. Because it triggers an innate signal in the parent.
c. Because it is the only signal that babies have to call to the parent.
d. Because it is annoying to most adults and they want the baby to stop.

a. Because it conveys negative emotion that adults can judge reliably.

Which type of baby is most likely to receive mixed reactions from others?

a. A tenacious baby
b. A slow-to-warm-up baby
c. An easy baby
d. A difficult baby

d. A difficult baby

Which of the following characteristics is part of the behavioral style of a difficult child?

a. Responds poorly to novelty in food, situations, routines, and strangers
b. Unpleasant moods are mild
c. Regular in sleep and feeding schedules
d. Slow to accept frustrations

a. Responds poorly to novelty in food, situations, routines, and strangers

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Verified questions

PSYCHOLOGY

Choose the letter of the correct term or concept below to complete the sentence. a. variance b. sample c. longitudinal study d. control group e. single-blind experiment f. double-blind experiment g. placebo effect h. statistics i. normal j. frequency distribution. In an experiment, the __________ includes the participants who are not exposed to experimental variables.

Verified answer

QUESTION

In an effort to help a child overcome a fear of dogs, a therapist pairs a trigger stimulus (something associated with dogs) with a new stimulus that causes a response that is incompatible with fear (for example, an appealing snack or toy). Which clinical orientation is this therapist using? a. Psychodynamic. b. Behavioral. c. Biomedical. d. Client-centered. e. Humanistic.

Verified answer

QUESTION

After looking at a yellow, black, and green American flag for a minute, you shift your gaze to a white wall. Which of the following best explains why you "see" a red, white, and blue flag when looking at the white wall? a. Frequency theory. b. Young-Helmholtz theory. c. Opponent-process theory. d. Ganglion-bipolar theory. e. Weber's law.

Verified answer

QUESTION

Regarding therapist-guided "recovered" memories of sexual abuse in infancy, which statement best represents an appropriate conclusion about this issue? a. Therapists who use hypnosis are likely to help their patients retrieve repressed memories. b. Statistics indicate that childhood sexual abuse rarely occurs; therefore, recovered memories of such abuse must be false. c. Memories are only rarely recovered ; once you are unable to retrieve a memory you will probably never be able to retrieve it. d. One indicator of whether a recovered memory is true is the patient's emotional response ; only true recovered memories are emotionally upsetting. e. Since the brain is not sufficiently mature to store accurate memories of events before the age of 4, memories from the first 4 years of life are not reliable.

Verified answer

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What is the term for the match between a child's temperament and the parents temperament and child rearing methods?

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What is the name of the structured observational procedure that reveals the security of attachment when the child is placed under stress?

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At what age can infants discriminate happy faces from fearful ones group of answer choices?

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Which of the following is the first and most reliable emotion that a newborn shows?

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