Scatter plots are the graphs that present the relationship between two variables in a data-set. It represents data points on a two-dimensional plane or on a Cartesian system. The independent variable or attribute is plotted on the X-axis, while the dependent variable is plotted on the Y-axis. These plots are often called scatter graphs or scatter diagrams. Show
A scatter plot is also called a scatter chart, scattergram, or scatter plot, XY graph. The scatter diagram graphs numerical data pairs, with one variable on each axis, show their relationship. Now the question comes for everyone: when to use a scatter plot? Scatter plots are used in either of the following situations.
Scatter Plot Uses and ExamplesScatter plots instantly report a large volume of data. It is beneficial in the following situations –
The line drawn in a scatter plot, which is near to almost all the points in the plot is known as “line of best fit” or “trend line“. See the graph below for an example. Scatter plot CorrelationWe know that the correlation is a statistical measure of the relationship between the two variables’ relative movements. If the variables are correlated, the points will fall along a line or curve. The better the correlation, the closer the points will touch the line. This cause examination tool is considered as one of the seven essential quality tools. Types of correlationThe scatter plot explains the correlation between two attributes or variables. It represents how closely the two variables are connected. There can be three such situations to see the relation between the two variables –
Positive CorrelationWhen the points in the graph are rising, moving from left to right, then the scatter plot shows a positive correlation. It means the values of one variable are increasing with respect to another. Now positive correlation can further be classified into three categories:
Negative CorrelationWhen the points in the scatter graph fall while moving left to right, then it is called a negative correlation. It means the values of one variable are decreasing with respect to another. These are also of three types:
No CorrelationWhen the points are scattered all over the graph and it is difficult to conclude whether the values are increasing or decreasing, then there is no correlation between the variables. Scatter plot ExampleLet us understand how to construct a scatter plot with the help of the below example. Question: Draw a scatter plot for the given data that shows the number of games played and scores obtained in each instance.
Solution: X-axis or horizontal axis: Number of games Y-axis or vertical axis: Scores Now, the scatter graph will be: Note: We can also combine scatter plots in multiple plots per sheet to read and understand the higher-level formation in data sets containing multivariable, notably more than two variables. Scatter plot MatrixFor data variables such as x1, x2, x3, and xn, the scatter plot matrix presents all the pairwise scatter plots of the variables on a single illustration with various scatterplots in a matrix format. For the n number of variables, the scatterplot matrix will contain n rows and n columns. A plot of variables xi vs xj will be located at the ith row and jth column intersection. We can say that each row and column is one dimension, whereas each cell plots a scatter plot of two dimensions. What is the correlation of the variables if the points on the scatter plot fall almost in line?If we draw a straight line through the points in a scatter plot and most of the points fall close to the line, then we say that there is a strong linear relationship between the two variables, which can be either positive or negative, depending on the direction of the line.
When all points in a scatter plot fall on the regression line what is the value of the correlation coefficient describe what this means?So definitely when all the points falls on the regulation line, the correlation coefficient should be our should be equals two one, so the correlation coefficient will be equals to one.
What is the line that goes through a scatter plot called?Line of best fit refers to a line through a scatter plot of data points that best expresses the relationship between those points.
How can you tell if a scatter plot is positive or negative?We often see patterns or relationships in scatterplots. When the y variable tends to increase as the x variable increases, we say there is a positive correlation between the variables. When the y variable tends to decrease as the x variable increases, we say there is a negative correlation between the variables.
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