1. Studying whether infants can distinguish one stimulus from another by measuring the length of time they attend to different stimuli a. Robert Frantz made an important discovery that infants look at different things for different lengths of time. Frantz placed infants in a "looking chamber", which had two visual displays on the ceiling above the infant's head. The infant's eyes were viewed by looking through a peephole. If the infant was fixating on one of the displays, the experimenter could see the display's reflection in the infant's eyes. This arrangement allowed the experimenter to determine how long the infant looked at each display. b. He found that infants only two days old look longer at patterned stimuli, such as faces and concentric circles, rather than at red, white, or yellow discs. Infants 2-3 weeks old preferred to look at patterns—a face, a piece of printed matter, or a bull's eye—longer than at red, yellow, or white discs ii. Cattell and Horn's View (1970's) iii. Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences iv. Sternberg's Triarchic Theory i. Kholberg's Moral reasoning theory: 1. Preconventional Level: 2. Conventional Level 3. Postconventional Level |