Workplaces in high power distance cultures will most likely be characterized by

International Management, 7e (Deresky) Chapter 3: Understanding the Role of Culture

1. International firms like Starbucks and McDonald's most likely modify their business practices in Saudi Arabia because of ________. A) prevalent religious customs and beliefs B) poor international business relationships C) low demand for American products D) tight restrictions on foreign trade Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 91 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity

2. Women in Saudi Arabia are permitted to work alongside men as ________. A) lawyers B) architects C) engineers D) doctors Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 91 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity

3. All of the following statements about women in Saudi Arabia are true EXCEPT that they are ________. A) allowed to earn a college degree B) restricted from owning businesses C) allowed to buy designer clothing D) restricted from driving cars Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 91- Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity

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1. What is the primary reason that high-end department stores operate in Saudi Arabia given the country's dress restrictions? A) Dress restrictions only apply to certain regions of Saudi Arabia. B) Women wear designer clothes for public functions when abayas are not required. C) Wealthy men and women in Saudi Arabia are interested in the latest fashion trends. D) Saudi Arabia draws travelers from Europe who want the latest designer clothes at low prices. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 92 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. What is the most likely reason that over half of the Saudi workforce consists of foreigners? A) high wage rates and low taxes for expatriates at Saudi-based MNEs B) negative attitudes among Saudi Arabians regarding hard work C) Saudi Arabia's tight restrictions on male and female workers D) lack of Saudi government support for university training Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 92 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

3. Which of the following terms refers to having a working knowledge of the cultural variables affecting management decisions? A) multicultural sensitivity B) cultural accommodation C) multicultural transfer D) cultural intelligence Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 93 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

4. ________ is an awareness and an honest caring about another individual's culture. A) Cultural accommodation B) Cultural empathy C) Cultural sympathy D) Cultural savvy Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 93 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. Which of the following is NOT categorized as a sociocultural variable? A) religion B) economics C) education D) language Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 94 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. Which of the following terms refers to the expectations, norms, and holds held in common by employees of a specific company or institution? A) cultural variable B) societal culture C) organizational culture D) organizational system Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 95 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

3. The culture of ________ in the Netherlands was incorporated into business policy when KLM Royal Dutch Airlines revised its travel-benefits policy for families of employees. A) financial performance B) cost control C) human relations development D) social responsiveness Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 95 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

4. The policy changes made by Royal Dutch Airlines serve as an illustration of ________. A) individual leadership making significant improvements B) ineffective cultural training leading to corporate losses C) labor unions pressing corporations for cultural changes D) organizational culture responding to national cultural values Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 95 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. Convergence occurs when ________. A) management styles evolve into entirely different styles over time B) management styles become more similar to one another C) managers agree to disagree on how to manage D) employees and managers share similar values Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 95 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. Which of the following best describes a self-reference criterion? A) unconsciously referring to our own cultural values B) analyzing our culture more than we analyze other cultures C) referring to other cultures in order to understand our own culture D) looking to expert opinions about culture before forming our own opinions Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 95 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

3. Which of the following is a typical value in U. culture? A) Employment is for a lifetime. B) Success occurs because of luck. C) Commitments should be honored. D) Schedules are relative to other priorities. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 96 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

4. The first step toward cultural sensitivity is for an international manager to ________. A) work and travel in a foreign culture B) interact with people from other cultures C) understand his or her own culture D) learn to speak another language Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 96 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. Which of the following terms refers to assuming that every member of a society or subculture has the same characteristics or traits, without regard to individual differences? A) diversifying B) posturing C) stereotyping D) subsidizing Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 97 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. stereotyping should most likely be avoided by international managers because ________. A) current variables of culture are grossly inaccurate B) many cultures have diverse subcultures C) many countries outlaw the practice D) national culture is nonexistent Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 97 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

3. Research by Harris and Moran identified eight categories that form the ________ in every society. A) subsystems B) stereotypes C) subcultures D) nationalities Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 97 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

4. The main contribution of Harris and Moran's eight categories is to show how ________. A) subsystems in a society affect an individual's behavior B) stereotyping can be a useful tool for learning about cultures C) subcultures are beginning to converge with broader cultures D) global managers should adapt to subordinates from other cultures Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 97 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. According to Harris and Moran, kinship systems refer to the influence of ________. A) workplace relations B) religious activities C) family relationships D) informal groups Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 97 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. Which subsystem is most likely to underlie both moral and economic norms? A) kinship B) political C) religious D) education Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 97 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

3. Which of the following terms refers to a person or group's ideas and convictions about what is important, good or bad, right or wrong? A) laws B) values C) rules D) procedures Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 97 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

4. Which of the following groups has collected data on the cultural values, business practices, and leadership attributes of thousands of international managers? A) GLOBE B) WTO C) EU D) UN Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 98 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. Managers from Taiwan, New Zealand, and Hong Kong tend to take initiative and have a sense of urgency and the confidence to get things done. According to the GLOBE project, such managers score high on the dimension of ________. A) humane orientation B) future orientation C) performance orientation D) assertiveness Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 99 Chapter: 3 Skill: Application

2. Med-Tex is a large pharmaceutical firm based in Texas. Med-Tex has three manufacturing facilities in the U., and the firm wants to join other American pharmaceutical firms by expanding overseas. The firm's executives are evaluating locations across the world for the most suitable place to build the latest Med-Tex manufacturing facility. Which of the following best supports the argument that Med-Tex should build a new facility in Ireland? A) Expanding into a similar culture reduces risks associated with different attitudes, values and communication styles. B) Med-Tex's main competitor received government incentives for building a new manufacturing facility in the U. C) Collectivist societies like Ireland encourage the individual achievement necessary for scientific advancements in pharmaceuticals. D) Particularistic cultures apply rules and systems objectively, which is important within the Med-Tex organizational culture. Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 99- Chapter: 3 Skill: Critical Thinking

3. All of the following are value dimensions proposed by Hofstede EXCEPT ________. A) uncertainty avoidance B) assertiveness C) power distance D) individualism Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 99 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. Workplaces in high power distance cultures will most likely be characterized by ________. A) flexible schedules B) autocratic leadership C) loosely defined chains of command D) informality between customers and workers Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 100 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. An autocratic style of management would be most effective in which of the following? A) low power distance countries B) high power distance countries C) low economic risk countries D) high performance countries Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 100 Chapter: 3 Skill: Application

3. Societies such as Malaysia, Mexico, and the Philippines that accept strong hierarchical boss- subordinate relationships tend to score high on Hofstede's ________ dimension. A) uncertainty avoidance B) collectivism C) masculinity D) power distance Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 100 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

4. According to Hofstede's value dimensions, ________ is the extent to which subordinates accept a hierarchical system in a company. A) uncertainty avoidance B) power distance C) individualism D) masculinity Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 100 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. According to Hofstede's research, there is a strong relationship among ________, wealth, and a political system with balanced power. A) low individualism B) high individualism C) low uncertainty avoidance D) high power distance Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 101 Chapter: 3 Skill: Application

2. Assertiveness, materialism, and a lack of concern for others are considered ________ values by Hofstede. A) masculine B) power distance C) individualistic D) collectivist Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 102 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

3. According to Hofstede, all of the following are characteristic of organizations in countries with low masculinity EXCEPT ________. A) few job conflicts B) limited amount of job stress C) more social loafing at work D) more women in top executive jobs Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 102 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

4. Which of the following is NOT a value dimension in Trompenaars' system? A) universalism vs. particularism B) neutral vs. affective C) specific vs. diffuse D) intrinsic vs. extrinsic Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 103- Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. According to Trompenaars's value dimensions, which of the following best describes the universalistic approach? A) applying rules and systems B) expressing emotions openly C) placing emphasis on relationships D) separating work and private life Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 103 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. According to Trompenaars's value dimensions, the particularistic obligation is best described as the ________. A) application of rules and systems B) open expression of emotions C) obligation towards relationships D) opportunity to achieve status Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 103 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

3. Jane passes on insider information to Jill, her friend. According to Trompenaars, Jane likely comes from a(n) ________ society. A) particularistic B) universalistic C) achievement D) ascription Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 103 Chapter: 3 Skill: Application

4. According to Trompenaars, the ________ dimension focuses on the emotional orientation of relationships. A) universalism versus particularism B) neutral versus affective C) specific versus diffuse D) achievement versus ascription Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 103 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. Which of the following best explains the view of time held by most Arabs? A) Deadlines and firm commitments are crucial to Arabs. B) Arabs view time as a valuable and limited resource. C) Arabs believe important decisions cannot be rushed. D) Unscheduled or lengthy meetings offend Arabs. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 104 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. Which of the following is most likely a true statement regarding the Mexican business culture? A) Work is a sacred duty for both men and women. B) Group harmony at work is essential to success. C) Workers are primarily focused on the future. D) Leisure time is more important than work. Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 106 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity

3. Many people in traditional, non-Western societies believe that change is caused by ________.

A) destiny B) technology C) international firms D) the actions of individuals Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 105 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

1. Different cultural attitudes about nature and material goods would most likely require a global manager located in Korea to reconsider which of the following? A) schedules B) incentive systems C) communication methods D) applicant screening procedures Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 105 Chapter: 3 Skill: Application

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1. Which of the following best describes the Japanese culture as it relates to international business functions? A) Working hard, persevering, and being patient are virtuous. B) Spending time with family is more important than work. C) Efforts should focus on the present rather than the future. D) Individual success and achievement shows respect for self. Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 105 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity

2. Which of the following primarily determines how the Internet is used in different countries? A) local connection speeds B) availability of personal computer parlors C) local attitudes about information privacy D) extent of intercultural communication systems Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 106 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept AACSB: Use of IT

3. Sweden barring airlines from transmitting passenger information most likely illustrates the ________. A) dependence on the Internet by Swedish citizens B) lax enforcement of privacy rights in Sweden C) importance of the Internet to international business D) impact of culture on Internet usage Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 106 Chapter: 3 Skill: Application AACSB: Use of IT

4. The European view of information privacy most likely stems from its ________. A) acceptance of U. business practices B) European Union requirements C) culture and history D) competitive origins Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 106 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

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1. According to research, which of the following is characteristic of most Germans? A) need for extensive personal space during conversations B) establishment of informal, personal work relationships C) willingness to question and debate managerial authority D) desire for flexible work procedures, rules, and processes Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 113 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. ACE is a large computer firm based in Virginia. ACE has five manufacturing facilities in the U. and is in the process of building a new facility in Brazil. ACE executives are considering which American managers should be sent to Brazil to run the new facility. Henry Phillips is the top candidate for the position in Brazil. Which of the following best supports the argument that Henry would be the most suitable manager for the ACE facility in Brazil? A) Henry calls daily department meetings to gather subordinates' feedback. B) Henry tends to develop friendly, trusting relationships with his subordinates. C) Henry maintains a professional distance from his subordinates by only discussing work issues. D) Henry communicates in a blunt manner when providing feedback or direction to his subordinates. Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 114 Chapter: 3 Skill: Critical Thinking

3. According to research, Koreans are best described as ________. A) driven to individual success B) confrontational and strict C) friendly and hard working D) critical of poor performance Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 115 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity

4. Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of Arab culture? A) open admission of mistakes B) indirect communication style C) emphasis on hospitality D) respect for others' self-image Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 117- Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity

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1. The use of guanxi among small family businesses in China is best described as a ________. A) family hierarchy that determines who receives profits B) competitive management style based on Confucian values C) network of relationships centered on mutual obligations and favors D) combination of modern and traditional methods for managing employees Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 119 Chapter: 3 Skill: Concept

2. What are some of the restrictions placed on women in Saudi Arabia? To what extent are women involved in economic and other activities in Saudi Arabia? Answer: Even though Saudi Arabia ratified an agreement in 2000 designed to eliminate discrimination against women, the country still places restrictions on what women can and cannot do. On the one hand, women outnumber men in Saudi universities (there are separate male and female universities), and Saudi women comprise a large portion of teachers and doctors. In the workforce however, women make up only 7 percent. They own about 20% of all Saudi businesses (but can sell only to women). Women are not allowed to drive, to have private law or architectural firms, or to be engineers. They must cover their hair in public and are not allowed to work alongside men. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 91- Chapter: 3 Skill: Application

3. How does cultural sensitivity relate to international management? How can international managers gain cultural sensitivity? Answer: Cultural sensitivity, or cultural empathy, is an awareness and an honest caring about another individual’s culture. Such sensitivity requires the ability to understand the perspective of those living in other (and very different) societies and the willingness to put oneself in another’s shoes. By understanding the nature, dimensions, and variables of a specific culture and how these affect work and organizational processes, global managers can develop appropriate policies and management techniques. Cross-cultural training is an effective method for developing the skills needed by global managers. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 93- Chapter: 3 Skill: Synthesis

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Which of the following statements is true about countries where power distance is high quizlet?

When a culture is high in uncertainty avoidance people are likely to?

Which of the following tend to be lower in cultures that are high in uncertainty avoidance?

Which of the following is a cultural dimension identified by the Globe project team?