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Terms in this set (49)Infection is an invasion by pathogens that reproduce, multiply, and cause disease. microorganisms are tiny, one-celled plants and animals. They are also called microbes. Pathogens Microbes that produce infection and disease Anaerobic bacteria can survive without oxygen and can grow deep within the body, such as in a joint. Bacilli are rod-shaped bacteria. Skin is the most important defense mechanism of the external immune system. Leukocytes are part of the internal immune system. Their function is to fight infection. They are also called white blood cells, and they produce protein antibodies that help destroy microorganisms as they enter the body. Antibodies are produced when unfamiliar microorganisms enter the body. Immunization is a way of stimulating production of antibodies by exposing the body to weakened or killed germs. vaccination is the process of introducing an infectious agent to the body to establish resistance to an infection. older adult patient Thin, less elastic skin, decreased secretion of stomach acid, and weakened muscular structures are all risks factors for infection in a(n): Nosocomial Which term means an infection that occurs in a hospital or long-term care facility? aseptic techniques Handwashing, sterilization of equipment, and the wearing of protective clothing are all examples of: Standard precautions Which term indicates primary strategies that prevent infections transmitted through blood, body fluid, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes? Bacteriocidal Which term indicates drugs that kill microorganisms directly? Gram stain Which test can identify pathogens to determine the specific antibiotic that should be prescribed? Culture and sensitivity test Which procedure would assist the physician in choosing a drug that is effective against the pathogen? Broad-spectrum antibiotics give more types of organisms a chance to develop resistance. Why do physicians prefer to prescribe narrow-spectrum antibiotics? Hypersensitivity Which term indicates an altered state of reactivity in which the body reacts with an exaggerated immune response? Anaphylaxis What term indicates a severe, possibly fatal systemic hypersensitivity reaction to a sensitizing agent—that is, a drug, food, or chemical? Superinfection Which term describes a secondary infection that occurs while an antibiotic is destroying the first infection? Take all of the medication to ensure that the drug does not fail. Which statement describes important information that patients must receive while on antibiotic therapy? Penicillins Which antibiotic is the most effective and least toxic? resist penicillin. Pathogens that secrete a substance called penicillinase: maintain therapeutic blood levels. Patients should be educated to take antibiotic doses at the prescribed time to: Hypersensitivity may occur if an individual is having an allergic reaction. In patients taking penicillin, rash, fever, or chills may indicate: Cephalosporins Which antibiotic is often prescribed for patients who are allergic to penicillin? Alcohol or alcohol-containing medications Which should be avoided because they interact with cephalosporins and produce abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, decreased blood pressure, rapid pulse, and sweating? Tetracyclines Which antibiotics pose a greater risk for superinfection than other microbials? photosensitivity Patients should be educated to avoid direct ultraviolet light and sunlight while taking tetracyclines because they can cause a rash due to: macrolides Zithromax, Biaxin, and erythromycin are all examples of: Aminoglycosides Which are potent Bactericidal antibiotics that are generally used to treat only serious or life-threatening conditions? Sensory; renal; and nervous Which body systems may experience toxic effects from the administration of aminoglycosides? drink at least 3 quarts of fluid per day. Patients taking sulfonamides such as Bactrim and Septra must be educated to: Quinolones Patients taking which type of antibiotics should be educated to avoid activities that require coordination and alertness because of the possibility of central nervous system symptoms? fungi Mycoses are infections caused by: Tinea unguium Which term refers to a fungal infection of the nails? Antifungal infections are harder to cure than bacterial infections. Which statement correctly applies to the treatment of fungal infections? Yeast Which causes infections in warm, moist areas of the skin and the mucous membranes of the mouth and vagina? fungal infections Diflucan, Monistat, and Lotrimin are used to treat: before the disease begins. For an antiviral to be most effective, the drug must be given: Antibodies form Which forms after a vaccine is administered? Herpes Which is a chronic infection in which there are recurrent periods of active disease followed by latent periods when the patient is asymptomatic? HIV/AIDS Which infection is treated using "cocktail" therapy? Strict Which type of isolation requires the following: keep the patient in a separate room with the door closed; all staff wear protective gowns, masks, and gloves; and all equipment for drug administration is discarded in special containers or disinfected and sterilized? Respiratory Which isolation procedure places the patient in a separate room with the door closed, and staff members are required to wear a protective mask only without gloves? Reverse Which isolation procedure protects patients who have no or weakened immunity? Autoclave Which machine sterilizes medical equipment using steam under pressure? Disinfectants Which chemicals are used in the sterilization process because they are capable of killing bacteria? 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Which term refers to pathogen free techniques when caring for patients?A. Medical asepsis is the state of being free from disease causing microorganisms. Medical asepsis is concerned with eliminating the spread of microorganisms through facility practices.
Which causes infections in warm moist areas of the skin and the mucous membranes of the mouth and vagina?Thrush Candidiasis and Yeast Infections | Overview
Although yeast is normally a harmless inhabitant of the digestive system and vaginal area, it may cause an infection when the skin is damaged, when conditions are warm and humid or when your child has a depressed immune system.
What is the primary route of disease transmission in a healthcare facility?The primary routes of infectious disease transmission in U.S. healthcare settings are contact, droplet, and airborne. Contact transmission can be sub-divided into direct and indirect contact.
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Which term indicates primary strategies that prevent infections transmitted through blood body fluid non intact skin and mucous membranes?
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