Which of the following statements best justifies the inclusion of test to be as a control in the experiment?

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Which of the following statements best helps explain the reaction specificity of an enzyme?

C
The shape and charge of the substrates are compatible with the active site of the enzyme.

the inclusion of test tube V as a control in the experiment?

C
It will show the color change that occurs in the absence of enzyme activity.

Which of the following statements best predicts the effect of increasing the concentration of substrate (ethyl alcohol), while keeping the concentration of the inhibitor (methyl alcohol) constant?

D
Competitive inhibition will decrease because the proportion of the active sites occupied by substrate will increase.

Which metabolic process is common to both aerobic cellular respiration and alcoholic fermentation?

Glycolysis

Which of the following statements best helps explain how the enzyme speeds up the reaction?

B
The enzyme's active site binds to and stabilizes the transition state, which decreases the activation energy of the reaction.

The energy required to run the Calvin cycle reactions of photosynthesis comes from which two substances produced during the light-dependent reactions?

ATP and NADPH

Which of the following can be used to determine the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

rate of disappearance of the substrate

According to the results of this experiment, germination of tobacco seeds during the first week is

increased by exposure to light

Which of the following must remain the same for all trials of this experiment?

The initial concentration of the substrate

Which of the following best predicts how the structure and function of pepsin will change as it enters the small intestine?

C
Pepsin will change in shape because of the basic environment of the small intestine; therefore, its enzymatic activity will decrease.

Which of the following actions will provide the most appropriate negative control for the experiment?

Repeating the experiment with denatured enzymes

Which of the following correctly uses the data to justify the claim that the phosphagen system is an immediate, short-term source of ATP for muscle cells?

A
ATP production by the phosphagen system increases and decreases rapidly following the start of the exercise period.

Which of the following observations provides the best evidence to support the claim?

Elysia chlorotica grows when exposed to light in the absence of other food sources.

which it is most closely related. Each heading may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

(A) Glysolysis
(B) Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)
(C) Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions of photosynthesis)
(D) Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
(E) Chemiosmosis

Process found in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration

E

which it is most closely related. Each heading may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

(A) Glysolysis
(B) Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)
(C) Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions of photosynthesis)
(D) Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
(E) Chemiosmosis

Process in which sugar is oxidized to pyruvic acid

A

which it is most closely related. Each heading may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

(A) Glysolysis
(B) Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)
(C) Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions of photosynthesis)
(D) Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
(E) Chemiosmosis

Process in which carbon from CO2 is incorporated into organic molecules

C

which it is most closely related. Each heading may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

(A) Glysolysis
(B) Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)
(C) Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions of photosynthesis)
(D) Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
(E) Chemiosmosis

Process in which CO2, is released as a by-product of oxidation-reduction reactions

B

which it is most closely related. Each heading may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

(A) Glysolysis
(B) Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)
(C) Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions of photosynthesis)
(D) Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
(E) Chemiosmosis

Process in which O2 is released as a by-product of oxidation-reduction reactions

D

Which of the following statements best justifies the inclusion of test tubes 3 and 7 in the experiment?

They will show whether the isolated cellular contents have enzymatic activity.

If the experiment is repeated at pH 11, the observed activity level of the enzyme will most likely be

lower than the level at pH 9

Which of the following questions can best be answered by the diagram?

A
Does the addition of an enzyme reduce the activation energy required for a reaction?

If the potato solution was boiled for 10 minutes and cooled for 10 minutes before being tested, the average time for the disks to float to the surface of the hydrogen peroxide solution would be

more than 30 seconds

Oxygen consumption can be used as a measure of metabolic rate because oxygen is

necessary for ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation

If the input water is labeled with a radioactive isotope of oxygen, 18O, then the oxygen gas released as the reaction proceeds is also labeled with 18O. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?

B
During the light reactions of photosynthesis, water is split, removing electrons and protons, and oxygen gas is released.

PFK can be allosterically inhibited by ATP at high concentrations. Which of the following is the benefit of regulating glycolysis by the concentration of ATP?

Glycolysis proceeds when the intracellular concentration of ATP is low, which provides ATP to drive cellular reactions.

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Which of the following best justifies the use of tube 2 as a control?

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