Which of the following statements best describes the way that Ethnographers gather data during fieldwork?

How are you connected to the people of Plachimada, India?

Coca-Cola opened up a bottling plant in Plachimada that severely affected local water levels and increased levels of pollution.

Anthropology is defined as

the study of the full scope of human diversity, past and present, and the application of that knowledge to help people of different backgrounds better understand one another.

Anthropology seeks to study

all people and cultures around the globe.

Which field is one of the four fields of Anthropology?

the ongoing phenomenon of interactions between people becoming more frequent and easier

A company is interested in building a new factory in Bolivia and wants to know how to ensure positive interactions between workers and management. Which type of anthropologist should the company contact?

A company that used to be based solely in the United States now has factories in the United States plus Mexico, Guatemala, and Indonesia. Which key dynamic of globalization is at work in this example?

A hundred years ago in the United States, most college-age adults envisioned living and working near the town where they grew up. Today, many more college-age adults envision living and working in a location away from the town where they grew up. Which key dynamic of globalization best explains this phenomenon?

A hydroelectric dam is built in Haiti to provide electric power to those who can afford it. The Haitian citizens who had lived in the valley where the dam is built are relocated to a mountainous location where it is very difficult for them to make a good enough living to afford electricity. Which key dynamic of globalization does this story best illustrate?

An archaeological team decides to hire a cultural anthropologist to do interviews with villagers nearby the excavation site. Their objective is to work with locals to turn the site into an appealing and accessible tourism destination for visitors, thus providing a new source of income for the community. The team's approach can BEST be described as which of the following?

Ana has started a project comparing ethnographic data about educational techniques in Lesotho to data about educational techniques in New York City. This process is known as which of the following?

Andrew wants to understand the life experiences of the people who farm organic coffee in the highlands of Guatemala and of the people who sell and drink it at boutique coffee shops in Portland, Oregon. In order to conduct his project, he is MOST likely going to need to do which of the following?

Anil is an anthropologist who studies how words transmitted via social media have been used both to resist and to uphold power during recent revolutionary periods in Libya, Egypt, and the Sudan. Anil would most likely classify himself as a(n)

linguistic anthropologist.

April is excited to see a display of arrowheads and other stone tools in a local museum. She wants to learn more about some of the tools. Which type of anthropologist should she contact?

Augusto is a farmer who encounters several bones while plowing his field and wants to know if the bones are human. Which type of anthropologist should he call?

By building a plant in Plachimada, India, the Coca-Cola Company fundamentally changed the lives of people there. To fully understand how Plachimada women responded and were affected, a cultural anthropologist would MOST likely need to include which of the following in their research plan?

interviews with Coca-Cola personnel to learn about their negotiations with the women

Ken Guest's summer-long trip from New York City to a village in the Fujian Province of southeast China illustrated the effects of globalization on a local community. What percentage of the village population lives in the United States today?

Scientists predict what change in global temperatures by the year 2100?

an increase of 2.5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit

Think about how you accomplish the following three tasks today: communicating with others, getting from place to place, and receiving news about important things that are happening elsewhere in the country and in the world. Now, imagine yourself setting out to accomplish the same tasks in 1800. What would be different? Write a sentence or two about key differences between 1800 and now in each of the three tasks. Communicating with others: Getting from place to place: Receiving news:

When did anthropology arise as a scientific discipline?

Which key dynamic of globalization is at work when Andre sends a text message and becomes concerned when he does not receive an immediate response?

Which of the following BEST describes the similarity between anthropology at its beginnings and anthropology today?

Both involve moments of intense globalization.

Which of the following best characterizes the current time period?

Which of the following do anthropologists believe to be true?

Few, if any, isolated groups have existed in human history.

Which of the following is an anthropologist MOST likely to study?

how minority residents of a small town work together to resist discriminatory policies

Which of the following would be considered participant observation?

living in a Brazilian shantytown (favela) to learn how locals cope with poverty

You have read that anthropologists work hard to avoid ethnocentrism. In two to three sentences, explain why you think this is important to the work they do and why it might be difficult to achieve.

Anthropologists study and live with a group of people long enough to understand the beliefs and practices of that group on their terms. This way, anthropologists strive to avoid which of the following?Term

Anthropology is a holistic discipline, meaning that it studies everything about humanity and human behavior, across all places and times. If you were an anthropologist, what are some aspects of humanity that might be appealing to study? List at least five.

By discussing his research in both China and the United States, Ken Guest (the author of your textbook) illustrates that

communities and research strategies have changed with globalization.

the study of human diversity

Which of the following terms refers to "the worldwide intensification of interactions and increased movement of money, people, goods, and ideas within and across national borders"?

Which of the following topics would be MOST interesting to a linguistic anthropologist?

speech patterns among recent immigrants

The study of the full scope of human diversity, past and present, and the application of that knowledge to help people of different backgrounds better understand one another.

The belief that one's own culture or way of life is normal and natural; using one's own culture to evaluate and judge the practices and ideals of others.

A primary research strategy in cultural anthropology typically involving living and interacting with a community of people over an extended period to better understand their lives.

The use of four interrelated disciplines to study humanity: physical anthropology, archaeology, linguistic anthropology, and cultural anthropology.

The anthropological commitment to look at the whole picture of human life-culture, biology, history, and language-across space and time.

The study of humans from a biological perspective, particularly how they have evolved over time and adapted to their environments.

The study of the history of human evolution through the fossil record.

The study of living nonhuman primates as well as primate fossils to better understand human evolution and early human behavior.

The investigation of the human past by means of excavating and analyzing artifacts. 

The reconstruction of human behavior in the distant past (before written records) through the examination of artifacts.

The exploration of the more recent past through an examination of physical remains and artifacts as well as written or oral records.

The study of human language in the past and the present. 

Those who analyze languages and their component parts. 

Those who study how language changes over time within a culture and how languages travel across cultures. 

Those who study language in its social and cultural contexts.

The study of people's communities, behaviors, beliefs, and institutions, including how people make meaning as they live, work, and play together. 

A key anthropological research strategy involving both participation in and observation of the daily life of the people being studied. 

The analysis and comparison of ethnographic data across cultures. 

The worldwide intensification of interactions and increased movement of money, people, goods, and ideas within and across national borders. 

The rapid innovation of communication and transportation technologies associated with globalization that transforms the way people think about space (distances) and time.

The increasingly flexible strategies that corporations use to accumulate profits in an era of globalization, enabled by innovative communication and transportation technologies. 

The accelerated movement of people within and between countries. 

The unequal distribution of the benefits of globalization. 

The current historical era in which human activity is reshaping the planet in permanent ways.

Changes to Earth's climate, including global warming produced primarily by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases created by the burning of fossil fuels. 

A single McDonald's Happy Meal can symbolize major economic, political, and social forces present in U.S. culture. According to Clifford Geertz, the BEST way to identify these connections, is to use which of the following?

According to Clifford Geertz, when one person winks at another, the symbolic meaning of the wink depends on the situation, the relationship between the people, and their ability to understand what is being communicated. This involves deep cultural knowledge. Hence, to fully understand the symbolic meaning of the wink, the anthropologist should use a perspective ofTerm

the interpretivist approach

Advances in seafaring technology allowed Europeans in the fifteenth century to travel farther and faster than before, thus seeing more of the diversity of the world's people. In response, they created the concept of "race," which divided the world's population into distinct categories and created a lasting and influential

Anthropologists might BEST refute the idea that human culture is biologically determined by using which of the following observations?

All humans must eat, but eating habits vary across groups.

Bedouin women living on the margins of society in Egypt are often illiterate but maintain rich traditions of oral poetry and song. Anthropologists point out that political and socioeconomic conditions - not a lack of interest in modern life - have shaped Bedouin women's current realities. This explanation is based on a perspective of which of the following?

Bertram marries someone from outside his cultural group. Which anthropological term best describes this situation?

Debates about privacy in post-9/11 American society are fundamentally debates about which of the following?

During the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011, regular citizens across Middle Eastern countries took to the streets to protest policies and treatment by government officials. These public protests were an example of the exercise of which type of power?

Fatima lives in rural Morocco. Before her sister's wedding, she will decorate the bride's hands and feet with henna, a temporary dye used to make elaborate tattoos. She goes on YouTube and Instagram to study the latest henna designs from around the world and chooses a few that are stylish and modern but also traditional enough to satisfy their elders. Her research BEST represents which of the following perspectives?

Imagine that you are driving in Taiwan. You arrive at a red, eight-sided, red sign. Even though you may not understand what is written on the sign, you know that it is telling you to stop. The sign itself is an example of a cultural

Imagine that you decide to study your workplace as an anthropologist. In your final analysis, you describe the owner and founder as "the brain" of the organization, the manager as the "heart and lungs," and the employees as "the muscular system." You note that each of these "parts of the body" has to do its job. If not, it must be repaired or replaced for the business to keep working smoothly. Your anthropological perspectives is BEST described as which of the following?

Imagine that you have invented a new snack food product and would like to market it to college students. What are some of the advertising messages you would create to entice consumers to purchase the product? What elements of existing student culture would you show and/or promise? How might your product change college culture moving forward? Briefly describe your product: Briefly describe the advertising you'd use to show the product's benefits: How does your advertising show current student culture? How might your product change college culture?

In Samoan villages, parents do not use "baby talk" with infants, and they expect children to run simple errands when needed. These practices are BEST described as part of the Samoan system of

In Spain, "morning" lasts from the time a person gets up until about 2:00 p.m., when they eat the main meal of the day. In the United States, "morning" lasts from the time a person gets up until about 12:00 noon, when they eat lunch. This means that the concept of "morning" adapts to different

In human history, culture has played an important role in the physical evolution of the human body. Which of the following examples BEST illustrates this?

the development of stone tools

In the United States, people drive on the right side of the road, while in Great Britain, people drive on the left. This is an example of a difference in which of the following?

The Nazi regime used forms of material power such as political coercion and military brute force, but it also created generalized agreement among the German population about the "dangers" of Jews, Roma, and other groups. This type of societal agreement allowed the horrors of the Holocaust to take place and can BEST be described as which of the following?

The development of today's consumer culture requires that people continually desire and purchase new goods and services. This contrasts with the frugality and modesty of the so-called "Protestant ethic" of the past and represents a shift in cultural values. Which of the following bears the MOST responsibility for this shift?

the advertising and financial services industries

The handshake as a form of greeting in the United States is an example of which of the following?

The human body contains roughly 100 trillion cells. Approximately what percentage of those cells are independent microorganisms?

The nineteenth-century theory of unilineal cultural evolution held that, of all the world's cultures, Western cultures were the most

There is evidence that minority residents of Anytown have less access to resources such as strong schools, libraries, and recreational centers than their majority counterparts. This is an example of which of the following?

Think about how you accomplish the following three tasks today: eating, drinking, and sleeping. These are fundamental tasks that all humans must complete, yet different cultures complete these tasks in different ways. Write a sentence or two about how culture affects the way you accomplish each task below. Eating: Drinking: Sleeping:

When the French government banned the use of religious symbols in schools in 2004, it focused not merely on people's individual beliefs but also sought to shape national society by creating new rules within an established

Which of the following is an example of cultural relativism?

attempts to comprehend the motives behind the 9/11 attacks

Which of the following research ideas BEST represents one that might deal with epigenetics?

tracking the long-term effects of radiation exposure on infants living near the 2011 Fukushima nuclear accident

A system of knowledge, beliefs, patterns of behavior, artifacts, and institutions that are created, learned, shared, and contested by a group of people.

The process of learning culture.

Ideas or rules about how people should behave in particular situations or toward certain other people.

Fundamental beliefs about what is important, what makes a good life, and what is true, right, and beautiful.

Anything that represents something else.

Cultural classifications of what kinds of people and things exist, and the assignment of meaning to those classifications.

unilineal cultural evolution

The theory proposed by nineteenth-century anthropologists that all cultures naturally evolve through the same sequence of stages from simple to complex.

The idea, attributed to Franz Boas, that cultures develop in specific ways because of their unique histories.

The focus of early British anthropological research whose structure and function could be isolated and studied scientifically.

A conceptual framework positing that each element of society serves a particular function to keep the entire system in equilibrium.

A conceptual framework that sees culture primarily as a symbolic system of deep meaning.

A research strategy that combines detailed description of cultural activity with an analysis of the layers of deep cultural meaning in which those activities are embedded.

The ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence.

The uneven distribution of resources and privileges among participants in a group or culture.

The ability of a dominant group to create consent and agreement within a population without the use or threat of force.

The potential power of individuals and groups to contest cultural norms, values, mental maps of reality, symbols, institutions, and structures of power.

An area of study in the field of genetics exploring how environmental factors directly affect the expression of genes in ways that may be inherited between generations.

The complete collection of microorganisms in the human body's ecosystem.

A key part of Barbara Myerhoff's research with Jewish immigrant senior citizens in California was the way she discussed her own role within that community and how her identity shaped her fieldwork. Her approach BEST exemplifies the ethnographic technique of

According to Brackette Williams, fieldwork can become a form of 'socially required homework,' giving the anthropologist new perspectives with which to confront life's daily challenges. Consider your own process of learning about college culture as a form of fieldwork. Write a sentence or two about how a new perspective you've been exposed to in college has affected a challenge or decision you have faced.

Among the following, the BEST example of qualitative data would include

field notes recorded during participant observation.

Carlos is an anthropologist who wants to learn more about student culture at American colleges. He decides to enroll in a college, take classes, live in a dorm, and interact with students. This ethnographic technique is best known as

Chan has started a project comparing ethnographic data about health-care practices in a Mozambique village to data about similar techniques in rural Kentucky. This approach is known as

Charles is interested in studying access to paved sidewalks, bike paths, and jogging trails as a means of encouraging fitness in his study community. As a first step in his research, he would MOST likely create a map of the community's

Claudia is frustrated because, having just arrived at her field site, she is having a hard time convincing people to sit down for an interview with her. To reassure her it would be MOST appropriate to say, "Don't worry, you just haven't had enough time to

Concerned about the impacts of European settlement, Boas and his students rapidly gathered ethnographic material from Native American groups so they could learn as much as possible about them. This type of study is known as

Curtis wants to study how teachers in an urban elementary school feel about administrators such as the principal and superintendent. He wants to use a hidden camera in the teachers' lounge to capture teacher comments. This study would BEST be described as

not ethical because there is no plan for obtaining informed consent.

During her fieldwork in Brazil, Nancy Scheper-Hughes noticed that young mothers seemed reluctant to discuss the details of their children's deaths. She learned more about their lives and experiences by paying close attention to these conversational omissions, which anthropologists call

Ethnographies about Puerto Rican culture written by Julian Steward and Sydney Mintz are important to the history of anthropological research because they

examine how communities integrate into the modern world system.

Francisco returned from 18 months of fieldwork in Mongolia and is now writing the introduction to his new ethnography. By describing his language training, how long he spent doing research, and his prior experience as a Peace Corps volunteer, he is MOST likely striving to establish

Given the technological changes that have occurred in the last hundred years, what are three technologies that, in your estimation, have significantly changed the process of conducting fieldwork and ethnographic analysis? Example one: Example two: Example three:

Krista plans to do a series of life history interviews with farmers living and working in rural Venezuela. Before she begins, which of the following would be MOST important for her to do if she wants to conduct her research ethically?

engagement with public debates in the United States

synchronic approach seeking to isolate cultural variables

four-field approach and cultural relativism

a conversation wherein a respondent is asked a specific set of questions

examines genealogies to identify power relationships

can gather quantitative data and reach large numbers of people quickly

focuses on power relationships in a community by looking at who people turn to in times of need

seeks to understand how a culture has changed over the span of one person's life

Nancy Scheper-Hughes is identified in the chapter as an engaged anthropologist. Which of the following challenges has she sought to address through her work in Brazil?

Quality ethnographic writing should include which of the following perspectives?

Rania has been doing ethnographic fieldwork with members of a Hmong-speaking community in Wisconsin who have helped her compose and revise interview questions. This collaboration is an example of what ethnographic technique?

The process of fieldwork alters the character of

both the anthropologist and the study community

Today's anthropologists see people's individual and local experiences as shaped by global economic and political influences. Which of the following studies BEST illustrates this approach?

Redmon and Sabin's study on the making and use of Mardi Gras beads

Which of the following statements about early anthropological investigations is accurate?

The roots of anthropological fieldwork lie in the globalization of the late 1800s.

Which statement is at the core of the American Anthropological Association's statement on ethics?

You spend most weekends engaged in participant observation of ritual feasting and dancing in your study community. What is the BEST way to record your observations so you can analyze the cultural significance of these gatherings?

Keep detailed field notes after each celebration and compare your observations.

A primary research strategy in cultural anthropology typically involving living and interacting with a community of people over an extended period to better understand their lives.

Fieldwork strategy developed by Franz Boas to collect cultural, material, linguistic, and biological information about Native American populations being devastated by the westward expansion of European settlers. 

Understanding a group's beliefs and practices within their own cultural context, without making judgments. 

A key anthropological research strategy involving both participation in and observation of the daily life of the people being studied. 

A critical self-examination of the role the anthropologist plays and an awareness that one's identity affects one's fieldwork and theoretical analyses. 

Applying the research strategies and analytical perspectives of anthropology to address concrete challenges facing local communities and the world at large.

The tools needed to conduct fieldwork, including information, perspectives, strategies and even equipment. 

Statistical information about a community that can be measured and compared. 

Descriptive data drawn from nonstatistical sources, including personal stories, interviews, life histories, and participant observation. 

A community member who advises the anthropologist on community issues, provides feedback, and warns against cultural miscues. Also called cultural consultant. 

A form of interview that traces the biography of a person over time, examining changes in the person's life and illuminating the interlocking network of relationships in the community. 

An information-gathering tool for quantitative data analysis.

A fieldwork strategy of examining interlocking relationships of power built on marriage and family ties. 

A method for examining relationships in a community, often conducted by identifying whom people turn to in times of need. A method for examining relationships in a community, often conducted by identifying whom people turn to in times of need. 

The anthropologist's written observations and reflections on places, practices, events, and interviews.

The analysis of the physical and/or geographic space where fieldwork is being conducted.

The intentionally designed features of human settlement, including buildings, transportation and public service infrastructure, and public spaces. 

Which statement best describes why ethnographers collect life histories?

What are some of the main techniques used by ethnographers in the study of cultures?

What is the most common method of ethnographic fieldwork?

What do ethnographers do quizlet?