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Correct preparation for a patient scheduled for an upper gastrointestinal (GI) series is most likely to be 2 The position shown in Figure A is known as 3 Which of the following statements is (are) correct with respect to evaluation criteria for a PA projection of the chest for lungs?
4 The type of ileus characterized by cessation of peristalsis is termed 5 Which of the following positions is most likely to place the right kidney parallel to the IR? 6 Which of the following statements is (are) correct, with respect to a left lateral projection of the chest?
7 The PA chest radiograph shown in the figure below demonstrates 8 Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding the figure below?
9 Which of the following anatomic structures is best demonstrated in the LPO position, in a positive-contrast exam? 10 Involuntary motion can be caused by 2. severe pain. 3. heart muscle contraction. 11 All the following statements regarding large bowel radiography are true except single-contrast studies help to demonstrate intraluminal lesions. 12 Which of the following procedures will best demonstrate the cephalic, basilic, and subclavian veins? 13 Which of the following positions will demonstrate the right axillary ribs? 14 During
chest radiography, the act of inspiration 15 Which of the following is (are) part of the bony thorax?
16 Operative cholangiography may be performed to 2. determine function of the hepatopancreatic ampulla. 3. examine the patency of the biliary tract. 17 Free air in the abdominal cavity is best demonstrated in which of the following positions? AP projection, left lateral decubitus position 18 Which of the following radiologic examinations can demonstrate ureteral reflux? 19 What instructions might a
patient be given following an upper GI examination? 2. Take a mild laxative. 3. Increase dietary fiber. 20 Widening of the intercostal spaces is characteristic of which of the following conditions? 21 Which of the following statements referring to the images below is (are) correct?
22 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) usually involves
23 The thoracic cavity is lined by 24 During IV urography, the prone position generally is recommended to demonstrate
25 All the following positions are likely to be employed for both single- and double-contrast examinations of the large bowel except right and left lateral decubitus abdomen. 26 Which of the following positions can be used to demonstrate the axillary ribs of the right thorax? 27 All of the following statements regarding the RAO position of the sternum are true, except a thin thorax requires a lesser degree of obliquity than a thicker thorax. 28 What is the position of the stomach in a hypersthenic patient? 29 Which of the following examinations require(s) restriction of a patient's diet?
30 Free air in the abdominal cavity is demonstrated in which of the following? 2. Erect AP abdomen 3. Left lateral decubitus abdomen 31 The pyloric canal and duodenal bulb are best demonstrated during an upper GI series in which of the following positions? 32 The ridge that marks the bifurcation of the trachea into the right and left primary bronchi is the 33 Following the ingestion of a fatty meal, what hormone is secreted by the duodenal mucosa to stimulate contraction of the gallbladder? 34 Which of the following structures will usually contain air, in the PA recumbent position on a sthenic patient, during a double-contrast upper GI (UGI) examination? 35 Inspiration and expiration projections of the chest are performed to demonstrate
36 Which of the following examinations most likely would be performed to diagnose Wilm's tumor? 37 Which of the following structures will be filled with barium in the AP recumbent position of a sthenic patient during an upper GI examination? 38 When the erect position is requested as part of an IVU, it is used to demonstrate 39 The condition in which pulmonary alveoli lose their elasticity and become permanently inflated, causing the patient to consciously exhale, is 40 A patient suffering from orthopnea would experience the least discomfort in which body position? 41 To demonstrate the pulmonary apices with the patient in the AP position, the central ray is directed 15° to 20° cephalad.
42 The sternoclavicular joints will be best demonstrated in which of the following positions? 43 Which of the following positions will move the fundus of the gallbladder shown in Figure 7–6 away from the superimposed transverse process? 44 Which of the following is represented by the number 3 in the figure below? 45 Which of the following will be demonstrated best in the 45-degree right anterior oblique (RAO) position? 46 A lesion with a stalk projecting from the intestinal mucosa into the lumen is a(n) 47 An aspirated foreign body is more likely to enter the lower respiratory tract via the right main stem bronchus. 48 Which of the following positions is most likely to offer the best visualization of the pulmonary apices? 49 The stomach of an asthenic patient is most likely to be located low, vertical, and toward the midline. 50 Which of the following positions will most effectively move the gallbladder away from the vertebrae in an asthenic patient? 51 An
esophagram would most likely be requested for patients with which of the following esophageal disorders/symptoms? 52 The figure below demonstrates which of the following conditions? 53 For the average patient, the CR for a lateral projection of a barium-filled stomach should enter midway between the midcoronal line and the anterior abdominal surface 54 Which type of articulation is evaluated in arthrography? 55 Which of the following equipment is mandatory for performance of a myelogram? 56 Which of the following positions is required to demonstrate small amounts of air in the peritoneal cavity? Lateral decubitus, affected side up 57 To obtain an exact axial projection of the clavicle, place the patient in a lordotic position and direct the central ray at right angles to the coronal plane of the clavicle. 58 The structure indicated by the number 5 in Figure 6–11 is the 59 Deoxygenated blood from the head and thorax is returned to the heart by the 60 Below-diaphragm ribs are better demonstrated when the patient is in the recumbent position. 61 In which of the following conditions is a double-contrast BE essential for demonstration of the condition?
62 A patient is usually required to drink barium sulfate suspension to demonstrate which of the following structures? 2. Pylorus 3. Ilium 63 Which of the following are mediastinal structures?
64 Which of the following radiologic procedures requires that a contrast medium be injected into the renal pelvis via a catheter placed within the ureter? 65 The structure labeled number 2 in Figure 6–3, image B is the 66 Which of the following conditions would require an increase in exposure factors? 2. Pleural effusion 3. Emphysema 67 Which of the radiographs shown in Figure 4–5 most likely required the greater exposure? 68 All the following statements regarding the position shown in Figure 2–17 are true except the CR is directed vertically to the level of T7. 69 Which of the following structures is (are) located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)? 70 What is the name of the plane indicated by the number 1 in Figure 6–17? 71 The PA chest image shown in Figure 4–13 exhibits which of the following qualities?
72 The figure below illustrates a sectional image of the abdomen. Which of the following is represented by the number 13? 73 Dorsal decubitus projections of the chest are used to evaluate small amounts of
74 Which of the following radiologic examinations requires preparation consisting of a low-residue diet, cathartics, and enemas? 75 Which of the following techniques would provide a posteroanterior (PA) projection of the gastroduodenal surfaces of a barium-filled high and transverse stomach? Angle the CR 35 to 45 degrees cephalad. 76 Which of the following equipment is necessary for ERCP?
77 Which projection(s) of the abdomen would be used to demonstrate pneumoperitoneum? 2. Left lateral decubitus 3. Upright 78 Which of the following structures is (are) located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)?
79 Moderate hypertension can produce damage to which of the following organs? 1. Lungs 2. Kidneys 3. Brain 80 In what order should the following examinations be scheduled?
81 Which of the following is the preferred scheduling sequence? Abdomen ultrasound, lower GI series, upper GI series 82 During studies of the soft tissue of the neck, the exposure can be made 2. during Valsalva maneuver. 3. at the height of swallowing motion with opacification. A 1 only 83 The body habitus characterized by a long and narrow thoracic cavity and low midline stomach and gallbladder is the 84 Which of the following is (are) evaluation criteria for a PA chest radiograph of the heart and lungs?
85 In a posteroanterior (PA) projection of the chest being used for cardiac evaluation, the heart measures 14.7 cm between its widest points. If the magnification factor is known to be 1.2, what is the actual diameter of the heart? 86 The structure labeled number 6 in Figure 2–39 is the 87 Which of the following statements with respect to the PA chest seen in Figure 2–11 is (are) correct?
88 Double-contrast examinations of the stomach or large bowel are performed to better visualize the 89 To radiograph an infant for suspected free air within the abdominal cavity, which of the following projections of the abdomen will demonstrate the condition with the least patient exposure? Left lateral decubitus without grid 90 In myelography, the contrast medium generally is injected into the subarachnoid space between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae 91 Which of the following pathologic conditions probably will require a decrease in exposure factors? 92 The AP axial projection of the pulmonary apices requires the CR to be directed 93 Which of the following is the most likely site for a lumbar puncture? 94 With the patient recumbent on the x-ray table with the head lower than the feet, the patient is said to be in the 95 Fluoroscopic imaging of the ileocecal valve is generally part of a(n) 96 What is the position of the gallbladder in an asthenic patient? 97 The usual patient preparation for an upper GI examination is nothing by mouth (NPO) 8 hours before the examination. 98 The act of expiration will cause the
99 Routine excretory urography usually includes a postmicturition radiograph of the bladder. This is done to demonstrate 100 During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) examination, contrast medium is injected into the 101 Moderate hypertension can produce damage to which of the following organ(s) 1. Lungs 2. Kidneys 3. Brain 102 How should a chest examination to rule out air–fluid levels be obtained on a patient having traumatic injuries? Include a lateral chest examination performed in dorsal decubitus position. 103 A flat and upright abdomen is requested on an acutely ill patient, to demonstrate the presence of air-fluid levels. Because of the patient's condition, the x-ray table can be tilted upright only 70° (rather than the desired 90°). How should the central ray be directed? 104 What
are the positions most commonly employed for a radiographic examination of the sternum? 2. RAO 3. LAO 105 Which of the following positions is required to demonstrate small amounts of air in the pleural cavity? Lateral decubitus, affected side up 106 An increase in exposure factors usually is required in which of the following circumstances?
107 Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding the CR image artifact seen in the erect PA projection of the chest shown in Figure 4–31? The object is located within the IP. The object is located within the IP. 108 Which of the following is a radiologic procedure that functions to dilate a stenotic vessel? 109 Place the following anatomic structures in order from anterior to posterior: 1. Apex of heart, trachea, esophagus 110 The following instructions should be given to a patient following a barium sulfate contrast examination: 111 During an upper gastrointestinal (GI) examination, the AP recumbent projection of a stomach of average shape will usually demonstrate 2. barium-filled fundus. 3. double-contrast body and antral portions. 112 What is the structure indicated by the number 8 in Figure 2–18? 113 Which of the following positions may be used to effectively demonstrate the right posterior axillary ribs? 114 In which of the following procedures is quiet, shallow breathing recommended during the exposure to obliterate prominent pulmonary vascular markings?
115 The structure indicated as number 4 in Figure 2–9 is the 116 Which of the following sequences correctly describes the path of blood flow as it leaves the left ventricle? Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins 117 Which of the following statements regarding the image in Figure 2–4 is correct? The left kidney is more parallel to the IR. 118 All the following statements regarding respiratory structures are true except the inferior portion of the lung is the apex. 119 During GI radiography, the position of the stomach may vary depending on
120 During an upper gastrointestinal (GI) examination, a stomach of average shape demonstrates a barium-filled fundus and double contrast of the pylorus and duodenal bulb. The position used is most likely 121 Differences between body habitus types are likely to affect all the following except the degree of bone porosity. 122 Which of the following groups of organs/structures are located in the left upper quadrant? Left kidney, left suprarenal gland, and gastric fundus 123 Another name for Hirschsprung's disease, the most common cause of lower GI obstruction in neonates, is 124 The patient's chin should be elevated during chest radiography to avoid superimposition on the apices 125 Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding the position illustrated in Figure 2–19?
126 In which of the following positions was the radiograph in Figure 2–9 taken? 127 All the following procedures demonstrate renal function except 128 Which of the following are characteristics of the hypersthenic body type?
129 The image shown in Figure 7–4 was made in the following recumbent position 130 Abdominal viscera located in the retroperitoneum include the
131 Which of the following conditions require(s) a decrease in technical factors?
132 The PA chest analog image shown in the figure below demonstrates
133 Which of the following radiographic examinations require(s) the patient to be NPO 8–10 hours prior to examination for proper patient preparation?
134 The patient usually is required to drink barium sulfate suspension in order to demonstrate which of the following structures?
135 Demonstration of which anatomic structures require(s) ingestion of barium sulfate suspension?
136 Types of inflammatory bowel disease include
137 All the following positions are used frequently to demonstrate the sternoclavicular articulations except 138 Which of the following will best demonstrate the size and shape of the liver and kidneys? 139 Which of the following pathologic conditions would require an increase in exposure factors? 140 The pain experienced by an individual whose coronary arteries are not conveying sufficient blood to the heart is called 141 Particulate matter entering the respiratory bronchi can cause 142 Abnormal accumulation of air in pulmonary tissues, resulting in overdistention of the alveolar spaces, is 143 Which of the following procedures requires that the patient be placed in the lithotomy position? 144 Which of the following positions can be used to effectively demonstrate the left colic flexure during radiographic examination of the large bowel?
145 Which cholangiographic procedure uses an indwelling drainage tube for contrast medium administration? 146 When a GI series has been requested on a patient with a suspected perforated ulcer, the type of contrast medium that should be used is water-soluble iodinated media. 147 The esophagus commences at about the level of 148 Which of the following positions may be used to effectively demonstrate the hepatic flexure during radiographic examination of the large bowel? 2. LAO 3. LPO 149 A patient in a recumbent position with the head lower than the feet is said to be in which of the following positions? 150 Which of the following criteria are used to evaluate a PA projection of the chest? 2. Sternoclavicular joints should be symmetrical. 3. The scapulae should be lateral to the lung fields. 151 In which of the following examinations is exposure on full expiration required? 152 The number 1 in the radiograph in Figure A represents which of the following renal structures? 153 In which of the following positions was the radiograph in Figure A taken? 154 An acute infection of the lungs is called 155 Compared with that of the hypersthenic and sthenic body types, the gallbladder of an asthenic patient is most likely to be located 156 Correct preparation for a patient scheduled for a lower GI series is most likely to be cathartics and cleansing enemas. 157 Gas-producing powder or crystals usually are ingested for which of the following examinations? Double-contrast gastrointestinal (GI) series 158 Esophageal varices are best demonstrated in which of the following positions? 159 A near-frontal (AP/PA) view of the sternum is best accomplished in which of the following positions? 160 Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding the radiograph shown in Figure 6–16? 161 During an air-contrast BE, in what part of the colon is air most likely to be visualized with the body in the AP recumbent position? 162 The condition that allows blood to shunt between the right and left ventricles is called ventricular septal defect. 163 To demonstrate esophageal varices, the patient must be examined in 164 To best visualize the lower ribs, the exposure should be made 165 The AP axial projection of the chest for pulmonary apices
166 Which of the following projections of the abdomen may be used to demonstrate air or fluid levels? 2. Lateral decubitus 3. AP Trendelenburg
167 The plane that passes vertically through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior halves, is termed the 168 Which of the following positions is required to demonstrate small amounts of fluid in the pleural cavity? Lateral decubitus, affected side down 169 Which of the following statements is (are) true with regard to the two CT images seen below?
170 The sternal angle is at approximately the same level as the 171 The uppermost portion of the iliac crest is at approximately the same level as the 172 Which of the following examinations might require the use of 120 kVp? 2. Chest radiograph 3. Barium-filled stomach 173 During an intravenous urogram (IVU), the RPO position is used to demonstrate the
174 Double-contrast examinations of the stomach or large bowel are performed to better visualize the 175 What is the structure indicated by the number 7 in Figure 2–18?
176 The manubrial notch is at approximately the same level as the 177 The act of inspiration will cause elevation of the 178 Using the PA projection, which of the following tube angle and direction combinations is correct for an axial projection of the clavicle? 179 The structure indicated by the number 2 in Figure 6–11 is the 180 The AP Trendelenburg position is often used during an upper GI examination to demonstrate 181 The radiograph pictured in Figure A may be used to evaluate 1. polypoid lesions. 2. the lateral wall of the descending colon. 3. the posterior wall of the rectum. 182 Which of the anatomic structures listed below is seen most anteriorly in a lateral projection of the chest? 183 Blood is returned to the left atrium, from the lungs, via the 184 High-kilovoltage exposure factors are usually
required for radiographic examinations using 2. a negative contrast agent. 3. barium sulfate. 185 Which of the following is a vessel that does not carry oxygenated blood? 186 Which of the following positions is obtained with the patient lying supine on the radiographic table with the CR directed horizontally to the iliac crest? Dorsal decubitus position 187 All of the following statements regarding respiratory structures are true except the right lung has two lobes. 188 The ileocecal valve normally is located in which of the following body regions? 189 Which of the following statements is (are) correct with respect to postoperative cholangiography?
190 The position illustrated in the figure below can be used successfully to demonstrate the
191 The position illustrated in the radiograph in Figure 2–28 may be obtained with the patient
192 Ingestion of barium sulfate is contraindicated in which of the following situations?
193 Which of the following statements is/are true regarding Figure A? 1. The radiograph was made in the LAO position. 2. The central ray should enter more inferiorly. 3. The sternum is projected onto the left side of the thorax. Which of the following positions will move the fundus of the gallbladder shown in Figure 7/6 away from the superimposed transverse process?Terms in this set (7) Which of the following positions will move the fundus of the gallbladder shown in Figure 7-6 away from the superimposed transverse process? B. The gallbladder may be moved away from the spine by using the LAO position.
Which of the following positions may be used to effectively demonstrate the hepatic flexure during radiographic examination of the large bowel?Which of the following positions can be used to effectively demonstrate the left colic flexure during radiographic examination of the large bowel? right and left lateral decubitus abdomen.
What is the position of the stomach in a Hypersthenic patient?Heavily build hypersthenic individuals with short thorax and long abdomen are likely to have stomach that is placed in higher position and more transversally. In persons with a slender asthenic physique, the stomach is located lower and more vertical.
Which of the following positions gives the best image of the pyloric canal and the duodenal bulb?The right lateral projection commonly affords the best image of the pyloric canal and the duodenal bulb in patients with a hypersthenic habitus.
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