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Terms in this set (49)A group sharing apparent physical traits deemed by society to be socially significant is referred to as: a. Race b. Ethnicity c. Class d. Gender a A group's national origin, language, and cultural or religious practices are referred to as: a. Culture b. Race c. Ethnicity d. Nationality c Which of the following would not be considered an indicator of ethnicity? a. Skin color b. Language spoke at home c. Holidays celebrated d. Traditional meals prepared a Less powerful groups who are dominated politically and economically by a dominant group are referred to as: a. Racial groups b. Ethnic groups c. Minorities d. Socially marginalized groups c Social forces that encourage migrants to leave their home countries are referred to as: a. Push factors b. Driving factors c. Expulsions d. Pull factors a Which of the following would be considered the most tolerant policy used toward a minority group? a. Assimilation b. Segregation c. Cultural pluralism d. Expulsion c The process of forcibly removing people from one part of the country to another is referred to as: a. Genocide b. Expulsion c. Exile d. Expatriation b The practice of spatially or socially separating people on the basis of race or ethnicity is referred to as: a. Expulsion b. Apartheid c. Exclusion d. Segregation d Which of the following is not considered a reason that segregation persists in the United States? a. It is still legal and commonplace to segregate housing markets by income. b. Laws are not always followed by realtors and lenders. c. White residents tend to move out after a certain number of minorities move in. d. Ethnic and racial minorities do not wish to live in integrated communities. d Which of the following is associated with living in a minority segregated neighborhood? a. Higher-quality schools b. Lower proximity to hazardous waste facilities c. Less instances of food deserts d. Higher rates of poverty d The coexistence of different racial and ethnic groups characterized by acceptance and respect for one another's differences is referred to as: a. Cultural relativism b. Social tolerance c. Cultural pluralism d. Ethnic pluralism c Institutionalized relationships between dominant and minority groups that create a structure of economic, social, and political inequality based on socially constructed racial or ethnic categories is referred to as what? a. White supremacy b. Racism c. Ethnocentrism d. Bigotry b Forces that draw migrants to a given country are referred to as: a. Expulsions b. Impulsions c. Push factors d. Pull factors d From a conflict perspective, which of the following would be an explanation for why racism persists? a. Discrimination ensures that those with the most perseverance and hardest work ethic fill the most important roles. b. Relying on stereotypes helps people navigate the world more efficiently. c. Policies that encourage integration or diversity are ineffective and ill-advised. d. Whether consciously or unconsciously, whites benefit from a system that puts people of color at a disadvantage. d Which of the following is not a characteristic of minority groups, as outlined by Louis Wirth? a. Membership in the minority group is essentially involuntary. b. Minority status is a question not of numbers but of control of valued resources. c. If they work hard enough, minorities can access the same privileges of mobility or opportunity enjoyed by the dominant group. d. Membership in the minority group conditions the treatment of group members by others in society. c Interactions between those who are stigmatized and those who are members of the dominant, non-stigmatized group are referred to as: a. Stigma-dominant interactions b. Mixed contacts c. Mixed interactions d. Diversified contacts b A belief about an individual or a group that is not subject to change on the basis of evidence is referred to as: a. Discrimination b. Racism c. Prejudice d. Personal opinion c A set of characteristics that is generalized to all members of a group is referred to as: a. Race b. Ethnicity c. Social category d. Stereotype d The unequal treatment of individuals on the basis of their membership in a group is referred to as: a. Racism b. Discrimination c. Prejudice d. Ethnocentrism b Which of the following is not an example of institutional discrimination? a. Federal Housing Administration manuals that redlined nonwhite neighborhoods as too "high risk" for lending b. Underwriting practices that result in black families being offered subprime loans at a higher rate than similarly situated white families c. A landlord who does not return phone calls to people with last names that "sound" Latino d. Check-cashing and payday loan establishments outnumbering accredited banking institutions in poor, urban neighborhoods c Various state laws that prohibit incarcerated inmates, parolees, people on probation, and ex-felons from voting are referred to as: a. Disenfranchisement b. Political marginalization c. Ex-offender treatises d. Conditions of parole a Which of the following is not a health outcome associated with prejudice and discrimination? a. Low birth weight b. Higher rates of infant mortality c. Higher rates of disability d. Lower rates of obesity d The study of communities and their social status, practices, and problems to understand patterns of health and disease is referred to as: a. Racial medical history b. Social epidemiology c. Sociobiology d. Social immunology b Which of the following is not considered a reason that the genocidal efforts of white settlers were effective? a. U.S. government used environmental policies to hurt indigenous livelihoods, such as their access to food sources b. White settlers utilized superior weaponry c. Most Native American tribes did not fight back against white invasion d. Europeans brought germs and disease that indigenous people were not immune or couldn't treat c Which of the following is not considered a reason slavery persisted in the United States? a. Wealthy Southern slave owners used their economic and political capital to block abolitionist laws. b. African slaves were content to serve their masters and did not organize slave revolts. c. Laws were passed that forced runaway slaves in the north to be returned to the south. d. Scientific racism was used to demonstrate that slaves were mentally and physically inferior. b Which of the following is considered the largest minority group in the United States? c Which of the following is not characteristic of Latinos/as as a minority group? a. They are a diverse group, with roots in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. b. The Spanish language is a major part of their ethnic heritage. c. Because of immigration barriers, they are the slowest growing minority group in the United States. d. Immigrant success and acceptance by dominant U.S. culture is significantly influenced by country of origin. c In the United States during World War II, the property of Japanese Americans was confiscated and they were forcibly placed in: a. Prison b. Internment camps c. Detention centers d. Concentration camps b Which of the following is not characteristic of Asian Americans as a minority group? a. Recent immigrants come from higher socioeconomic backgrounds and bring greater financial resources. b. Many form informal community-based lending organizations that move capital between family and kinship networks. c. They experience the lowest rates of divorce, teenage pregnancy, and unemployment. d. All Asian American immigrant groups achieve similar levels of success, regardless of country of origin. d A racial or ethnic group with higher levels of achievement than the general population in areas such as education and income is referred to as: a. Atypical minority b. Asterotypical group c. Model minority d. Ideal minority type c Certain social or economic benefits or advantages that come with being white that often go unrecognized are referred to as: a. Manifest destiny b. White opportunity c. Reverse racism d. White privilege d Although sociologically constructed, race is a concept that sociologists consider real in that it is real in its consequences. TRUE Genetically all human beings are nearly identical. Less than 0.01% of the total gene pool contributes to racial differences. TRUE Although not scientifically significant, race is a socially constructed concept and significant category. TRUE Racism cannot be analyzed from a functionalist perspective because by definition, it marginalizes some members of a society or community. TRUE Although the Southern states clearly benefitted economically from slave labor, industrialization in the North would have been just as successful without slavery. FALSE _____ refers to the absorption of minority groups into dominant culture, while _____ reflects when minority groups retain their distinct cultural identity. a. Adaptation, cultural relativism b. Assimilation, cultural pluralism c. Adaptation, cultural pluralism d. Melting pot, salad bowl b A _____ is an attribute that discredits individuals because it overshadows other attributes and merits the individual may possess. a. stigma b. stereotype c. typecast d. character flaw a _____ discrimination refers to overt and intentional unequal treatment, often based on prejudicial beliefs, while _____ discrimination is enshrined in law, public policy, or common practice. a. Personal, structural b. Individual, institutional c. Individual, structural d. Prejudicial, structural b Demographers predict that non-whites will constitute a numeric majority nationwide by _____. a. 2015 b. 2020 c. 2100 d. 2040 d Anthropologists estimate that European genocide decimated the American Indian population from roughly _____ to 600,000 people. a. 2 million b. 20 million c. 10 million d. 4 million b _____ stereotypes can be considered functional in the sense that dominant groups can use them as justification to exploit a minority group. a. Positive b. Explicit c. Racist d. Negative d _____ families were disproportionately harmed during the housing crisis of the Great Recession because of subprime lending. a. White b. Middle class c. African American d. Immigrant c If not for _____, population growth in the United States would stagnate. a. High birth rates among whites b. High birth rates among African Americans c. Migration d. Birth control policies c Which of the following is not a characteristic of minorities? a. Minority status is based on group population size. b. Minorities often face discrimination because of some socially significant characteristic. c. Minorities often lack access to political and economic resources that the dominant group controls. d. They may react to social conflict via social movements, rebellion, or revolution. a Which of the following is not an example of white privilege? a. Whites are more likely to be represented in the mass media. b. During segregation, whites faced little competition in school and the workplace from nonwhites. c. Whites never face economic hardship or poverty. d. Majority white neighborhoods are less likely to be heavily policed than majority nonwhite neighborhoods. c According to sociologists, racist or discriminatory acts are predated by prejudicial beliefs. TRUE
Positive stereotypes, such as "All members of X group are good at Y," are not considered racist or to have negative outcomes. FALSE Which of the following is not an example of individual discrimination? a. Calling someone a racial slur in a comment on Facebook. b. Creating a "parody" Twitter account that mocks a person of another race. c. A white person blocking any messages that come from a non-white person on an online dating site. d. Less funding for computers and technology going to libraries in Black neighborhoods. d Other sets by this creatorSMI Midterm35 terms madsdemyan Ch.5 Questions21 terms madsdemyan Ch.4 Questions31 terms madsdemyan Ch.3 Questions40 terms madsdemyan Verified questions
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