Which of the following elements of the personality can be described as impulsive and selfish

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Terms in this set (13)

A predisposition towards developing a disorder

a. is called a diathesis.
b. necessarily is a psycho-social stressor.
c. necessarily is biological.
d. increases the likelihood of developing any given disorder by 50%.

a. is called a diathesis.

Suppose that low self-esteem is a diathesis for developing depression later in life. This means that

a. people who currently are depressed will have low self-esteem.
b. people with low self-esteem have a predisposition for developing depression.
c. low self-esteem is a proximal trigger for depression.
d. the psychological processes associated with low self-esteem are the trigger for depression.

b. people with low self-esteem have a predisposition for developing depression.

When psychologists say that a person shows resilience it means

a. the person can successfully adapt and survive in threatening circumstances.
b. the person has not been faced with significant stressors.
c. recovering from traumatic events without the need for psychological protective factors.
d. that regardless of the stresses the person faces, they will feel no emotional distress.

a. the person can successfully adapt and survive in threatening circumstances.

Finding meaning in life and dealing with purpose form core values in which perspective?

a. Psychoanalytic
b. Behavioral
c. Existential/Humanistic
d. Object Relations

c. Existential/Humanistic

The site of communication between two neurons is the

a. nucleus.
b. synapse
c. vesicle.
d. neurotransmitter.

b. synapse

Which of the following elements of the personality can be described as impulsive and selfish?

a. superego.
b. ideal self.
c. ego.
d. id.

d. id.

id= instincts; drives; sexual; aggression

super-ego= morals

ego= realistic part; decides btwn id and superego

Freud's view of mental disorders was that they were a result of

a. problematic tendencies we develop while dealing with our early interpersonal environments.
b. unresolved conflicts between the id, the ego and the superego.
c. genetic abnormalities that influence people's ability to cope with their environment.
d. learned maladaptive behaviors that were rewarded with attention.

b. unresolved conflicts between the id, the ego and the superego.

Newer psychodynamic perspectives

a. emphasize the role of the id.
b. recognize intrapsychic conflicts as a primary determinant of behavior.
c. do not view the libido as a primary determinant of behavior.
d. disregard most elements of Freud's theories.

c. do not view the libido as a primary determinant of behavior.

After being bitten by a dog, Jose finds that he feels afraid whenever he sees a dog. In classical conditioning terms, the dog can be described as a(n)

a. unconditioned response.
b. conditioned response.
c. unconditioned stimulus.
d. conditioned stimulus.

d. conditioned stimulus

Due to ________, we can learn from the experiences of others.

a. instrumental conditioning.
b. generalization.
c. observational learning.
d. classical conditioning.

c. observational learning.

Behaviorists suggest maladaptive behavior can be a result of

a. lack of generalization of behaviors.
b. extinction.
c. failure to learn adaptive behaviors.
d. a poor response-outcome expectancy.

c. failure to learn adaptive behaviors.

Cognitive-behavioral psychologists believe that abnormal behavior

a. consists of learned maladaptive response patterns.
b. results from distorted thinking and information processing.
c. results from neurotic thought processes.
d. results from impaired patterns of interpersonal relationships.

b. results from distorted thinking and information processing.

A psychologist who studied the relationship between sociocultural factors and mental disorders would be most likely to study

a. peer rejection and attributional style.
b. poverty and racial discrimination.
c. parenting style and self-schemas.
d. assimilation and accommodation.

b. poverty and racial discrimination.

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Which part of the mind houses the ego?

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the id is the primitive and instinctual part of the mind that contains sexual and aggressive drives and hidden memories, the super-ego operates as a moral conscience, and the ego is the realistic part that mediates between the desires of the id and the super-ego.

Which of the following characteristics relates to the superego?

The superego has the following characteristics: It forms during early childhood, between ages 3-5. It houses the sense of right and wrong. It is the internalized voice of parents and the immediate society (cultural morality). It represents authority and cultural rules.

What does Freud mean by identification?

According to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, the id is the personality component made up of unconscious psychic energy that works to satisfy basic urges, needs, and desires.

Is the final personality structure to develop in childhood?

The last component of personality to develop is the superego. According to Freud, the superego begins to emerge at around age five.