Which approach emphasizes the importance of providing patients with feelings of unconditional positive regard?

ANALYTIC - Cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) is a system of treatment in which the therapist helps the patient to understand why things have gone wrong in the past and explores how to make sure that they don’t go wrong in the future.  In simple terms, what it seeks to do is to apply the step-by-step pragmatism of cognitive therapy to some of the ideas of the more analytic approach of psychodynamic psychotherapy. (See Psychoanalytic Therapy for more details).

BEHAVIORAL - employs learning theory to effect changes in behavior. It is usually symptom focused as opposed to working on unconscious material. Unlearning unwanted behaviors (even thoughts and feelings can be viewed as behaviors) and learning desired behaviors is the work of behavior therapy.

BIOFEEDBACK - Biofeedback is a technique used to enhance relaxation and gain voluntary control of physiological processes such as muscle tension, heart rate, and blood pressure.  Relaxation training has consistently been shown to assist and alleviate chronic pain, and the treatment of disorders exacerbated by stress.  This may include: headaches, hypertension, insomnia, gastro-intestinal distress.

COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY - seeks to alter habitual maladaptive thought patterns. Unrealistic expectations, wishful thinking, living in the past (or future) and over generalizing can all lead to disappointment and frustration. Cognitive therapy emphasizes a rational and positive world view. It has proven to be especially effective with anxiety and depression.

ECLECTIC THERAPY - although not a formal school of thought, it is the use of a combination of approaches or theoretical orientations. It is used by most therapists. There are many different blends. It is a recognition that individuals may benefit from a variety of techniques.  The eclectic approach can be flexible and adaptive and avoid forcing treatment into one size fits all limitations. It is necessary that the therapist be well grounded in several of the more orthodox approaches to treatment rather than using bits and pieces through a lack of familiarity.

EXISTENTIAL THERAPY - Originally rooted in existential philosophy, this therapy focuses on understanding one's existence in terms of his/her conscious experience.  Another key aspect of existential therapy is helping clients to establish meaning in his/her life.  One's freedom is thought to arise from making choices and an existential psychologist can help one determine if he/she is making healthy or unhealthy choices.  By examining one's choices, one also has the responsibility to take a particular direction in his/her life.

FAMILY SYSTEMS THERAPY - A therapeutic approach that understands a person is part of a larger system.  This approach focuses on productively changing the communication, emotional reactions, and relationships  between two or more persons in a family or other system.  The therapist can work with just one individual, however, the therapist usually works with spouses, parents, in-laws, children, and other family members, as well as others in school, work, church, or community.  It tends to view change in terms of the systems of interaction between family members. It emphasizes family relationships as an important factor in psychological health.

GROUP THERAPY - Treatment of individuals through the interactions of 5-10 members of a group.  Groups are considered closed groups when they begin and end with the same members (each member enters group together, and remains together for the duration of the group).  Groups are considered open when new members are introduced to the group each week and thus leave the groups at different times.  Groups can be supportive, therapeutic, or educational in nature.  Theories utilizing individual behavior and group interactions assist in the process of therapeutic change.

HYPNOSIS - A procedure therapists use to suggest one change their experience of sensation, perception, thoughts, or behaviors.  Hypnosis can be used to treat chronic pain, depression, anxiety, phobias, stress, habit disorders (e.g. gambling, smoking, etc.), gastro-intestinal disorders, post-operative recovery, nausea, and many other conditions.

HUMANISTIC THERAPY - Emphasis is on the whole person.  There is less importance placed on the environment as determining behavior.  Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers are two notable psychologists in the development of Humanistic psychology.  Maslow stated that humans have a hierarchy of needs: survival, safety, love, belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization.  Carl Rogers' client centered approach focuses on supporting the client with unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and focusing the therapy on the client.

INTERPERSONAL THERAPY (IPT) - Used to treat depression and other conditions as well as to improve interpersonal relationships.  This treatment modality focuses on interpersonal disputes/conflicts, transitions that one may be facing, an well as grief that extends beyond normal bereavement period.  IPT is a brief therapy that typically involves 20 sessions or less and is structured.  While benefits of this therapy differ from person to person, research has shown that IPT is similar in effectiveness as anti-depressants for brief treatment of depression.  However, other treatments may be more beneficial for chronic depression.

MARITAL THERAPY - This is modality of therapy involves a couple involved in a committed relationship.  This therapy provides a safe place where couples can talk and work through their issues.  The therapist can help the couple develop new, better, and more efficient ways of communicating and conflict resolution.  The therapist can also intervene to help the couple see and respect each other's point of view.

MULTIMODAL THERAPY - A therapeutic approach that treats and changes clients' problems in one of seven modalities and the interaction between these modalities.  These modalities include: behavior, affect/emotion, sensation, imagery, cognition/thought, interpersonal relationships, and drugs/biology.

NEUROFEEDBACK - A form of biofeedback.  The information collected is related to the electrical activity in several parts of the brain.  Research has indicated that neurofeedback helps people learn how to manage ADD/ADHD.  Neurofeedback can also be used after a traumatic brain injury to cognitively re-train the brain.

NEUROPSYCHOLOGY - The applied scientific discipline that studies the structure and function of the brain related to specific psychological processes and overt behaviors. The term neuropsychology has been applied to lesion studies in humans and animals.

PSYCHOANALYTIC THERAPY - is the personality theory and psychotherapeutic approach pioneered by Sigmund Freud. Freud is known as the father of psychoanalysis. However, today psychoanalytic therapy differs from the Classical Freudian style. Psychologists that use this theory today help clients to interpret his/her unconscious wishes and motives and the conflict that one feels.  This can assist the client in alleviating his/her symptoms and helping the client have a greater understanding of his/her self. The approach emphasizes making the unconscious conscious and thereby giving the individual choices in life rather than being at the whim of unknown forces within themselves. Most practice theories today however still at times use or focus on free association, defense mechanisms, resistance, interpretations of dreams, fantasies, and unconscious motives.

PSYCHODYNAMIC THERAPY - A form of depth psychology, the primary focus of which is to reveal the unconscious content of a client's psyche in an effort to alleviate psychic tension.  In this way it is similar to psychoanalysis, however, psychodynamic therapy tends to be more brief and less intensive than psychoanalysis. It also relies on the interpersonal relationship between client and therapist more than other forms of depth psychology. In terms of approach, this form of therapy also tends to be more eclectic than others, taking techniques from a variety of sources, rather than relying on a single system of intervention.

Which theory of counseling emphasizes the notion of unconditional positive regard?

What is unconditional positive regard in person centered therapy?

How do you show unconditional positive regard in therapy?

What are the principles of Rogers unconditional positive regard?