If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Instructions written in 0's and 1's are called ________ language When writing ________ program, the programmer concentrates on the major tasks needed to accomplish a goal. When writing a _______ program, the programmer breaks up a problem into interacting objects. Most high-level languages use a(n) _________ to translate the instructions into a language that the computer can understand What are the three basic control structures (pillars of programming) sequence, selection, and repetition All programs contain the _______ structure The step-by-step instructions that accomplish a task are called a(n) ________. The ________ structure ends when a condition has been met. The ________ structure, also called the decision structure, instructs the computer to make a decision and then take some action based on the result of the decision. programming languages whose instructions more closely resemble the English language giving a mechanism the directions to accomplish a task The recipe instruction "Beat until smooth" is an example of the ________ structure. The set of instructions for adding together two numbers is an example of the _________ structure Which control structure would an algorithm use to determine whether a credit card holder is over his limit? Which control structure would an algorithm use to calculate a 5% commission for each of a company's salespeople? the process of translating the solution What are the four components of a computer? Input Output Processing Storage program languages that use mnemonics such as ADD for addition items needed to achieve a programs goal the goal of solving the problem; the items the user wants to display an intermediate value that the algorithm uses when processing the input into the output What is another name for desk-checking? True or False: each instruction in an algorithm begins with a verb What are the four central ideas of computational thinking? Abstraction Decomposition Pattern Recognition Algorithms the process of ignoring most details process of breaking down a problem to find a product Unambiguous, ordered steps, that are executable and halting List 5 tools that can be used for algorithms Flow chart Pseudo code IPO Chart Truth Tables Trace Tables What are the two types of Memory Locations that a programmer can declare? 1. Variable 2. Named Constant True or False: text can be used in calculations? a memory location whose value can change during runtime a memory location whose value cannot be changed during runtime What's an example of camel case? How many items can a memory location store at a time? What are the four rules for variable declarations? Must begin with a letter Cannot contain a space Cannot contain punctuation Cannot be a keyword Cannot contain a special character True or False: strings are a fundamental data type in C++ False. It is a user-defined data type List the fundamental data types in C++ short int float double bool char What is the difference between a float and a double? A float only has 7 digits of precision while a double has 15 What digits are used in the decimal number system? What is the base number for the binary number system? What does ASCII stand for? American Standard Code for Information Interchange it assigns a specific numeric code to each character on your keyboard Are characters and strings both enclosed by quotation marks? Yes, but characters use one quotation instead of two. an item of data that appears in a program instruction and can be stored in a memory location What is the difference between bools and other fundamental data types? They are assigned keywords, not literal constants What is it called when C++ changes a double set to 9 to a value of 9.0 What keyword is used to declare a variable whose value cannot change after declaration? What converts instructions from a high-level language into machine code? What are the three types of a memory location? name data type initial value True or False: All statements in C++ must end in a semi-colon The rules you must follow when using a programming language a sequence of characters in C++ What is >> called in C++? What are cin and cout considered in a C++ program? What is << called in C++? What is an example of a stream manipulator? What are promotions and demotions of variables called? implicit type conversions What are the instructions you enter into a text editor? It combines the object file with other machine code necessary to make a C++ program run correctly. It takes your code an produces an executable file that can run What are statements like #include called? What does the #include statement do? It merges the source code from one file with the source code from another True or False: a using directive is a statement in C++ True. It must be followed by a semi-colon What is an example of a function header? What is a special area in a computers memory? an instruction that tells the computer where it can find the definitions of keywords and classes What's another name for a selection structure? single-alternative selection structure Most programmers use the words ______ to denote the end of a selection structure in pseudocode True or False: the true path in a selection structure can only contain one instruction. What is the difference between a single-alternative selection structure and a dual-alternative selection structure? Dual-alternatives selections structures have a true and false path as opposed to just a true path Do if statements always require braces? No. They only need braces if they contain more than one statement operators comparing two values of the same data type comparison or relational operators What must be done before the values of two variables can be properly swapped? A temporary variable must be made What is the opposite of the > operator? operators that allow you to combine two or more conditons Logical operators (also called boolean operators) table that summarizes how the computer evaluates the logical operators in an expression What do truth tables use to evaluate sub-conditions? The compound condition true || false will evaluate to ________. The compound condition 7 > 3 && 5 < 2 will evaluate to? The compound condition 5 * 4 < 20 || true will evaluate to? What function converts a character to uppercase? lowercase? an item that appears between parentheses in a functions syntax How many decimal points does the fixed stream manipulator designate? What are three errors commonly made when writing selection structures? Using a compound condition rather than a nested selection structure Reversing the outer and nested decisions Using an unnecessary nested selection structure selection structures containing several alternatives multiple-alternative selection structures List three components associated with the switch statement selector expression case value break statement What data types can a selector expression be? bool, char, short, int, or long ordered set of records with summary records that output when the control field (what you sort by) changes When a variable's name contains two or more words most C++ programmers enter the name using what type of notation?Many programmers prefer to use all lowercase letters for their variable names. If the name requires two words (for example, my car), two popular conventions are used: my_car or myCar. The latter form is called camel notation because the capitalization looks something like a camel's hump.
Which of the following is a set of step by step instructions that accomplish a task?A set of step-by-step procedures for accomplishing a task is known as a(n) algorithm.. An algorithm is a well-defined procedure that allows a computer to solve a problem.. |
When writing a(n program, the programmer breaks up a problem into interacting objects)
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