What does the shoulder girdle consist of Show
What does the shoulder girdle articulate with Head of humerus (shoulder joint) Manubrium of sternum (Sternoclavicular joint) or SC joint Acromioclavicular joint or AC joint What are the functions of the shoulder girdle To connect the upper limb to the trunk of the body What is not considered to be part of the shoulder girdle What is the shoulder joint classified as by function What is the shoulder joint classified as by anatomy (structure) What type of joint is the shoulder joint Ball and socket, capable of all motions What type of bone is the clavicle classified as What rib does the clavicle lie just above What does the acromial extremity (lateral end) of the clavicle articulate with Articulates with the acromion of the scapula (AC joint) What does the sternal extremity (medial end) of the clavicle articulate with Articulates with manubrium of the sternum (SC joint) Who has more of a curve in the clavicles males or females What kind of bone is the scapula classified as Does the scapula form the anterior or posterior portion of the shoulder girdle What shape does the scapula resemble What are the two surfaces for the scapula Costal (anterior) Dorsal (posterior) What are the three borders of the scapula Lateral, medial, superior What are the three angles of the scapula Superior, inferior, lateral What are two radiation protection measures Close collimation Optimum technique factors What projection of the shoulder may use a breathing technique Transthoracic lateral projection (low mA with long exposure time) What are the essential projections for a shoulder AP projection AP oblique (Grashey method) Transthoracic lateral (Lawrence method) Inferosuperior axial (Lawrence method) PA oblique (scapular Y) Where is the CR for an AP projection internal rotation of the shoulder enters patient 1 inch inferior to the coracoid process AP shoulder - internal rotation For an AP projection internal rotation of the shoulder what tubercle should be seen in profile and pointing medially For an AP projection internal rotation of the shoulder what tubercle is superimposing the humeral head Where is the CR for an AP projection external rotation of the shoulder 1 inch inferior to the coracoid process AP shoulder - external rotation What projection of the shoulder shows the humeral head in profile AP projection - external rotation For an AP projection external rotation of the shoulder what tubercle is in profile on the lateral aspect of the humerus What joint should be visualized with slight overlap of the humeral head on the glenoid cavity on a projection of an AP shoulder external rotation For an AP projection neutral position of the shoulder how should the patient rest the palm of their hand Against the thigh to place the epicondyles at a 45° angle to the IR Where is the CR for an AP projection neutral position of a shoulder 1 inch inferior to the coracoid process For an AP oblique (Grashey) what is the degrees for the position Where is the CR for an AP oblique shoulder (Grashey) Perpendicular to the glenoid cavity For an AP oblique shoulder (Grashey) what open joint space should we see Open joint space between the humeral head and glenoid cavity What projection of the shoulder is used for trauma patients who cannot rotate or abduct the arm Transthoracic lateral (Lawrence method) What is the CR for a transthoracic lateral shoulder Enters midcoronal plane at surgical neck (if shoulders are in the same plane, the CR is angled 10 to 15° cephalad) If possible, how should the arm be placed for an inferosuperior axial projection of the shoulder (Lawrence method) Place arm in external rotation How should the image receptor be placed for a supine inferosuperior axial projection of the shoulder Where is the CR for an inferosuperior axial projection of a shoulder Enters axilla; passes through AC joint Inferosuperior axial projection Which projection of the shoulder shows the coracoid process, and lesser tubercle pointing/directed anteriorly Inferosuperior axial projection
Why is the PA oblique projection also known as scapular Y Because when properly positioned, the acromion and coracoid process form a Y shape What position of the shoulder is particularly useful to diagnose shoulder dislocations What is the degree of angle for a PA oblique (scapular Y) shoulder Where is the CR for a PA oblique (scapular Y) shoulder Perpendicular to the scapulohumeral joint What things should be superimposed on a PA oblique (scapular Y) shoulder projection Humeral head and glenoid cavity Humeral shaft and scapular body What is the essential projection for an AC joint AP projection (Pearson method) What is an AP projection of the AC joint also known as For an AP AC joint projection why does the patient need to be upright Because the supine position will reduce dislocation, if present What two exposures need to be made for an AP AC joint projection One without patients arms weighted One with weights affixed to patient’s arm Where is the CR for an AP AC joint projection Perpendicular to the midline of the body at the level of AC joint What are the essential projections for a clavicle Why are PA projections of the clavicle preferred Because of reduced OID and improved image quality. How are AP projections of the clavicle done With a patient in a recumbent position Where is the CR for an AP clavicle Perpendicular to midshaft clavicle For an AP/PA clavicle where should the lateral half of the clavicle be For an AP/PA clavicle where should the medial half of the clavicle be How is the patient positioned for an AP axial clavicle Upright, lordotic position, if possible (if lordotic position is not possible supine with the shoulders in the same plane) Where is the CR for an AP axial clavicle lordotic position Enters midshaft clavicle 0 to 15° cephalic Where is the central ray for an AP axial clavicle in the supine position Enters mid shaft of clavicle 15 to 30° cephalic For an AP axial clavicle the amount of angle varies with what Patient thickness (thinner patients equals more angle) For an AP/PA axial clavicle most of the clavicle needs to be projected above the what Ribs & scapula with the medial end overlapping the first or second rib What are the essential projections for the scapula For an AP scapula how is the arm positioned Abduct arm to right angle and flex elbow Where is the CR for an AP scapula Perpendicular to 2 inches inferior to the coracoid process For an AP scapula which portion of the scapula is free of superimposition from the ribs What is the degree of angle for a lateral scapula 45 to 60° anterior oblique position Can a posterior oblique position be used for a lateral scapula? Yes but the scapula will be magnified How is the patient positioned for a lateral scapula to demonstrate the acromion and coracoid process Flex elbow, and place back of the hand on posterior thorax (adjust to ensure humerus does not overlap scapula, bring arm across the anterior thorax and grasp opposite shoulder How is the patient positioned for a lateral scapula to demonstrate the body of the scapula Extend arm upward, and rest forearm on head OR Bring across anterior chest, grasp opposite shoulder Where is the CR for a lateral scapula Perpendicular to the medial border of the scapula Lateral scapula with arm across upper anterior thorax On a lateral scapula what borders are superimposed Lateral and medial borders The scapular notch is located on what border What is the lateral, thickened end of the scapular spine called What is the required patient position to demonstrate the left shoulder in a PA oblique scapular Y How is the affected arm positioned for the inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence method) Abducted to a right angle and in external rotation What is the CR angle and direction for the AP axial projection of the clavicle when the patient is positioned supine How is the affected upper limb positioned to demonstrate the acromion and coracoid on the lateral projection of the scapula Elbow flexed with the back of the hand resting on the posterior thorax What classification of bone is the scapula? What classification of bone is the clavicle? What is the name of the fossa in the anterior surface of the scapula? Which border of the scapula extends from the glenoid cavity to the inferior angle? Which border of the scapula extends from the superior angle to the inferior angle Of which part of the scapula is the acromion an extension? Where is the coracoid process located in reference to the body of the scapula? Which borders of the scapula unite to form the superior angle? Which borders of the scapula unite to form the inferior angle Where is the scapular notch located? Which joint is a ball and socket joint? Which portion of the scapula articulates with the humeral head? Which portion of the scapula articulates with the clavicle? When performing AP projections of the shoulder where should the central ray be directed? 1 inch inferior to the coracoid process With reference to the plane of the IR, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder with the shoulder in external rotation? With reference to the plane of the IR, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder with the shoulder in internal rotation? With reference to the plane of the IR, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder with the shoulder in neutral position? 45 degrees medial oblique Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the greater tubercle of the humerus in profile? AP projection with external rotation Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the humeral head in profile? AP projection with external rotation Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the lesser tubercle of the humerus in profile and pointing toward the glenoid cavity? AP projection with internal rotation Which projection of the shoulder is being performed when the patient is supine with the right shoulder centered on the IR, a vertical central ray is being directed perpendicular to the center of the IR and the humeral epicondyles are parallel with the plane of the IR? AP projection with external rotation What should be adjusted from the regular procedure for the transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence method) of the humerus if the patient is unable to elevate the unaffected arm? Which projection of the upper limb should be performed to demonstrate a fracture of the proximal humerus when that arm can not be abducted? Transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence method) of the humerus When performing the transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence method) of the humerus, which breathing technique should be used? Suspended full inspiration Which projection of the shoulder requires that a horizontal central ray be directed 15-30 degrees medially and enter the axilla of the affected arm? Inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence method) What is the proper position of the humerus for the inferosuperior axial projection? Abducted to a right angle and externally rotated How should the central ray be directed for the PA oblique projection (scapular Y) of the shoulder? In which body position should the patient be placed to demonstrate the left shoulder with the PA oblique projection (scapular Y) Which projection of the shoulder joint requires the patient to be rotated until the midcoronal plane forms an angle of 45-60 degrees with the plane of the IR? PA oblique projection (scapular Y) Where is the humerus generally demonstrated on a PA oblique shoulder (scapular Y) image if the shoulder is normal? Superimposed on the junction of the acromion and coracoid process Where is the humeral head usually seen on a PA oblique (scapular Y) image if the shoulder is anteriorly dislocated? Beneath the coracoid process Which projection of the shoulder girdle is performed with the patient supine, an IR placed vertically against the superior surface of the shoulder, and the central ray angled 10-15 degrees posteriorly Tangential for the intertubercular (bicipital) groove Which projection demonstrates the scapulohumeral joint space open and the glenoid cavity in profile? AP oblique projection (grashey method) What would be the required patient position to demonstrate the left shoulder using the AP oblique projection (Grashey Method) If the patients condition permits, which joint should be demonstrated with the patient in an upright position? How many degrees and in which direction should the central ray be directed for the PA axial projection of the clavicle? How many degrees and in which direction should the central ray be for the AP axial projection of the clavicle with the patient supine? When performing the AP projection of the scapula, the central way should be directed toward a point, 2 inches WHAT to the coracoid process When performing a lateral projection of the scapula with the patient positioned RAO or LAO, approximately how much body rotation is necessary for the average patient? What is the angle for the AP axial clavicle?The clavicle series includes AP in the frontal or thoracic plane and AP with 20 to 30-degrees cephalic tilt.
What is the CR angle and direction for the AP axial projection of the clavicle when the patient is positioned supine?CR: 15°-30° cephalad to mid-clavicle. Thinner patients will require more angulation to project the clavicle off the scapula and ribs. For the standing lordotic position, 0°-15° is recommended. For the supine position, 15°-30° is recommended.
How many degrees should the CR be angled for an AP axial projection of the clavicle of an average patient?On an AP axial clavicle projection, the clavicle should be demonstrated superimposing the first and second posterior ribs. In order for this to be achieved on an AP axial clavicle projection, the central ray is angled 15- 30 degrees cephalic.
What type of CR angle is required for the AP axial projection?A 30-40 degree cephalad CR angle for the AP axial.
|
What is the proper Cr angle and direction for the AP axial projection of the clavicle?
zusammenhängende Posts
Urheberrechte © © 2024 ketiadaan Inc.
