What do we call the tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and?

the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

What do social psychologist study?

they focus on the

(or external things).  - they study the social influences that explain why the same person will act differently in different situations.

the theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation (external) or the person's disposition. (internal)

-a person's stable, enduring traits

-internal factors like personality

fundamental attribution error

the tendency for observers when analyzing others' behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation (external factors Ex: snow, rain) and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition (internal factors Ex: personality - mean, stupid, etc.)

feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events

peripheral route persuasion

one of the two forms of persuasion efforts -

occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness

Can our attributions to a persons disposition or the situation have real consequences?

Yes

-Ex:  you're a juror and you decide before hearing evidence that the person is guilty because he looks like he did it.

one of the two forms of persuasion efforts - occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

foot-in-the-door phenomenon

the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request

Ex:  to get people to agree to something big, start small and build

-a trivial act makes the next act easier

-give in to temptation, and you will find the next temptation harder to resist

-in the same way that bad behavior gets easier, the same is also true of good behavior - good behavior strengthens good behavior

a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

cognitive dissonance theory

the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent.  For example, when we become aware that our attitudes and our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes

What do social psychologist study?

Social psychologists focus on how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.  They study the social influences that explain why the same person will act differently in different situations.

How do we tend to explain others' behavior and our own?

When explaining others' behavior, we may commit the

When explaining our own behavior, we more readily attribute it to the influence of the situation.

Does what we think affect what we do, or does what we do affect what we think?

1.  Attitudes are feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in certain ways.

2.  Peripheral route persuasion used incidental cues (such as celebrity endorsement) to try to produce fast but relatively thoughtless changes in attitudes. 

3.  Central route persuasion offers evidence and arguments to trigger thoughtful responses.

4.  When other influence are minimal,, attitudes that are stable, specific, and easily recalled can affect our actions.            (continued next card)

Continued form previous card

5.  Actions can modify attitudes, as in the foot-in-the-door-phenomenon (complying with a large request after having agreed to a small request) and role playing (acting a social part by following guidelines for expected behavior)

6.  When our attitudes don't fit with our actions, cognitive dissonance theory suggests that we will reduce tension by changing our attitudes to match our actions.

What do we call the tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition?

fundamental attribution error

Which of the following best describes a feeling, often influenced by a belief, that predisposes one to respond in a particular way to people and events?

Which of the following best explains why we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent?

cognitive dissonance theory

Explain the fundamental attribution error:

Explain the difference between peripheral route persuasion and central route persuasion.

peripheral route persuasion focuses on (incidental cues) personality of the speaker and how it is delivered. (Ex:  endorsements by celebrities)

central route persuasion - focuses on fact and content of the message.  Produces less superficial changes and is more likely to influence behavior.

What do we call the tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation?

What do we call the tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the Imact of personal disposition?

What do we call the tendency when explaining someone's behavior we underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of the person's disposition?

What is the tendency to overestimate others agreement with us called?