Presentation on theme: "Socialization The lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture."— Presentation transcript: 1
Socialization The lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture Show
2 Social Experience Socialization Personality 3 Individual Personality
Development
4 Nature versus Nurture Heredity v. Social environment 5 Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs Theory: Seeks to explain human motivation 6 Heredity Include: Physical characteristics 7 Isolation in Childhood 8
9 There is an estimated 100,000 children institutionalized in Romania's orphanages (SoRelle). The children were placed in the orphanages for numerous reasons, but most will blame Ceausescu’s anti-abortion and child requirement laws. Ceausescu required that women have 5 children by the age of 45 before he would allow them birth control or abortions (SoRelle). However, during the child requirement laws
he was also exporting Romania's food to pay off the large national debt. Families were put in the position to have children that they couldn’t afford or feed. The unwanted children were sent to the state orphanages. As time went on it became more and more excepted to leave the unwanted children in the orphanages. It is so common to put your children in the orphanage that the parents visit once every 6 months the children are not considered to be abandoned at all
(Dunlop). The living conditions in the orphanages are most commonly compared to the Nazi concentration camps. 10 Social Isolation Effect on nonhuman primates: Harlows’ experiments
11 Birth Order Influenced By: 12 Parental Characteristics 13 Cultural Environment Influenced By:
14 Cultural Environment Influenced By: 15 Freud: Division of the Mind 16 Freud: Division of the Mind 17 Freud: Division of the Mind 18 Freud: Division
of the Mind
19 Sigmund Freud Elements of Personality 20 Sigmund Freud Elements of Personality
21 Freudian: Developmental Stages 22 Freudian: Developmental Stages 23 Freudian: Developmental Stages 24 Freudian: Developmental Stages 25 Freudian: Developmental Stages 26 Freudian: Developmental Stages 27 Freudian: Developmental Stages
28 Piaget: Cognitive Development 29 Infancy and Childhood Infancy } infant to
toddler 30 Physical Development Growth is rapid as an
infant 31 Motor/Perceptual Development 32 Cognitive Development
33 Cognitive Development
34 Cognitive Development 35 Cognitive Development 36 Jean Piaget Cognitive Development 37 Kohlberg: Moral Development 38 Kohlberg: Moral Development 39 Lawrence Kohlberg Moral Development
40 Erikson’s 8 Stages of Development 41 Psychosocial Development 42 Psychosocial
Development
43 Psychosocial Development 44 Eric H. Erickson Eight stages of development 45
Stage 5 - Adolescence: Gaining identity
46 Eric H. Erickson This theory views personality as a lifelong process and success at one stage prepares us for the
next challenge. Critics: Not everyone confronts the challenges in the same order. Not clear if failure to meet one challenge predicts failure in other stages Do other cultures share Erickson’s definition of successful life? 47 Carol Gilligan Gender
Factor 48 The Social Self Socialization: The interactive process through which people learn the basic skills, values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of society. Self: a conscious awareness of one’s distinct identity that separates you from other members of society.
49 People primarily use the following sources:
50 Mead: Role-Taking Mead also theorized how individuals develop the ability of role-taking. He established
the following 3-step process. Children at a very early age mimic the actions of others without knowing the meanings. Children then begin to “play” the roles of others and begin to see how the world sees people different from them Children at a later age begin to play games which necessitate them internalizing who and what they are supposed to be and do. They then see how “real-life” works.
51 George Herbert Mead Social Self 52 Mead Development of Self 53 Building on Social Experience George Herbert Mead described the development of the self as a process of gaining social experience. That is, the self develops as we expand our capacity to take the role of the other. 54 Locke: Tabula Rasa John Locke’s Tabula Rasa: 55 Tabula Rasa & Empiricism:
56 Cooley: The Looking-Glass Self
57 Cooley: The Looking-Glass Self 58 Agents of Socialization
59 The Family Most important agent Parental attention is very important 60 Agents of Socialization
61 Racially Mixed People across the United States 62
63 Agents of Socialization
64 Peer Groups Developing sense of self that goes beyond the family 65 Agents of Socialization
66 The School Experience diversity Hidden curriculum First bureaucracy 67 Agents of Socialization 68 Impersonal communications aimed at a vast audience
69 Television Ownership in Global Perspective 70 Agents of Socialization 71 The Life Cycle
72 The Life Course Childhood (birth through 12) The “hurried child” 73 In The Life of A teenager: 74 75 76 Global Map 5.1 Child Labor in Global Perspective 77 78 79 80 81
Adulthood 82 Dying 85% of Americans die after age 55.
83 Adulthood 84 The World of Work The composition of the American workplace is
changing. Will you have a job or a profession 85 The World of Work Will you have job satisfaction? 86 Late Adulthood Sociological stages of Old Age 87 Late Adulthood Physical and Mental Functioning 88 Late
Adulthood Dealing With Dependency 89 Total Institutions Erving Goffman 90 91 Resocialization Staff breaks down
identity. What concept refers to the lifelong social experience?Sociologists use the term socialization to refer to the lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture.
What concept refers to the lifelong process by which human beings learn culture and acquire the skills and experience needed for social interaction?Socialization is the lifelong process of inheriting and disseminating norms, customs and ideologies, providing an individual with the skills and habits necessary for participating within his or her own society.
What theory claims that behavior is not instinctive but learned?It is human nature to nurture. Which theory, developed by the psychologist John B. Watson, claims that most human behavior is not instinctive bu learned within a social environment? Behaviorism.
Is the lifelong social experience whereby people learn cultural truths and patterns?Socialization, the lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture.
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