A client complains of pain in the calves, thighs, and buttocks whenever he climbs more than a flight of stairs. This pain, however, is quickly relieved as soon as he sits down and rests. The nurse should suspect which of the following conditions in this client? Show Correct response: Peripheral arterial disease Intermittent claudication is characterized by weakness, cramping, aching, fatigue, or frank pain located in the calves, thighs, or buttocks but rarely in the feet with activity. These symptoms are quickly relieved by rest but reproducible with same degree of exercise and may indicate peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Leg pain that awakens a client from sleep is often associated with advanced chronic arterial occlusive disease. A lack of pain sensation may signal neuropathy in such disorders as diabetes. Heaviness and an aching sensation aggravated by standing or sitting for long periods of time and relieved by rest are associated with venous disease. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 502-503. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 502-503 When analyzing the nursing history recently taken on a client, which factor would most strongly alert the nurse to a significantly increased risk for chronic arterial insufficiency? You Selected: A family history of arterial insufficiency 14-year history of smoking a pack a day The use of any form of tobacco significantly increases a person's risk for chronic arterial insufficiency. The risk increases according to the length of time a person smokes and amount of tobacco smoked. Factors such as lack of exercise, family history, and alcohol intake may be relevant, but smoking is the most significant risk factor. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 500. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 500 A 72-year-old retired teacher comes to the clinic for an annual examination. She is concerned about her risk for peripheral vascular disease and states that there is a place in town that does tests to let her know her if she has this or not. Which of the following disease processes are risk factors for peripheral vascular disease? You Selected: Coronary artery disease Coronary artery disease Evidence of coronary artery disease implies that there is most likely disease in other vessels; therefore, this is a risk factor for peripheral vascular disease. Conversely, the presence of peripheral vascular disease is also a risk factor for coronary artery disease and, if present, should accompany reduction of cardiac risk factors. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 501. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 501 A client complains of pain in the calves, thighs, and buttocks whenever he climbs more than a flight of stairs. This pain, however, is quickly relieved as soon as he sits down and rests. The nurse should suspect which of the following conditions in this client? You Selected: Peripheral arterial disease Peripheral arterial disease Intermittent claudication is characterized by weakness, cramping, aching, fatigue, or frank pain located in the calves, thighs, or buttocks but rarely in the feet with activity. These symptoms are quickly relieved by rest but reproducible with same degree of exercise and may indicate peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Leg pain that awakens a client from sleep is often associated with advanced chronic arterial occlusive disease. A lack of pain sensation may signal neuropathy in such disorders as diabetes. Heaviness and an aching sensation aggravated by standing or sitting for long periods of time and relieved by rest are associated with venous disease. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 502-503. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 502-503 Add a Note Which of the following assessment findings is most congruent with chronic arterial insufficiency? You Selected: Cool foot temperature and ulceration on the client's great toe
Cool foot temperature and ulceration on the client's great toe Pigmentation, medial ankle ulceration, and thickened, scarred skin are associated with venous insufficiency, while low temperature and toe ulceration are more commonly found in cases of arterial insufficiency. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 510, p. 522. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 522 Add a Note After assessing pitting edema below the knee in a patient, the nurse would suspect that which vein may be occluded? You Selected: popliteal popliteal Although normal popliteal arteries may be nonpalpable, an absent pulse may also be the result of an occluded artery. Further circulatory assessment such as temperature changes, skin-color differences, edema, hair distribution variations, and dependent rubor (dusky redness) distal to the popliteal artery assists in determining the significance of an absent pulse. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 510. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 510 A client asks the nurse about the function that the lymph system plays in the body. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to include when responding to the client? You Selected: It drains capillary blood from the circulation. It filters harmful substances from the body. The lymphatic system's primary function is to drain excess fluid and plasma proteins, not capillary blood, from body tissues and return them to the venous system. The system contains lymph nodes that filter microorganism, foreign materials, dead blood cells, and abnormal cells and trap and destroy them. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are produced by the immune system. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, pp. 496-497. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 496-497 When analyzing the nursing history recently taken on a client, which factor would alert the nurse to a significantly increased risk for chronic arterial insufficiency? You Selected: Cigarette smoking Cigarette smoking The use of any form of tobacco significantly increases a person's risk for chronic arterial insufficiency. The risk increases according to the length of time a person smokes and amount of tobacco smoked. Daily exercise would be a measure to reduce a person's risk for vascular disease. Family history of diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, intermittent claudication, or elevated lipid levels would be important because these disorders tend to be heredity and cause damage to the blood vessels. Alcohol intake is unrelated to the development of chronic arterial insufficiency. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 500. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 500 While performing a routine check-up on an 81-year-old retired grain farmer in the vascular surgery clinic, the nurse notes that he has a history of chronic arterial insufficiency. Which of the following physical examination findings of the lower extremities would be expected with this disease? You Selected: Thin, shiny, atrophic skin Thin, shiny, atrophic skin Thin, shiny, atrophic skin is more commonly seen in chronic arterial insufficiency; in chronic venous insufficiency the skin often has a brown pigmentation and may be thickened. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, pp. 509-510. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 509-510 If palpable, superficial inguinal nodes are expected to be: You Selected: Fixed, tender, and at 2.5 cm in diameter Nontender, mobile, and 1 cm in diameter Healthy lymph nodes are nontender and mobile. Inguinal lymph nodes can be 1 to 2 cm in diameter. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 510. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 510 A nurse receives an order to perform a compression test to assess the competence of the valves in a client's varicose veins. Which action by the nurse demonstrates the correct way to perform this test? You Selected: Firmly compress the lower portion of the varicose vein Firmly compress the lower portion of the varicose vein The nurse should firmly compress the lower portion of the varicose vein with one hand. The nurse should ask the client to stand, not sit, on a chair for the examination. The second hand should be placed 6 to 8 inches, not 3 to 4 inches, above the first hand. The nurse should feel for a pulsation to the fingers in the upper hand. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 512-513. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 512-513 A client complains of pain in the calves, thighs, and buttocks whenever he climbs more than a flight of stairs. This pain, however, is quickly relieved as soon as he sits down and rests. The nurse should suspect which of the following conditions in this client? You Selected: Advanced chronic arterial occlusive disease Peripheral arterial disease Intermittent claudication is characterized by weakness, cramping, aching, fatigue, or frank pain located in the calves, thighs, or buttocks but rarely in the feet with activity. These symptoms are quickly relieved by rest but reproducible with same degree of exercise and may indicate peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Leg pain that awakens a client from sleep is often associated with advanced chronic arterial occlusive disease. A lack of pain sensation may signal neuropathy in such disorders as diabetes. Heaviness and an aching sensation aggravated by standing or sitting for long periods of time and relieved by rest are associated with venous disease. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 502-503. An older adult client presents with cramping-type leg pain when walking, which is relieved by rest. The client also has cool, pale feet and capillary refill in the toes of 4 to 6 seconds. What would the nurse suspect? You Selected: Arterial insufficiency Arterial insufficiency Cool, pale skin, delayed capillary refill, and absence of pulses are associated with arterial insufficiency. Pain, muscle cramping, and weakness with activity may indicate arterial disease. Musculoskeletal weakness would be associated with complaints of fatigue or a decrease in strength. With venous insufficiency, edema would most likely be noted. Neurologic impairment would include possible complaints of numbness, tingling, or changes in sensation. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, pp. 502-503, p. 506. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 506 4s When analyzing the nursing history recently taken on a client, which factor would most strongly alert the nurse to a significantly increased risk for chronic arterial insufficiency? You Selected: 14-year history of smoking a pack a day 14-year history of smoking a pack a day The use of any form of tobacco significantly increases a person's risk for chronic arterial insufficiency. The risk increases according to the length of time a person smokes and amount of tobacco smoked. Factors such as lack of exercise, family history, and alcohol intake may be relevant, but smoking is the most significant risk factor. Reference: Jensen, S. Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 500. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 500 During an assessment, the nurse first performs the action shown. After that the nurse asks the client to sit up with their legs dangling from the edge of the table. What is the nurse assessing? You Selected: Arterial insufficiency Arterial insufficiency The color change test is to check for arterial insufficiency. With the patient supine, the legs are elevated about 30 cm (12 in.) above the level of the heart. Then when have the patient sit up and dangle the legs. Color should return to the feet and toes within 10 seconds. The superficial veins of the feet fill within 15 seconds. Return of color taking longer than 10 seconds or persistent dependent rubor indicates arterial insufficiency. This is not a technique to assess lymphedema, the femoral pulse, or intermittent claudication. Reference: Jensen, S., Nursing Health Assessment, 2nd ed., Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2015, Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment, p. 512. Chapter 18: Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Assessment - Page 512 Is venous insufficiency a vascular disease?PAD and CVI are both vascular diseases that prevent healthy blood flow. It can be easy to mix them up because they share some common aspects, but they also differ in many ways. Both PAD and CVI have symptoms that cause problems in your legs.
Is varicose veins peripheral vascular disease?It's important to remember, however, that peripheral vascular disease is a “group term,” and also involves diseases that affect the veins. The most common of these vein diseases is venous insufficiency, which can lead to varicose veins, in which the affected veins become swollen and discolored.
What causes vascular insufficiency?High blood pressure in the leg veins over time, due to sitting or standing for long periods. Lack of exercise. Smoking. A blood clot in a deep vein, often in the calf or thigh (deep vein thrombosis)
Is DVT a peripheral vascular disease?Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), chronic venous disease (CVD), which includes chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), are common types of PVDs and are the most prevalent in the lower extremities.
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The diagnosis of superficial phlebitis increases the clients risk for which vascular disorder?
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