When a PC suddenly goes on the fritz for no apparent reason, checking the PC power supply first may save a lot of time troubleshooting the system. A faulty PC power supply belies many intermittent computer problems. This is why experienced PC technicians often look first at the PSU when diagnosing PC hardware issues. Show
If the PC does not turn on at allAs with any troubleshooting situation, disconnect all but the necessary peripherals from the PC. Usually this means you’re left only with the mouse, keyboard and monitor connected. Many power supplies have an external switch located at the rear of the unit. Check that it has not been accidentally been switched off. Plug the PSU power cable into a wall socket or surge protector, and turn on the computer. Most power supply models have a light on back of the unit that glows when it’s powered on. If it doesn’t light, try a different power cable and a different socket to eliminate those items as the source of the problem. Normally you can observe a few things that indicate proper operation of the PSU.
As an aside, the color of the motherboard light can tip off other malfunctioning components. Lights and BIOS beep codes vary by manufacturer. Check your motherboard product manual for that information. Using a paper clip to test a power supplyThe paper clip test, alternatively called the jumper test, allows you to verify PSU functionality when it is disconnected from the components inside a PC. This test will identify some common issues:
First you want to turn the power switch at the rear of the power supply to the off position. (O should be ‘down’) Locate the 20+4P (24-pin) connector. Bend the paperclip and insert one end into the green pin (PS_ON) and the other into any of the black pins (Ground). Flip the switch at the rear of the PSU, and listen for the internal fan. If you can hear the fan, this should verify the power supply is turned on. The paper clip test is a crude but effective way to confirm if your PSU needs to be replaced. It will not tell you much else. If your power supply passes the paper clip test, you still may need to identify related issues:
Should you get out the multimeter?To perform more nuanced testing of your power supply, you will need to use or buy a multimeter. A multimeter is an instrument that measures electrical current, principally voltage (volts), current (amps), and resistance (ohms). If you’re an electronics technician, you probably have one already, and are definitely familiar with this tool. If you’re working as an internal IT, it probably isn’t worth your time to get overly intensive with power supply testing and repair. The cost of a new PSU is relatively low, and does not justify extensive personnel hours dedicated to a complex diagnosis. It is common practice for departments that manage multiple PCs is to keep spare power supply or two on hand for “swap” testing to identify when a PSU is the root cause of recurring computer problems. If your computers are under warranty and you suspect the power supply may be to blame, that’s when you would take advantage of manufacturer support and warranty for desktop computers that you purchase. If you’re buying your business computers as finished systems, it’s a better use of company resources for the manufacturer to troubleshoot faulty computer power supplies and other components, while your team gets to work on a freshly replaced PC. The power supply on a computer transforms the alternating current from the wall outlet into a direct current flow that the computer's components can use. Testing the DC voltage output of the power supply using a digital multimeter can help you isolate any potential issues and determine if you have a bad power supply. Always use the probes to touch wires and terminals -- never use your fingers. If you can't hold the wires or terminals with the probes, use a stand or binder clip to secure them so you don't have to hold them with your hand.
What are the most common voltages produced by the power supply?Standard output voltages
The positive output voltages produced by a power supply unit are +3.3V, +5V and +12V. Negative voltages of -5V and -12V are also provided, together with a +5V standby voltage.
Which component in a desktop PC converts electricity from AC to DC choose the answer?A power supply unit (PSU) converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer.
What type of voltage does a PC use?Your computer's power supply both converts the alternating current (AC) from an American wall socket to the DC necessary for the internal power needs of the computer, and regulates the voltage. Internally, personal computers utilize +/- 12, 5, 3.3, or 2.8 volts DC.
When selecting a power supply you should not only check the overall wattage rating but also the capacity for which voltage which is the one most used?When selecting a power supply, pay particular attention to the capacity for the +12 V rail. (A rail is the term used to describe each circuit provided by the power supply.) The +12 V rail is the most used, especially in high-end gaming systems. Notice in Figure 5-10, the +12 V rail gets 360 W of the maximum 525 W load.
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