The United States' acquisition of Florida from Spain in 1819, the settling of Missouri and its admission to the Union as a slave state in 1821, and the American annexation of Texas in 1845 and subsequent war with Mexico were direct results of the ascendant _____ kingdom. Show
cotton In Maryland, Virginia, and the Carolinas, slave trade took its place alongside _____ as a solution to the difficult problems of economic readjustment. diversified farming Identify the accurate statements about traded slaves. (Check all that apply.) They were usually transported in chains. They remained under the watchful eye of the traders or their agents. Planters who had abandoned their holdings because of economic loss or some other necessary retrenchment passed information about their slaves through _____. the newspaper Identify an accurate statement about the slave-trading business in the nineteenth-century United States. Speculation was integral to the slave-trading business. Which of the following crops ushered in rising prices and profits, leading to a rapid population increase in Louisiana during the nineteenth century? (Check all that apply.) Sugarcane According to scholars such as Michael Tadman and Walter Johnson, the domestic slave trade was relentlessly _____ driven. financially When did the interstate slave trade grow increasingly profitable after 1808? When American involvement in the Atlantic slave trade became illegal In the context of slave trading, what happened after the onset of the financial turmoil known as the Panic of 1837? The price of and the demand for slaves fell drastically. Arrange the following states in the order of the route taken by the slaves being transported as part of the domestic slave trade. 1. Southwestern Virginia American traders engaged in the Atlantic slave trade with Africa due to _____. an increase in the demand for slaves _____ served a key middleman role between sellers and purchasers of slaves in the United States during the nineteenth century. Newspapers Identify an accurate statement about the merchants involved in the illicit slave trade during the nineteenth century. Merchants in New York and New Orleans benefited from the illicit trade. Interstate traders hitherto headquartered in the District of Columbia operated in both _____. Maryland and Virginia Identify an accurate statement about the trade in Africans in the United States during the nineteenth century. The trade was linked directly to the politics of slavery's expansion. According to scholars, the institution of slavery was a _____ enterprise. capitalistic To traders in the United States, slavery meant commissions and profits that ranged from _____ of the sale price of the slaves. 5 percent to 30 percent Identify an accurate statement about the slave codes in the southern states. New and more stringent codes accompanied the expansion of slavery. Which of the following factors were responsible for the continued American participation in slave trade after 1808? (Check all that apply.) The prospect of huge profits Which of the following crimes were defined as capital crimes in all the slaveholding states? (Check all that apply.) Conspiracy to rebel Identify an accurate statement about the illegal slave trade in the nineteenth century. American leaders advocated the tougher enforcement of anti-slave-trading laws every year. According to historian Manisha Sinha, which of the following states stood at the "storm-center" of the movement to reopen the slave trade? South Carolina Identify an accurate statement about patrols. They apprehended slaves who appeared to be out of their proper place and returned them to their masters. What was the primary work of slaves in the southern states during the nineteenth century? Agriculture In the context of the slave codes, which of the following statements is true about slaves in the southern states? They were made to keep their relationships with whites and free blacks at a minimum. Which of the following statements is true of the enforcement and execution of the slave codes in the United States? In some states, slaves were tried in regular courts for infractions of the law. What were the functions of the patrol? (Check all that apply.) To maintain the institution of slavery The concentration of slaves in the hands of owners who dominated the political and economic thinking of the entire South resulted in the _____. bulk of staple crops being produced on the large plantations Most slaveholders in 1860 were _____ with five slaves or less. small farmers Identify a true statement about field hands who worked on cotton plantations in the southern states in the nineteenth century. They regarded cotton cultivation as a demanding undertaking. Which of the following statements are true about the treatment of slaves under the slave codes in the southern states? (Check all that apply.) Slaves could not leave their master's plantation without authorization. A slave could not strike a white person, even in self-defense, but killing a slave rarely constituted murder. Ownership of property was generally forbidden to them. Identify the duties that slaves performed aside from raising crops on plantations. (Check all that apply.) They spread fertilizer. Identify an accurate statement about slave women who worked on plantations in the southern states. Their skilled labor represented an integral part of the plantation economy. Identify the U.S. state that led others in individual holdings of more than twenty slaves in 1860. Mississippi Which of the following statements is true about slave women in southern states? They worked under the hot sun in the fields along with men. Identify the accurate statements about the house servants. (Check all that apply.) They cared for the house, the yards, and the gardens. Overseers were employed on farms of more than _____ slaves or where the owner was an absentee landlord. twenty To maintain their health, adult slaves received a weekly ration of _____. meal and salt pork Identify an accurate statement about slavery on cotton plantations. Large groups of slaves were put to work in the fields under the supervision of the owner or overseer. Identify the true statement about slave ownership by Indians in the early nineteenth century. The Seminole nation in Florida appeared to have been the most lenient toward slaves. In the context of gender-based division of labor in the southern part of the United States during the nineteenth century, match the types of slaves (in the left column) with the jobs they had to perform (in the right column). Slave women: Watched the children and washed clothes Slave men: Served as butlers and coachmen True or false: Overseers and masters were not allowed to use the lash on women in an effort to get work out of them. False This is false. In the effort to get work out of slaves, overseers and masters used the lash on both men and women. Some planters went so far as to specify the size and type of whip to be used and the number of lashes to be given for certain offenses. Identify the true statements about Black Seminoles. (Check all that apply.) They wore Indian dress and carried firearms and other weapons. True or false: Slaves were not allowed to assist the owner of a plantation or to take the job of overseers. False This is false. Some plantations assigned the job of assisting the owner or overseer to a trusted slave, who in turn compelled work from his fellow slaves. Called the driver, a slave with such authority was viewed as a traitor and resented by the other slaves, especially if he took his duties seriously. Training slaves in special skills to increase their value was advocated by _____. most planters and proslavery leaders In the context of the slave diet, identify an accurate statement about slaves in southern states. They were dependent on their masters to fulfill the necessities of life. Match the geographical areas in the southern states of the United States (in the left column) with the industries that employed slaves in the early nineteenth century (in the right column). Clay County, Kentucky: Salt-works Caldwell and Crittenden Counties, Kentucky: Iron and lead mines Jackson to Brandon, Mississippi: Railroads Identify the true statements about the treatment of slaves by Indian nations in the early nineteenth century. (Check all that apply.) As early as 1818, the Creek law gave death penalty for blacks who killed Indians, whereas Indians killing black slaves were only required to pay the owner the value. In 1824, the Cherokee outlawed interracial marriage with slaves. Urban slaves who hired out their own time tended to _____. live in households independent of either their masters or hirers Identify the true statement about the effect Black Seminoles had on other Indian nations after the Seminole relocation in the West to the Indian territory. Their sight may have encouraged the dramatic escape of Cherokee and Creek slaves, which led to the Cherokee Revolt of 1842. In the southern states, advertisements that frequently described a slave as a(n) "_____" belied the contention on slave training. first-rate shoe maker Identify an accurate statement about hired slave men in the southern states. They found a greater variety of jobs than did slave women. Identify the places of employment where slaves were used in Virginia. (Check all that apply.) Iron furnaces The practice of finding their own employment by urban slaves was known as Blank 1: self Annual contracts for slave hiring ran for _____ weeks. fifty-one Match the genders of the hired slaves (in the left column) with their occupations (in the right column). Female slaves: Cleaning, washing, and peddling marketable items Male slaves: Porters, messengers, coopers, and carpenters Holidays, fairs, militia musters, and election days in the southern states provided occasions for relaxing the rules on the plantation, and at these times slaves tended to _____. sing, dance, and enjoy fellowship In the context of religion, identify an accurate statement about slaves. They were allowed to hold worship services in towns under white supervision. After entering into a contractual agreement for hiring a slave, the _____ usually assumed responsibility for the food, clothing, shelter, and medical care of the slaves. hiring employer Which of the following statements is true about the sacred world of slaves? Folk beliefs were an integral part of the Christian beliefs of many slaves. The permanency of a slave marriage depended largely on the extent to which the couple had an opportunity to _____. work and live together The practice of young white men maintaining young mulatto women in long-term relationships was called _____. plaçage Identify the periods that slaves could look forward to as occasions for recreation and relaxation. (Check all that apply.) The summer lay-by Which of the following statements is true about children born to interracial unions? They were treated like any other slave by their white fathers. What happened when news of slave conspiracies spread in southern communities and when the abolitionist movement grew stronger in the North? Planters became more cautious of their slaves' religious activities. In the context of religion, identify an accurate statement about slaves in southern states. The sacred world of the slaves included a blending of Christianity and folk beliefs. Identify the strategies and tactics adopted by North American slaves to resist exploitation. (Check all that apply.) They feigned illness to escape an onerous job. ___ networks, made up of more distant relatives and friends, served to ease the pain of separation by reproducing a sense of family for children sold away from their parents. Blank 1: Fictive According to historian Walter Johnson, slaves in the New Orleans market used every trick they could muster to _____. gain control over their would-be purchasers Some interracial relationships in antebellum Louisiana were recognized as a "_____," in which the wedding ceremony between a white person and a free person of African descent was performed by a Catholic priest. marriage of conscience How did white fathers react to the children they had with enslaved black women? They had mixed reactions to their black progeny. Identify an accurate statement about North American slaves. They carried out countless everyday acts of resistance. Which of the following were targets of arson as a symbol of slave resistance? (Check all that apply.) Barns Identify an accurate statement about slaves in the southern market. Mother slaves tried their best to be bought together with their children. Sometimes slave mothers in the South _____ to prevent them from having to grow up in slavery. killed their own children Identify an accurate statement about fugitive female slaves. They ran away to avoid punishment from their owners. Identify the most feared violent resistance against whites in the South. Poisoning Arrange the events related to the slave revolts in the South in the correct order of occurrence. (Place the event that occurred first at the top.) 1. An insurrection plot was uncovered in Lexington, Kentucky. An accurate statement about slaves is that they engaged in acts of _____. sabotage on both large plantations and small farms After the heated debates between the proslavery and antislavery factions in the United States Congress in 1819 and 1820, slavery was prohibited above the parallel _____ by the passage of the legislation known as the Missouri Compromise. 36°30' How did slaves in the United States express their dissatisfaction toward their conditions in the nineteenth century? By killing themselves in large numbers How did Denmark Vesey, who was a slave by birth, gain freedom in 1800? By purchasing his freedom with the money he won from the Charleston lottery The most common form of overt slave resistance in the United States was _____. running away Slaves in the South used _____ as poison to kill their owners and overseers. arsenic Identify an accurate statement about David Walker, whose publication Appeal in Four Articles; Together with a Preamble, to the Coloured Citizens of the World, but in Particular and Very Expressly to Those of the United States of America put southern nerves on edge in the 1820s. He was a son of a free mother and a slave father. Which of the following inspired Denmark Vesey's elaborate conspiracy in Charleston in 1822? (Check all that apply.) The knowledge of congressional debates over the extension of slavery In the Missouri Compromise, which of the following states was admitted as a free state to offset the admission of Missouri as a slave state? Maine Which of the following statements is true about Nat Turner's rebellion? More than a hundred slaves were killed in mass reprisals. Identify an accurate statement about Denmark Vesey, who was a slave by birth. He plotted a slave revolt and chose skilled slaves as his assistants. In the United States, slaves ran away to _____. find their relatives who were sold to different masters Identify the states where David Walker's publication Appeal was secretly carried into black communities. (Check all that apply.) North Carolina Identify an accurate statement about Nat Turner, who was a slave in Virginia's Southampton County. He was regarded by other slaves as a prophet, an exhorter, and a messianic figure. In 1820 slavery was entrenched in the southern states and on its way to ultimate extinction in the North. Identify the state whose admission to the Union as a slave state had brought this duality into stark relief. Missouri Between 1800 and 1808, which of the following southern states enacted laws that barred the entrance of free blacks in response to the significant numbers of manumissions inspired by the Revolutionary War's rhetoric of freedom? (Check all that apply.) Kentucky Which of the following territories in the far West of the United States passed statutes that banned black migrants in the antebellum period? (Check all that apply.) New Mexico Identify an accurate statement about the free black population in the Midwest in the nineteenth century. It grew dramatically despite the laws and the cultural hostility. In New York, black men could vote only if they were _____. property holders In the mid-nineteenth century, a majority in the House of Representatives initially refused to accept Missouri as a state because it _____. forbade Negroes and mulattoes from settling in the state In the context of the influx of white Europeans in the years from 1847 to 1854, roughly 45 percent of the immigrants came from _____. Ireland Arrange the following southern states in chronological order according to the year in which they passed laws barring the entrance of free blacks in the nineteenth century. 1. Georgia The _____ was a form of entertainment in which white male performers in burnt-cork blackface makeup portrayed blacks in a series of loosely related songs, dances, and comedy sketches. minstrel show Identify the northern states that kept black laws on the books until after the Civil War. (Check all that apply.) Indiana Identify an accurate statement about ethnology that emerged in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century. It professed methods and theories that stressed innate and immutable racial traits. By 1850, _____ had the fourth largest free black population in the North. Ohio The most serious antiblack outbreaks took place in _____ on August 12, 1834. Pennsylvania
Arrange the following states, in chronological order, according to the year in which they disfranchised black voters in the nineteenth century. 1. Tennessee Identify the causes of the decline of free blacks relative to the total United States population in the nineteenth century. (Check all that apply.) Increasing
numbers of European immigrants Identify the restrictions imposed on blacks by the southern states during the antebellum period. (Check all that apply.) All slave states required free blacks to register with the authorities. Identify an accurate statement about the minstrel show, which became popular in the United States by the late 1830s. It was performed using dialect speech and song and caricatured images. Which of the following theories maintained that races have emerged from different human origins and thus represented different human species? Polygenesis Identify an accurate statement about the events related to mob violence that erupted against blacks in the early nineteenth century. Cartoons in white newspapers depicted affluent blacks in highly insulting ways, mocking their society balls and abolitionist activities. Identify an accurate statement about the majority of the South's free blacks. They worked as unskilled agricultural or common laborers. In the antebellum period, unlike northern blacks, southern blacks were _____. restricted from moving about as they wished, lest they be thought fugitive slaves True or false: Much of the "property" owned by southern free blacks included their own family members who remained slaves. True This is true. Much of the "property" owned by southern free blacks included their own family members who remained slaves because their free black owners could not legally emancipate them. Identify an accurate statement about antebellum free blacks in the North. They were more likely than whites to live in cities. Identify a reason behind widespread violence by whites against blacks in the early nineteenth century. Decline in the economic autonomy of white artisans who considered free blacks as economic competitors Low-skilled jobs such as the job of porter increased blacks' status in the black community because they _____. worked as servants in wealthy whites' homes Although free blacks worked in skilled occupations in both northern and southern cities, the _____ had the largest proportion of free black and skilled positions in the 1860s. Lower South True or false: Despite the contempt and violence that many working-class whites visited on free blacks, antebellum New York was rife with opportunities for interracial mixing. True This is true. Despite the contempt and violence that many working-class whites visited on free blacks, antebellum New York was rife with opportunities for interracial mixing. Indeed, economic factors created interracial enclaves of the poor, where cultural mixing was not only frequent but also increasingly subsidized by white travelers and voyeurs in search of cultural adventure.
The 1847 Statistical Inquiry into the Condition of the People of Colour of the City and Districts of Philadelphia suggested that most women in Philadelphia worked as _____. washerwomen Match the regions (in the left column) with the percentages of free blacks and whites who onwed property in 1860 (in the right column). The North: 11.7 percent of free blacks compared to 18.1 percent of whites The Upper South: 9.8 percent of free blacks compared to 19.4 percent of whites The Lower South: 17.9 percent of free blacks compared to 18.8 percent of whites During the 1830s and 1840s, the poorest 50 percent of Philadelphia's free blacks owned only _____ of the city's black-owned wealth. 5 percent In 1860, _____ percent of the free blacks in the Mid-Atlantic states were urban dwellers. 49.7 Identify the upper-class professionals in Boston's black community. (Check all that apply.) Teachers Identify an accurate statement about black New Yorkers. Black New Yorkers constituted a far more affluent community than did black Bostonians. According to the 1847 Statistical Inquiry into the Condition of the People of Colour of the City and Districts of Philadelphia, the majority of the black men in Philadelphia were _____. laborers How many mutual aid organizations existed in Baltimore in 1835? Thirty five In his Sketches of Colored Society in Philadelphia, the antebellum free black chronicler Joseph Willson portrayed a three-tiered class structure. Match the black classes that were prevalent in Philadelphia (in the left column) with their descriptions (in the right column). An upper class: Had comfort and the enjoyment of all the sound blessings of this life A class positioned in the intermediate stages: Was sober, honest, industrious and respectable A class positioned at the bottom: Was in the lowest depths of human degradation, misery, and want Who was the first African American to achieve a national and international reputation as a painter? Robert S. Duncanson Identify the true statements about black education in the antebellum North. (Check all that apply.) Black children received an unequal share of school funds. Free black women in Boston were concentrated in low-skilled or unskilled positions, primarily as _____. domestics In the context of black education, identify an accurate statement about the antebellum South. The region had no public schools, even for white children. Which of the following statements is true about Wilberforce University? Its first students were mainly the mulatto children of southern planters. Free blacks established _____ for their social and cultural uplift, economic advancement, and common relief. mutual aid organizations In 1830, the black convention movement was born when black delegates from New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia met in Philadelphia to _____. devise ways and means for the bettering of black condition Which of the following statements is true about free black poets, playwrights, historians, newspaper editors, and artists throughout the antebellum era? They contributed to the broader American culture. Which of the following northern states is particularly notable for shifting its African American educational policies away from exclusion and toward inclusion during the antebellum period? Massachusetts Identify the American city where the Oblate Sisters of Providence, the first Catholic order for women of African descent, operated a school for black children throughout the 1830s and 1840s. Baltimore True or false: The Rochester meeting of July 1853 produced a stirring memorial to the American people and ended with the assertion that in no other country could African Americans have made more progress. False This is false. The Rochester meeting produced a stirring memorial to the American people, which recited the various ways that free blacks had been mistreated and humiliated. Signed by Frederick Douglass among others, the memorial ended with the assertion that no other race could have made more progress "in the midst of such a universal and stringent disparagement." Identify the places where denominational institutions were founded in the United States during the antebellum period. (Check all that apply.) Ohio What did James Forten, John B. Vashon, Samuel Cornish, and other black leaders discuss in the delegation held in Philadelphia in 1830? (Check all that apply.) The feasibility and desirability of black emigration Identify the issues that were discussed at the national Negro conventions held in the antebellum era. (Check all that apply.) Education At the city level in the 1850s, black New Yorkers organized in opposition to _____. the separate car policy on the streetcar lines According to black leaders in the 1830s, the _____ of the race played an important role in self-representation as well as in establishing American citizenship and heritage in relation to white Americans. name What were the aims of the National Council of Colored People that was formed after a three-day conference in Rochester in July 1853? (Check all that apply.) To advance equal rights for African Americans Identify an accurate statement about Boston's Maria W. Stewart. She was one of the earliest and most outspoken advocates of women's rights and abolition. Which of the following are true of the national Negro conventions held in the antebellum era? (Check all that apply.) They convened in cities primarily in the Northeast and occasionally in the Midwest. Meeting in the state capitol of Harrisburg in 1848, the State Convention of Colored Citizens of Pennsylvania renewed the demand for _____. the ballot Identify an accurate statement about Sojourner Truth. She was identified with exposing the socially constructed character of gender. In the context of public image and behavior, identify an accurate statement about black leaders. They emphasized educational training and literacy, employment, and behavior decorum. The American Colonization Society (ACS) was responsible for transporting most of free blacks from the United States to the African continent and the overwhelming majority went to _____. Liberia Identify the most noted black leader who relocated under the auspices of the American Colonization Society (ACS) to Monrovia, Liberia, in 1829. John Russwurm Boston's _____ is noteworthy for being one of the earliest women to give public lectures to mixed male-female audiences, thus determinedly stepping outside the antebellum domestic sphere. Maria W. Stewart Identify an accurate statement about Mary Anne Shadd Cary. She brought the burning question of emigration to the national convention in Philadelphia in 1855. Perhaps the best known black woman to participate in the women's rights and the abolitionist movements was _____. Sojourner Truth Under the schemes of mass colonization, where were free blacks deported from the United States? (Check all that apply.) Haiti Identify the true statement about the reaction of abolitionists to the American Colonization Society (ACS). Opposition to the ACS grew steadily among black and white abolitionists. Martin R. Delany's speech at the National Emigration Convention championed the idea of migration to Haiti and Central and South America. According to him, _____ would be a satisfactory home as long as the area could not be annexed by the United States. Canada Black leaders H. Ford Douglas, James Theodore Holly, and Martin R. Delany were present at the National Emigration Convention that met in Cleveland in 1854 to promote a _____. black-led movement How did the abolitionists attempt to end slavery in the United States? (Check all that apply.) By unleashing actual slave revolts What was Robert A. Young's poem Ethiopian Manifesto about? A defense of universal freedom Before the publication of Garrison's The Liberator, blacks issued forceful denunciations of _____. both colonization and slavery Identify a true statement about the American Anti-Slavery Society. Blacks participated in the establishment of the society. Identify a true statement about Robert Purvis, a black founding father of abolitionism. He was the president of the Philadelphia Anti-Slavery Society. Which of the following events heralded the age of militant abolitionism in the United States? (Check all that apply.) The inaugural issue of William Lloyd Garrison's newspaper The Liberator in 1831 In his poem Ethiopian Manifesto, Robert A. Young prophesied that _____. a black messiah-like figure would arise to liberate his people A true statement about Frederick Douglass is that _____. he was a writer, speaker, thinker, and activist in black conventions How did blacks react to Garrison's The Liberator? They eagerly aligned with Garrison. What was the influence that black women had on the antislavery cause? They formed organizations that addressed abolition and gender concerns. A characteristic of the American Anti-Slavery Society is that _____. five black leaders served on its first board of managers How did John B. Vashon influence the movement of abolitionism? He was able to donate generously to the abolitionist cause due to his financial success. Which of the following is true of the women who were involved in the antislavery cause? They had to withstand severe male opposition to make their voices heard. No antislavery leader did as much to carry the case of the slave to the people of the United States and Europe in the period before the Civil War as _____. Frederick Douglass Which of the following is true of the roles played by black women in the antislavery cause? They formed their own antislavery organizations in numerous cities. The first black newspaper named _____ was established by Samuel Cornish and John Russwurm. Freedom's Journal The most popular of all black newspapers during the 1840s was Frederick Douglass and Martin Delany's _____ The North Star True or false: Abolitionism was closely connected with religious revivalism during the years from 1800 through the 1830s. True This is true. Abolitionism was closely connected with religious revivalism during the years from 1800 through the 1830s and with humanitarian and perfectionist movements for peace, women's rights, temperance, and utopian communities. The most famous female black abolitionist and women's rights advocate was _____. Sojourner Truth Which of the following is true of Charles Grandison Finney's views on slavery? He believed slavery was contrary to the teachings of Christianity. Why did abolitionists argue that slavery was economically unsound? Because wageless workers could not be expected to be efficient or to conserve physical and human resources
Samuel Cornish and John Russwurm influenced the abolitionist movement by _____. being the first antislavery publishers to call for immediate abolition Why did Frederick Douglass change the title of his newspaper from The North Star to Frederick Douglass's Paper? (Check all that apply.) Because he parted ways with his partner Martin Delany Most abolitionists felt that colonization for the purpose of sending free blacks out of the country served _____ slavery. only to buttress Identify the accurate statements about abolitionism in the United States in the eighteenth century. (Check all that apply.) It was associated with the Second Great
Awakening. Identify an accurate statement about the abolitionist cause in the 1830s. It had successfully spread to the South. The Second Great Awakening's dominant figure, Charles Grandison Finney, emphasized _____. the importance of being "useful" An accurate statement about Oberlin College is that _____. it was the nation's first avowedly integrated school of higher learning Abolitionists believed that slavery was _____. contrary to the fundamental principles of the American way of life Identify a true statement about the American Anti-Slavery Society. It had the support of prominent white abolitionists when it was formed. William Lloyd Garrison believed that the American Colonization Society had inflicted a great injury upon the free and slave population by _____. inducing passage of severe legislative enactments How did Garrisonians transform the American Anti-Slavery Society? They succeeded in getting women elected to important offices in the society. Why did many southerners with antislavery leanings move to Midwestern states in the 1830s and 1840s? To escape the increasingly hostile atmosphere of the South The American Foreign Anti-Slavery Society believed that _____. focusing on women's rights was not important _____ College was the first coeducational American college to pay attention to questions of social reform. Oberlin What grievances did black abolitionists have with white abolitionists? They were unhappy with the silence of their white compatriots on the issue of black disfranchisement in the North. Which of the following is true of the American Anti-Slavery Society? It had leaders who were committed to the immediate end to slavery though they disagreed on issues such as religion, politics, and women's role. William Lloyd Garrison criticized the other leaders of the American Anti-Slavery Society, namely the Tappan brothers and their supporters, for their unwillingness to _____. denounce the churches for not taking an unequivocal antislavery stance A true statement about the American Foreign Anti-Slavery Society is that _____. it focused solely on the slavery issue Identify an accurate statement about prominent black abolitionist James McCune Smith. He was more accepting of separate black antislavery societies in the 1850s after discouraging them in the 1840s. How did black abolitionists view white abolitionists? They saw them as being paternalistic at best. True or false: Proslavery theorists asserted that the anatomy of blacks differed from whites in ways that enabled blacks to withstand punishment without feeling as much pain as whites. True This is true. Proslavery theorists asserted that the anatomy of blacks differed from whites in ways that enabled blacks to withstand punishment without feeling as much pain as whites. This enabled them to justify, without any moral qualms, savagely whipping slaves, overworking them, and restricting their movements, because "science" justified their actions. How did proslavery theorists view slavery? They argued that it was necessary for the rise of civilization. What was the most important proslavery argument? The southern system was divinely ordained, and the Bible and the church sanctioned racially based slavery. What was James McCune Smith's view of all-black meetings and the separate black convention movement in 1840? He opposed the idea of all-black meetings. True or false: In the antebellum era, the Old South perceived antislavery talk as bringing about a positive change to southern institutions. False This is false. The Old South perceived antislavery talk as causing irreparable damage to southern institutions. Many southern cities placed bounties on the leaders of the abolitionist movement and the Underground Railroad. Which of the following were true of the beliefs of proslavery theorists? (Check all that apply.) They believed that blacks were a different species of humanity. Identify an accurate statement about James Henry Hammond's views on slavery. He believed slavery to be necessary to the progress of white civilization. How did southern white ministers view slavery? (Check all that apply.) They insisted that slavery offered a means of converting the heathen to Christian
civilization. How were whites who associated with blacks treated in the Old South? They were severely dealt with, normally murdered or lynched. How did the South react to the spread of abolitionist ideas? (Check all that apply.) Southern leaders resolved to keep abolitionist ideas out of their communities by force if necessary. How did the federal government impact the antislavery cause in the 1830s and 1840s? It joined in the persecution of abolitionists. How did the "gag rule" that was imposed by the Congress in 1836 affect the antislavery movement? The abolitionists used it to drive home the point that slavery denied freedom to whites as well. In the years leading to the Civil War, the conflict between abolitionists and supporters of slavery in the South was marked by _____. acts of violence against abolitionists _____ sought to undermine racial chauvinism by showing the unity of humankind in his essay "The Claims of the Negro Ethnologically Considered." Frederick Douglass Which of the following is true of the antislavery movement during the 1830s and 1840s? The antislavery lecturers often found it difficult to rent halls in which to speak. How did Wendell Phillips contribute to the antislavery movement? He gave a stirring speech in favor of freedom of the press and liberty that signaled the coming change in how people would view antislavery. Which of the following is true of the literature written by ex-slaves in the 1840s and 1850s? Their narratives offered first-hand accounts of the pain and suffering endured by slaves. Match the following black abolitionists (in the left column) with their literary contributions (in the right column). James W.C. Pennington: Textbook of the Origin and History of the Colored People William C. Nell: Services of Colored Americans in the Wars of 1776 and 1812 Martin Delany: The Condition, Elevation, Emigration and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States The most erudite and prolific abolitionist to challenge ideas of innate black inferiority was _____. James McCune Smith _____ was the first of the black abolitionists to create a moving panorama with his Original Panoramic Views of the Scenes in the Life of an American Slave (1849). William Wells Brown Identify a characteristic of Robert Duncanson's painting View of Cincinnati, Ohio from Covington, Kentucky. The slaves in the painting are emphasized as laborers in contrast to a more leisurely look. The largest and perhaps most influential group of black writers were _____. ex-slaves Identify a feature of the Underground Railroad. It intensified the resentment that slaveholding southerners felt toward the North. The first black person to write both a play, The Escape (1858), and a novel, Clotel; or the President's Daughter (1853), was _____. William Wells Brown An accurate statement about the Underground Railroad is that _____. slaves commonly disguised themselves to reach the Railroad Arrange the sequence of sceneries black abolitionists often used in their moving panoramas to narrate the history of African Americans in the correct order of occurrence. (Place the description of the first scenery at the top.) 1. Scenes from the African continent Robert Duncanson's painting View of Cincinnati, Ohio from Covington, Kentucky conveys an _____ meaning about the Ohio River. implicit abolitionist Fugitive slaves were able to escape their pursuers after boarding the Underground Railroad because _____. the details of their journey were planned well ahead of the slaves' arrival Until the outbreak of the Civil War, the Underground Railroad operated in _____. flagrant violation of federal fugitive slave laws Identify an accurate statement about John Fairfield. He often posed as a slaveholder to help slaves escape from the South. Which of the following was true of the Underground Railroad? The majority of its operations took place at night. How did Harriet Tubman contribute to the antislavery cause? She helped numerous slaves escape the South in the 1850s. Identify a characteristic of the Compromise of 1850. It favored slaveholders' interests by including a stringent fugitive slave law. Which of the following are true of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854? (Check all that apply.) It permitted legislatures in each of the territories to decide whether they would become free or slave states. Identify the true statements about the operation of the Underground Railroad? (Check all that apply.) Most of the fugitives were men. How did John Fairfield contribute to the antislavery cause? He helped slaves escape the South by working as a conductor on the Underground Railroad. Who was the abolitionist martyr who seized the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, hoping to secure sufficient ammunition to carry out a large-scale operation against slavery in the South? John Brown Identify an accurate statement about Harriet Tubman's time in the Underground Railroad. She worked as a domestic servant in the North in order to raise the money to repeatedly help slaves escape the South. How did the Compromise of 1850 affect the slave trade? It ended the public sale of slaves in the nation's capital. True or false: The Kansas-Nebraska Act galvanized many antislavery leaders. Northern Whigs, Free Soilers, and Democrats who opposed the act coalesced, and many of these disaffected northerners in the mid-1850s created the Republican Party. True This is true. The Kansas-Nebraska Act galvanized many antislavery leaders to political action to combat the relentless drive of proslavery forces. Northern Whigs, Free Soilers, and Democrats who opposed the act coalesced, and many of these disaffected northerners in the mid-1850s created the Republican Party. True or false: John Brown's raid of the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, was suggested by the government of Virginia. False This is false. John Brown seized the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, hoping to secure sufficient ammunition to carry out a large-scale operation against slavery in the South. Brown's raid terrified the South, convincing slaveholders that abolitionists would stop at nothing to wipe out slavery. How did the population of free blacks in proportion to the whole population of the United States change during the antebellum period quizlet?How did the population of free blacks, in proportion to the whole population of the United States, change during the antebellum period? It decreased. 40.
Why was the Black Press important to black communities quizlet?Why was the black press important to black communities? The black press allowed black community leaders to disseminate information to the black community.
Why did some African Americans prefer all black schools with black teachers to attending integrated public schools quizlet?Why did some African Americans prefer all-black schools with black teachers to attending integrated public schools? White teachers sent to black schools were often poorly qualified.
Who made up most of the black recruits who enlisted in the US Colored Troops quizlet?Who made up most of the black recruits who enlisted in the U.S. Colored Troops? Former slaves from Confederate States. Who were the first black units in combat during the Civil War? What was one of the first priorities for African Americans after emancipation and the abolition of slavery?
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Why did black communities decline as a proportion of the overall US population during the antebellum period quizlet?
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