Which of the following signs or symptoms would lead you to suspect hyperthyroidism in a patient you are evaluating?

Book 1: Which of the following symptoms would lead you to suspect hyperthyroidism in a female patient you are evaluating?

A. Heavy menses
B. Weight gain
C. Brittle nails
D. Delayed relaxation phase of the patellar reflexes
E. Increased anxiety

E

Book 2: Which of the following symptoms would lead you to suspect hypothyroidism in a patient you are evaluating?

A. Diarrhea
B. Increased appetite
C. Cold sensitivity
D. Hyperreflexia
E. Weight loss

C

Book 3: You suspect that a patient with hyperthyroidism has Graves' disease. Which of the following patterns on a RAIU and scan would confirm your diagnosis?

A. Low uptake
B. Uniformly increased uptake
C. Patchy uptake
D. A single area of high uptake within one lobe
E. No uptake

B

Book 4: Which of the following statements is true regarding the medical treatment of hyperthyroidism?

A. Methimazole has a shorter half-life than propylthiouracil
B. A common side effect of these agents is renal impairment
C. Both propylthiouracil and methimazole are concentrated within the thyroid gland
D. It takes 4-8 months of thionamide therapy before thyroid hormone levels begin to decrease
E. Methimazole is more strongly bound to plasma proteins compared to PTU.

C

Book 5: Which of the following statements about thionamides (PTU and methimazole) is correct:

A. Methimazole must be administered three times daily

B. Methimazole and PTU increase the stores of thyroglobulin within the thyroid gland

C. PTU use is contraindicated during the first trimester of pregnancy

D. PTU is considerably more potent than methimazole

E. The side effects of PTU and methimazole include gastrointestinal symptoms

E

Book 6: The following statements about thionamides (propylthiouracil [PTU] and methimazole) are correct except:

A. Mild leukopenia can be seen with PTU, methimazole, and with Graves' disease itself

B. Methimazole and PTU serve as substrates for the iodinating intermediate of thyroid peroxidase

C. PTU may increase the efficacy of later treatment with radioactive iodine

D. Methimazole is generally considered first-line therapy for hyperthyroidism

E. The side effects of PTU and methimazole can include development of a rash

C

Book 7: Which of the following statement about radioactive iodine therapy of hyperthyroidism is correct:

A. Men are more likely to become hypothyroid after radioactive iodine therapy

B. Treatment doses of radioiodine may be based on a fixed dose approach or a calculated dose approach

C. If a first dose of radioactive iodine is ineffective, a second radioactive iodine dose cannot be given

D. Hypothyroidism generally occurs approximately 6 days after radioiodine administration

E. Radioactive iodine therapy is a useful treatment during pregnancy and lactation

B

Book 8: Which of the following therapies is inappropriate for the treatment of thyroid storm?

A. Administering a β-blocker as initial therapy
B. Administering iodine as initial therapy
C. Administering PTU as initial therapy
D. Administering methimazole as initial therapy
E. Employing cooling measures

B

Book 9: Which of the following statement about thyroid hormones is correct?

A. T4 has a half-life of about a day
B. T3 has to be given subcutaneously
C. The thyroid gland produces mostly T3 and a small amount of T4
D. TSH concentrations are generally not helpful when titrating a hypothyroid patient's dose of thyroid hormone
E. T4 can be thought of as a prohormone as it is converted into the active hormone T3

E

Book 10: Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of hypothyroidism?

A. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
B. Radioactive iodine therapy
C. Pituitary failure
D. β-Blocker therapy
E. Over-treatment with thionamides

D

Book 11: Which are the following statements is true regarding levothyroxine?

A. Its absorption is unaffected by administration with food

B. Thirty percent of an oral dose is absorbed

C. It produces stable serum levels of both T4 and T3

D. Potential side effects include hepatitis and agranulocytosis

E. New steady state levels of T4 are reached approximately 6 days after a dosage change

C

Book 12: Which are the following parameters has the greatest effect on levothyroxine dose requirement in an adult?

A. Sex
B. Age
C. Height
D. Waist circumference
E. Weight

E

Book 13: Which are the following statements is true regarding liothyronine (synthetic T3)?

A. It has a half-life of about 1 hour

B. It has been used in combination with PTU therapy

C. It produces stable serum levels of both T4 and T3

D. The side effects can include palpitations and insomnia

E. It is the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism

D

Book 14: Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of myxedema coma?

A. High dose liothyronine is most effective

B. Oral levothyroxine is the mainstay of therapy

C. β-Blockers are routinely administered

D. Intravenous levothyroxine is advisable

E. Aspirin therapy is necessary

D

Book 15: Which of the following therapies is considered standard treatment for hypothyroidism?

A. Liothyronine monotherapy
B. Levothyroxine therapy
C. Thyroid extract therapy
D. Iodine therapy
E. Levothyroxine/liothyronine combination therapy

B

Naplex 1: GBs doctor has been concerned about new trends in the treatment of hypothyroidism. He requests your recommendation for the most appropriate therapy for GB.

A. Desiccated thyroid hormone
B. Liothyronine
C. Levothyroxine
D. The combination of liothyronine and levothyroxine

C

Naplex 2: Which of the following lab results would indicate hypothyroidism in GB?

A. Increased TSH, increased thyroid hormones
B. Decreased TSH, increased thyroid hormones
C. Increased TSH, decreased thyroid hormones
D. Decreased TSH, decreased thyroid hormones

C

Naplex 3: PR is a 35-year-old woman admitted for uncontrollable nausea and vomiting during the first trimester of her pregnancy. Her past medical history is significant for hypothyroidism and GERD. How should her hypothyroidism be managed during her hospitalization?

A. Levothyroxine should be held until PR can restart her oral medication.
B. Levothyroxine should be given intravenously until PR can restart her oral medication.
C. Levothyroxine should be given orally at a lower dose to reduce nausea and vomiting.
D. Levothyroxine should be changed to liothyronine to reduce nausea and vomiting.

A

Naplex 4: BS is a 36-year-old woman who presents to her doctor with symptoms of anxiety, sleep disturbances, and recent weight loss. Her doctor suspects hyperthyroidism. Which of the following lab results would be consistent with overt hyperthyroidism?
A. Increased TSH, increased thyroid hormones
B. Decreased TSH, increased thyroid hormones
C. Increased TSH, decreased thyroid hormones
D. Decreased TSH, decreased thyroid hormones

B

Naplex 5: MM is currently in first trimester of her pregnancy, but her doctor consults you for treatment options for hyperthyroidism throughout MM's pregnancy. Select all that apply.
A. Surgery
B. Radioactive iodine
C. Methimazole
D. Propylthiouracil

D

Naplex 6: FN is diagnosed with Hashimoto disease during the second trimester of her pregnancy. Which medication would be preferred for FN?

A. Desiccated thyroid hormone
B. Liothyronine alone
C. Levothyroxine alone
D. Levothyroxine in combination with liothyronine

C

Naplex 7: MM is a pregnant 27-year-old woman who has just been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which symptoms might MM be experiencing due to her diagnosis?

A. Bradycardia and cold intolerance
B. Tachycardia and heat intolerance
C. Depression and cognition difficulties
D. Weight gain and constipation

B

Naplex 8: You are consulted by Dr. X to determine the plan for a patient's methimazole dose. She has been taking methimazole for 3 months. What is your response?

Table:
TSH 1.5 (0.4-4.0 mIU/L)
Free T4 6.2 (4.5-11.2 mcg/dL)
Free T3 125 (100-200 ng/dL)

A. Begin reducing the dose of methimazole since thyroid function tests are within normal range.

B. Stop methimazole now since thyroid function tests are within normal range.

C. Methimazole will need to be continued indefinitely to maintain thyroid levels in the normal range.

D. Gradually transition patient from methimazole to levothyroxine since the patient will become hypothyroid due to treatment from methimazole.

A

Naplex 9: GB is a 55-year-old woman recently diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which symptoms might she be experiencing?

A. Bradycardia and cold intolerance
B. Anxiety and nervousness
C. Weight loss and insomnia
D. Frequent bowel movements and edema

A

Naplex 10: LR is a 32-year-old woman who is still experiencing symptoms of hyperthyroidism despite treatment with methimazole. Which medication can be added to provide additional symptomatic relief?

A. Nifedipine
B. Prednisone
C. Propranolol
D. Ibuprofen

C

Naplex 11: TC has been on amiodarone for 2 months and has now been diagnosed with amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism. What is the treatment of choice for amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism?

A. Discontinuation of amiodarone
B. Liothyronine alone
C. Levothyroxine alone
D. Levothyroxine in combination with liothyronine

C

Naplex 12: Dr. M wants to know which antithyroid medication would be preferred in a nonpregnant patient with hyperthyroidism without thyroid storm and why. What is your response?

A. Propylthiouracil is preferred due to fewer side effects and less frequent dosing.
B. Methimazole is preferred due to fewer side effects and less frequent dosing.
C. Methimazole is preferred since it blocks the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3.
D. Propylthiouracil is preferred since it blocks the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3.

B

Naplex 13: As KM picks up her first prescription of levothyroxine, she asks you when she should have her thyroid function tests rechecked. What is your response?

A. 1 week
B. 1 month
C. 3 months
D. 6 months

B

Naplex 14: Which of the following is true?

A. Radioactive iodine will adequately treat type 1 amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism.
B. Amiodarone must be discontinued to adequately treat type 1 amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism.
C. Amiodarone must be discontinued to adequately treat type 2 amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism.
D. Antithyroid medications may offer some benefit in type 2 amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism.

B

What are the following signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

Common symptoms.
nervousness, anxiety and irritability..
hyperactivity – you may find it hard to stay still and have a lot of nervous energy..
mood swings..
difficulty sleeping..
feeling tired all the time..
sensitivity to heat..
muscle weakness..
diarrhoea..

What are 3 symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

Symptoms.
Unintentional weight loss, even when your appetite and food intake stay the same or increase..
Rapid heartbeat (tachycardia) — commonly more than 100 beats a minute..
Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia).
Pounding of your heart (palpitations).
Increased appetite..
Nervousness, anxiety and irritability..

What are 4 major clinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

The classic symptoms of hyperthyroidism include heat intolerance, tremor, palpitations, anxiety, weight loss despite a normal or increased appetite, increased frequency of bowel movements, and shortness of breath. Goiter is commonly found on physical examination.

Which signs and symptoms might the nurse identify when assessing a client with hyperthyroidism?

Common symptoms that a patient may report include unintentional weight loss despite unchanged oral intake, palpitations, diarrhea or increased frequency of bowel movements, heat intolerance, diaphoresis, and/or menstrual irregularities.