What is SDLC?SDLC is a systematic process for building software that ensures the quality and correctness of the software built. SDLC process aims to produce high-quality software that meets customer expectations. The system development should be complete in the pre-defined time frame and cost. SDLC consists of a detailed plan which explains how to plan, build, and maintain specific software. Every phase of the SDLC life Cycle has its own process and deliverables that feed into the next phase. SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle and is also referred to as the Application Development life-cycle. Show
In this Software Development Life Cycle tutorial, you will learn
Why SDLC?Here, are prime reasons why SDLC is important for developing a software system.
The entire SDLC process divided into the following SDLC steps: SDLC Phases
In this tutorial, I have explained all these Software Development Life Cycle Phases Phase 1: Requirement collection and analysisThe requirement is the first stage in the SDLC process. It is conducted by the senior team members with inputs from all the stakeholders and domain experts in the industry. Planning for the quality assurance requirements and recognization of the risks involved is also done at this stage. This stage gives a clearer picture of the scope of the entire project and the anticipated issues, opportunities, and directives which triggered the project. Requirements Gathering stage need teams to get detailed and precise requirements. This helps companies to finalize the necessary timeline to finish the work of that system. Phase 2: Feasibility studyOnce the requirement analysis phase is completed the next sdlc step is to define and document software needs. This process conducted with the help of ‘Software Requirement Specification’ document also known as ‘SRS’ document. It includes everything which should be designed and developed during the project life cycle. There are mainly five types of feasibilities checks:
Phase 3: DesignIn this third phase, the system and software design documents are prepared as per the requirement specification document. This helps define overall system architecture. This design phase serves as input for the next phase of the model. There are two kinds of design documents developed in this phase: High-Level Design (HLD)
Low-Level Design (LLD)
Phase 4: CodingOnce the system design phase is over, the next phase is coding. In this phase, developers start build the entire system by writing code using the chosen programming language. In the coding phase, tasks are divided into units or modules and assigned to the various developers. It is the longest phase of the Software Development Life Cycle process. In this phase, Developer needs to follow certain predefined coding guidelines. They also need to use programming tools like compiler, interpreters, debugger to generate and implement the code. Phase 5: TestingOnce the software is complete, and it is deployed in the testing environment. The testing team starts testing the functionality of the entire system. This is done to verify that the entire application works according to the customer requirement. During this phase, QA and testing team may find some bugs/defects which they communicate to developers. The development team fixes the bug and send back to QA for a re-test. This process continues until the software is bug-free, stable, and working according to the business needs of that system. Phase 6: Installation/DeploymentOnce the software testing phase is over and no bugs or errors left in the system then the final deployment process starts. Based on the feedback given by the project manager, the final software is released and checked for deployment issues if any. Phase 7: MaintenanceOnce the system is deployed, and customers start using the developed system, following 3 activities occur
The main focus of this SDLC phase is to ensure that needs continue to be met and that the system continues to perform as per the specification mentioned in the first phase. Popular SDLC ModelsHere, are some of the most important models of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC): Waterfall model in SDLCThe waterfall is a widely accepted SDLC model. In this approach, the whole process of the software development is divided into various phases of SDLC. In this SDLC model, the outcome of one phase acts as the input for the next phase. This SDLC model is documentation-intensive, with earlier phases documenting what need be performed in the subsequent phases. Incremental Model in SDLCThe incremental model is not a separate model. It is essentially a series of waterfall cycles. The requirements are divided into groups at the start of the project. For each group, the SDLC model is followed to develop software. The SDLC life cycle process is repeated, with each release adding more functionality until all requirements are met. In this method, every cycle act as the maintenance phase for the previous software release. Modification to the incremental model allows development cycles to overlap. After that subsequent cycle may begin before the previous cycle is complete. V-Model in SDLCIn this type of SDLC model testing and the development, the phase is planned in parallel. So, there are verification phases of SDLC on the side and the validation phase on the other side. V-Model joins by Coding phase. Agile Model in SDLCAgile methodology is a practice which promotes continue interaction of development and testing during the SDLC process of any project. In the Agile method, the entire project is divided into small incremental builds. All of these builds are provided in iterations, and each iteration lasts from one to three weeks. Spiral ModelThe spiral model is a risk-driven process model. This SDLC testing model helps the team to adopt elements of one or more process models like a waterfall, incremental, waterfall, etc. This model adopts the best features of the prototyping model and the waterfall model. The spiral methodology is a combination of rapid prototyping and concurrency in design and development activities. Big bang modelBig bang model is focusing on all types of resources in software development and coding, with no or very little planning. The requirements are understood and implemented when they come. This model works best for small projects with smaller size development team which are working together. It is also useful for academic software development projects. It is an ideal model where requirements is either unknown or final release date is not given. Summary
What is system life cycle?systematic process, known as a system life cycle, which consists of six stages: feasibility study, system analysis, system design, programming and testing, installation, and operation and maintenance. The first five stages are system development proper, and the last stage is the long-term exploitation.
What is the main purpose of the system investigation phase?It is a way of handling the user's request to change, improve or enhance an existing system.
Which is not a part of data flow diagram?DFD does not have control flow and no loops or decision rules are present. Specific operations depending on the type of data can be explained by a flowchart.
What is the comon reason for changing an information system?The most common reason why organizations choose to develop a new information system is that their current system can no longer meet the demands or needs of their users. New software and technology advancements also play a role too.
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