Which of the following did not contribute to the end of traditional courtship patterns in the United States quizlet?

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The two categories of sexual activity prior to the late nineteenth century included the following

A) premarital and marital.
B) marital and extramarital.
C) religiously approved and religiously disapproved.
D) socially approved and socially disapproved.

D

The idea that sexual acts and preferences are socially organized is no more than _____ years old.

A) 200
B) 175
C) 150
D) 75

c

The _______________ put the country on its ear when it published the results about men's sexual behavior.

A) Martin Report
B) National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG)
C) Kinsey Report

D) Hite Report

c

The group most likely to show a link between biology and homosexuality would be

A) siblings
B) siblings who were adopted
C) fraternal twins
D) identical twins

d

Today, in general, couples in a marriage are most likely to

A) be less likely to agree that extra marital sex was wrong than they were in 1972
B) have an "open" marriage
C) have had at least on extramarital partner during their marriage
D) practice sexual monogamy

d

The fact that sexual identities have only recently emerged as a concept suggests that:

A) they are socially constructed.
B) this is a new phenomenon.
C) this is a phenomenon not worthy of study.
D) we need to base everything on biology.

a

Social constructionists would argue that sexual identities

A) are effected by the environment
B) don't have particular boundaries that are followed
C) vary from culture to culture
D) are not measured on a continuum

c

Social constructivists believe that sexual identities

A) are determined by both social and biological factors.
B) are the same across cultures.
C) vary from culture to culture.
D) are determined by social norms.

c

The Kinsey Report, a book published in 1948, shocked the nation because

A) of the high number of men who admitted to have had sexual relations with other men.
B) the author's claim that sexuality should be viewed as a continuum running from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual.
C) of the high number of men who admitted to sexual feelings toward other men.
D) all of the above

d

A person's sexual orientation is a result of

A) genetics
B) socialization
C) peer pressure
D) still undetermined

d

Which of the following was not a factor in changing the nature of marriage from companionship to individualization?

A) a rise in the standard of living
B) increasing economic independence of young women
C) the exposure of women to new ideas beyond the home
D) the migration of large numbers of people to rural areas

d

Recent studies suggest that cohabitation is

A) an alternative way of being single
B) a testing ground for marriage
C) an alternative to marriage
D) all of the above

d

A marriage in which the emphasis is on affection, sexual gratification and friendship is called

A) institutional marriage
B) companionate marriage
C) individualistic marriage
D) companionable marriage

b

Increasingly, people in American society enter into marriage because:

A) they enjoy the openness, self-disclosure, communication, and mutual dependence that marriage brings.
B) of dissatisfaction with the dating scene.
C) they want to increase their level of personal satisfaction.
D) of the spiritual side of marriage.

c

Dating

A) shifted the balance of power in favor of women
B) was a system of exchanging goods for companionship
C) had its heyday from 1945-1970
D) was rare until 1920

b

Which of the following did not contribute to the end of traditional courtship patterns in the United States?

A) migration from rural areas to cities
B) higher standards of living
C) growth in passionate love as a basis for marriage
D) extended adolescence

c

Living together without marrying would be more common among the poor of a society primarily because

A) of loose morals.
B) of different values.
C) it matters less who is morally or legally bound to whom.
D) there is less social stigma

c

Compared to women with less education and lower earnings, the specialization model predicts that women with more education and higher earnings are __________ likely to marry while the income-pooling model predicts they are __________ likely to marry.

A) less; more
B) more; less
C) equally; more
D) equally; less

a

Burgess, a family sociologist,

A) felt that the individualized type of marriage was the best form
B) did not foresee the dual-earner marriage overtaking the breadwinner-homemaker marriage
C) predicted that the bread-winner homemaker marriage model could not last
D) that men and women should have an equal share of the household chores

b

The institutional marriage is marked predominately by

A) equal sharing of household chores and childcare.
B) mutual respect.
C) an attachment based on love and caring.
D) strict roles dictating how one is to behave within the family unit

d

Some observers have suggested that balancing work and family has become difficult for Americans because they are

A) working longer hours.
B) working to hard.
C) earning less money.
D) receiving fewer benefits.

a

In 2004, what percentage of all workers had evening, night, or rotating schedules?

A) 18
B) 5
C) 22
D) 32

a

Which of the following factors is not related to women's increased participation in the labor force?

A) expansion of manufacturing jobs
Feedback:
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B) rising divorce rate
C) lower fertility rate
D) expansion of service jobs

a

By the mid-200s, what percentage of wage and salary workers telecommuted on an average day?

A) 50.
B) 5
C) 10
D) 35

c

Face-to-face activity in which one person meets the needs of another who cannot fully care for herself or himself is called

A) personal assistance.
B) nursing.
C) care work.
D) none of the above.

c

One-third of all dual-earner married couples arrange for childcare by

A) hiring nannies.
B) enlisting the help of relatives.
C) working different shifts.
D) receiving government aid

c

Time study diaries that covered almost 40 years compared the changes in the amount of time women and men spent in household work and they found

A) women are spending fewer hours in housework
B) men are spending more hours in housework
C) women were spending 4 times as many minutes caring for children than were men
D) both A and B

d

The percentage of Americans who work very long weeks (50 hours or more) is higher than in

A) France
B) The United Kingdom
C) Germany
D) all of the above

d

Most childcare assistance currently offered by U.S. business firms benefits

A) women.
B) the working-class
C) men.
D) the middle-class.

d

The first parental leave act passed by U.S. Congress in 1993 (and still in effect) provided parental leave under the following conditions

A) employees working in firms with less than 50 employees.
B) 12 weeks paid leave to all employed workers.
C) 12 weeks paid leave.
D) 12 weeks unpaid leave in firms with more than 50 employees

d

The best parents (that is, those who are most likely to produce children who are socially competent) perform three tasks well: they set clear standards, they enforce standards consistently without harsh punishment, and they __________.

A) spend a lot of money on their children
B) provide substantial emotional support
C) put the marital relationship as a second priority to the parental relationship for many years
D) reason with their children

b

In the United States each class socializes its children to:

A) respect conformity.
B) understand the value of obedience.
C) fit the same kinds of job positions they themselves have.
D) choose a different religious preference.

c

About half of the disadvantages of living in a single- parent family are due to

A) the sense of relative deprivation these families experience.
B) low income.
C) lack of supervision.
D) inability to work for pay.

b

Families that maintain continual contact with each other though they live in different countries are called

A) transnational families
B) immigrant caregivers
C) migrant families
D) immigrant families

a

The few, and admittedly biased, studies of children growing up in lesbian families compared to heterosexual families show that

A) there are substantial differences between the two.
B) there is little significant difference between the two.
C) there are differences for boys but not girls in the homosexual families.
D) there are differences for girls but not boys in the homosexual families.

b

The different manner in which parents treat male and female children can be attributed to ______, which have little to do with true biological differences.

A) class roles
B) religious roles
C) gender roles
D) all of the above

c

An important difference between working-class and middle-class parents with respect to socialization is

A) that working-class parents tend to stress independence and curiosity.
B) that working-class parents tend toward permissive parenting.
C) that middle-class parents are more likely to stress authority and conformity.
D) that working-class parents stress qualities that will allow their children to enter blue-collar jobs and middle-class parents stress qualities that will allow their children to enter white-collar jobs.

d

The major source of primary socialization for children in the United States is

A) school.
B) church.
C) family.
D) day care.

c

People surveyed in 2003 believed what percentage of children lived in poverty:

A) 30%.
B) 10%.
C) 35%
D) 50%

a

The changing nature of adoption is reflected in the fact that

A) two-thirds of the children adopted have a disability
B) a significant portion of adopted children are foreign born
C) sixty percent of foreign-born children were from Asian countries
D) all of the above

b

Among the elderly, those most likely to be poor are:

A) older.
B) female.
C) African American or Hispanic.
D) all of the above

d

Skipped-generation households are created because of the following reason(s)

A) child abuse by parent
B) incarceration of parent
C) drug abuse or illness
D) all of the above

d

Today in the United States there are more than ______________ centenarians, people who live to be more than 100 years old.

A) 25,000
B) 50,000
C) 75,000
D) 100,000

b

Intergenerational ties are becoming more important because of

A) the greater life expectancy of grandparents.
B) the decline of the two-parent nuclear family.
C) lack of public care of the elderly.
D) the increased importance of family in the U.S. society.

b

Women have greater ambivalent feelings toward their parents than men because

A) they have less time to take care of them today because of employment.
B) grandparents often are called upon for help with childcare.
C) older people have greater life expectancy today.
D) both a and b

d

Of the following living arrangements, which is the most likely one for elderly men today in the United States?

A) living alone
B) living with a spouse
C) living with other relatives
D) living with other non-relatives

b

Public awareness of nursing home care for the elderly has been influenced in recent years by numerous expose-type news articles and documentaries. This focus has had the perhaps unintended result of many U.S. citizens believing that _____ of the elderly live in nursing homes, when in fact, most of the elderly are cared for by _____.

A) a minority; home-care nurses
B) a majority; members of their families

C) a majority; government social programs
D) a minority; friends and neighbors who check in on them

b

Falling mortality and fertility rates have altered the kinship bonds of people in the United States. The major change has been

A) an increase in horizontal ties and a decrease in vertical ties across generations.
B) decreasing bonds of kinship of any type.
C) decreasing links vertically across generations.
D) decreasing horizontal bonds and increasing vertical bonds of kinship across generations

d

The most common generation linkage of kin in the United States is __________ generations.

A) five
B) four
C) three
D) two

c

Which of the following factors did not contribute to the elderly relying on kin for support in the earlier history of our country?

A) social welfare programs
B) unemployment
C) death
D) lower wages

a

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