Which of the following characteristics was shared by the Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal empires?

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Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals; the gunpowder empires.

Terms in this set (10)

Which event was most directly responsible for the rise of the gunpowder empires in Turkey, Iran, and India and similar states in Tsarist Russia and Ming China?

The collapse of the Mongol Empire and its khanates
- The end of the Mongol realm led to a power vacuum, with the five powers stepping into the gap.

The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires shared all of these characteristics EXCEPT
(a)They originated in Turkish nomadic cultures of the steppe.
(b) They were based on conquest and the use of military technologies.
(c) They began with absolutist rulers and efficient bureaucracies.
(d) They ruled predominantly Muslim populations

(D) They ruled predominantly Muslim populations.
- Although all three were Muslim peoples, the Muhgals in India rules many Hindus, and the Ottomans ruled many Christians.

The class which initially dominated the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal states and social heirarchy was...

a military aristocracy.
- In keeping with their origins as warring steppe nomads, and in reward for their role in gaining all three empires, the military leaders of each formed a new military aristocracy.

In order to supply its elite Janissaries and palace bureaucrats with soldiers, the Turks...

forcibly conscripted young Christian boys, converted them to Islam, and trained them.
- The practice was long used by the Turks to fill the ranks in their armies.

All of these developments weakened the rule of the Ottoman government EXCEPT:
(a) powerful factions within the Janissaries and court bureaucrats.
(b) the hedonistic lifestyles of many sultans.
(c) corruption and graft
(d) the development of the office of vizier

(d) the development of the office of vizier.
- All contributed to division within the state, but the viziers were not in themselves a threat.

The Safavids arose to power in Persia primarily due to...

their support for the Shi'ite cause.
- Support for Shi'ism, is what separated the Safavids from neighboring groups, and was a unifying force.

During their reign, Safavid policies in Persia...

fostered as sense of Persian religious nationalism and social unity.
- The Safavids adopted the Persian language and many Persian customs, which, along with Shi'ism, forged a strong national identity.

Unlike the Ottomans and Safavids conquerors, Babur...

did not conquer lands for religious reasons.
- Babur's conquests were in pursuit of his own original kingdom, not for religious reasons.

Akbar used the following to build a stable state in India EXCEPT
(a) a well-trained, well-led military.
(b) an efficient bureaucracy and administration.
(c) patronage of the arts and intellectual developments.
(d) promotion of foreigners, especially Europeans, to positions of power.

(d) promotion of foreigners, especially Europeans, to positions of power.
- Foreigners played no part in Akbar's reforms.

Which of these statements about women in India during the Mughal Empire is TRUE?
(a) Child-bride marriages were ended.
(b) Seclusion (purdah) of upper-class Hindu and Muslim women began.
(c) Widow remarriage was temporarily encouraged, but then became rare.
(d) The practice of sati ended.

(c) Widow remarriage was temporarily encouraged, but then became rare.
- Akbar attempted A and D, and tried to ease purdah, but was more successful in promoting widow remarriage. The latter became rare under his successors. While only the birth of a son was a joyous occasion, the birth of girls was seen as unlucky.

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Which of the following best describes the relationship between the Ottoman and the Safavid empires?