A search for unrecorded liabilities is a fundamental, almost universally applied procedure in all audits. The scope of such a search frequently includes a sampling of subsequent cash disbursements, which is an example of testing one population for understatement by sampling through a “reciprocal” population where unrecorded or otherwise missing balances or transactions are likely to reside. Unfortunately, in practice one often finds auditors sampling through subsequent disbursements without regard for as-yet unpaid purchase or expense invoices that have been entered post–balance sheet into a payables system (i.e., through a payables or purchases journal or voucher register) or that have not yet been entered into any system and are sitting on someone’s desk. Accordingly, auditors must understand the business’s method and timeliness (in relation to cutting checks) of recording payables and be cognizant of, and address, these risks. Show
When there is a longer-than-usual time interval between recording payables and cutting the checks—a common circumstance with financially troubled entities or during periods of economic stress—an auditor should consider merging the populations from the post–balance sheet payables journal (or whatever it is called) and the disbursements journal and eliminate duplicates before sampling (IDEA or Excel software should be able to do this easily). Lastly, auditors should consider whether the client has an unentered invoice file that needs to be examined for possible underaccruals. If the business does not maintain physical control of the unentered invoices, then extended audit procedures such as payables confirmations are probably warranted. One certainly should not wait until near the end of the audit to make that decision. In certain circumstances, an alternative to sampling for searching for unrecorded liabilities might be more appropriate, such as when there are relatively few large vendors that account for a substantial portion of the year’s purchases and the year-end accounts payable. In such a case, a more effective and efficient audit procedure might be auditing reconciliations of recorded payables to vendors’ statements or confirmations. When the risk of unrecorded liabilities is not significant, a properly designed substantive analytical test might adequately reduce the risk of undetected material understatement of recorded payables. When the combined risk of material mis-statement from unrecorded liabilities is assessed as low, scanning the population for unusual items in lieu of sampling might sometimes provide sufficient audit comfort. Caution should be exercised, however, to ensure that this process is assigned to a member of the audit team with sufficient experience, judgment, and knowledge of the client to identify what is unusual. Many auditors have long believed that, whatever the selected procedure, a search for unrecorded liabilities should invariably be performed on a population that extends through the last day in the field (i.e., the report date). Under the principles of risk-based auditing, however, it is generally inefficient, and therefore unnecessary, to do so; rather, one should define the risk period during which unrecorded liabilities are likely to appear. Perhaps a more serious consequence of choosing a post–balance sheet test period that extends too far beyond the risk period is that it will cause any projected error to be overstated and unreliable. This is particularly true when findings (exceptions) are concentrated in the early part of the test period, which is normally expected to be the case except in the weakest of control environments. The appropriate length of such a period should ordinarily depend on an auditor’s risk assessment, based on the client’s observed pattern of recording payables or making payments and current financial health under prevalent economic conditions. Auditors should be cognizant that such conditions may likely have slowed down the client’s cash flows so that 1) the client’s staff may have been reduced or 2) for reasons of slow cash inflow, payables are processed and paid slower than in the past. Accordingly, during periods of economic stress, an auditor should consider for certain clients whether the “risk period” for defining the population for sampling should be lengthened from what it may have been in the past for certain clients. Howard B. Levy, CPA is a principal and director of technical services at Piercy Bowler Taylor & Kern, Las Vegas, Nev., and an independent technical consultant to other professionals. He is a former member of the AICPA’s Auditing Standards Board and its Accounting Standards Executive Committee, and a current member of its Center for Audit Quality’s Smaller Firms Task Force. He is a member of The CPA Journal Editorial Advisory Board. Search for unrecorded liabilities is the audit testing procedure that auditors perform to verify if they are understated by completely not recording them. Auditors perform such tests of the search for unrecorded liabilities to give an appropriate response to assess the risk of
understatement of liabilities. In the industrial environment, searching for unrecorded assets like debtors or accounts receivable as being unrecorded is improbable to search for unrecorded liabilities like accounts payable or notes payable. The reason is that management of the company typically intends to understate the liabilities or expenses rather than the understated assets or revenues since these are the critical financial figures that link their performance. This would
mean that liabilities have more risk of being unrecorded than the accounts of assets. Auditors shall perform audit procedures to search for unrecorded liabilities to test completeness aspects of all the liabilities of books of account. It also helps to determine if liabilities shall be excluded or included from the current accounting period.  Examples of Search for Unrecorded liabilitiesHere, we discuss what audit procedures need to be followed to search for two liabilities, i.e., accounts payable and notes payable as: In the case of accounts payable, an audit procedure is performed to test completeness assertion through the following steps:
In an audit using a sample, the risk of material misstatement is directly proportional to selecting the sample size. Hence, the auditor needs to exercise his professional judgment and competence. Suppose the auditor assesses the risk of material misstatement as high. In that case, the sample size selection should be enlarged, and the auditor shall try to reduce the risk to an acceptable level. Advertisements The audit procedures in the case of notes payable are similar to that of accounts payable. As it happens, the notes payable have a large sum involved, and hence, the risk of material misstatement in case of notes payable increases massively. Substantive audit procedures need to be performed in the case of notes payable. The auditor needs to confirm the existence and year-end balances by making direct confirmation from the third parties. Further, the auditors should analyze board meetings minutes for authorization of debts and check if any debts have been unrecorded as such. Audit Procedures to search for unrecorded liabilities.The auditor should verify the unrecorded liability by applying the given audit procedures:
Which of the following audit procedures is best for identifying unrecorded?Which of the following audit procedures is best for identifying unrecorded trade accounts payable? Reviewing cash disbursements recorded subsequent to the balance sheet date to determine whether the related payable applies to the prior period.
How do you audit unrecorded liabilities?The auditor should verify the unrecorded liability by applying the given audit procedures:. The auditor shall verify purchase orders and all supporting documents with journal entries related to purchases and cash disbursals. ... . Analytical procedures are done in order to test the trend and look for unusual relations.. Which of the following procedures would an auditor most likely perform in searching for unrecorded?Which of the following procedures would an auditor most likely perform in searching for unrecorded liabilities? Vouch a sample cash disbursements recorded jsut after year end to receiving reports and vendor invoices.
Which of the following procedures would least likely lead the auditor to detect unrecorded?Which of the following audit procedures would be least likely to lead the auditors to find unrecorded fixed asset disposals? Review of repairs and maintenance expense.
|
Which of the following audit procedures is the most effective for detecting unrecorded liabilities?
zusammenhängende Posts
Urheberrechte © © 2024 ketiadaan Inc.
