 Show The Origin of Species Revised March 2018 www.BioInteractive.org Page 1 of 5 ___________ _________ _________ The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch Film Guide Student Handout NAME_______________________ DATE_________________ This handout supplements the short film The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch. 1. Which is the most likely explanation for the presence of 13 different finch species on the Galápagos Islands today? a. Many years ago, several different species of birds migrated to the islands and the 13 finch species that currently live there are the only species that survived. b. Many years ago, a small population of a single bird species migrated to the islands and evolved into the 13 species that live on the islands today. c. Each of the 13 species has migrated to the islands at different times over the years. d. A single bird species migrated to one island at around the time of Charles Darwin’s voyage to the Galápagos and then migrated to all 13 islands. 2. Different finch species have beaks of different shapes and sizes. These different beak structures are evidence of a. different finch species adapting to different environments over many generations. b. different finch species with different beak structures coming to the Galápagos Islands from the mainland. c. different finch populations being evolutionarily related. d. individual birds changing their beak characteristics so that they could feed efficiently. 3. Examine the phylogenetic tree of the 13 finch species below. Which of the following statements is a correct interpretation of the phylogenetic tree in the illustration? a. The sharp-beaked ground finch is more closely related to the small tree finch than either species is to the cactus finch. b. The warbler finch is the common ancestor to all the finch species that exist today in the Galápagos Islands. c. All the Galápagos finches are more closely related to one another than they are to mainland finch species. d. The 13 finch species evolved in sequence; the warbler finch is the oldest species and the small ground finch is the most recent species to evolve How did finches survive the drought?Because the drought reduced the number of seeds and finches with bigger beaks were able to eat the larger and harder seeds so more of them survived.
Which medium ground finches were better able to survive the drought?Medium ground finches with smaller beaks, however, survived a severe two-year drought better than medium ground finches with larger beaks, the researchers report in the journal Science.
What was the trait that made it possible for a bird to survive the drought of 1977?During the drought in 1977, the finches' main food source changed from small, soft seeds to large, hard seeds. Finches with bigger beaks were more likely to survive the drought because they were better able to use these large, hard seeds as food.
What happened to the medium ground finches after the drought?Medium ground finches with larger beaks could take advantage of alternate food sources because they could crack open larger seeds. The smaller-beaked birds couldn't do this, so they died of starvation.
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What trait determined which individual medium ground finches survived the drought?
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