What percentage of the American public calls radio its main news source quizlet?

-Important changes in the nature of American politics have gone hand in hand with major changes in the organization and technology of the press.
-There are five important periods in journalistic history.

THE PARTY PRESS:
-In the early years of the Republic, politicians of various factions and parties created, sponsored and controlled newspapers to further their interests.
-Party control was possible because circulation was hard and because newspapers were expensive. There were few large advertisers to pay the bills so the newspapers required subsidies that frequently came from the government or a political party.
-The Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, created the Gazzette of the United States. The Republicans, led by Thomas Jefferson, retaliated by creating the National Gazette. Ever since, presidents have started and subsidized newspapers.
-Due to this party control, newspapers were relentlessly partisan in their views.
-Only a few people read newspapers.

THE POPULAR PRESS:
-Changes in society and technology made possible the rise of a self-supporting, mass-readership daily newspaper.
-High-speed rotary press enabled publishers to print thousands of copies of a newspaper cheaply and quickly. The invention of the telegraph and the creation of the Associated Press in 1848 allowed the telegraphic dissemination of information to newspaper editors on a systematic basis. AP provided stories that had to be brief and that went to newspapers of every political hue. Because of this, they could not afford to be partisan or biased.
-Newspapers soon didn't need government subsidies and all printing contracts that Washington newspapers once enjoyed were put to an end.
-The mass-readership newspaper was scarcely nonpartisan, but he partisanship it displayed arose from the convictions of its publishers and editors rather than the influence of its party sponsors.
-Sensationalism seeped into newspapers so as to provide great appeal for the average citizen.
-Strong-willed publishers could often become powerful political forces. William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer.
-Mass-readership newspapers began to create a common national culture, to establish feasibility of a press free of government and to demonstrate how exciting and profitable the criticism of public policy and the revelation of public scandal could be.
-Mass politics arose and every had access to newspapers

MAGAZINES OF OPINION:
-These magazines grew out of a desire of the middle class for political reform and a belief in the progressive movement.
-National magazines devoted to issues of public policy sprouted.
-These magazines provided the means for developing a national constituency for certain issues.
-In time, the great circulation wars between big-city daily newspapers started to wane, as the mores successful papers bought up or otherwise eliminated their competition.
-This reduced the need for sensationalism.
-In the late 19th century, politics dominated the pages of most national magazine.
-Interest groups formed

ELECTRONIC JOURNALISM:
-Radio came on the national scene in the 1920s. Television came in the 1940s.
-This represented a major change in the way news was gathered and disseminated.
-A broadcast allows public officials to speak directly to audiences without their remarks being filtered through editors and reporters. They could reach the nation without reliance on the services of parties, interest groups, or friendly editors .
-Regardless, there was an offsetting disadvantage: people could easily ignore a speech broadcast on a radio or television station, either by not listening at all or by tuning to a different station. By contrast, the views of politicians and public figures would receive prominent and often unavoidable display in newspapers.
-On top of this, newspapers were cheaper and could carry more information than a broadcast on radio or television.
-To gain electronic media coverage, then, public officials had to do something noticeable and sensational to gain free access to radio and television news.
-As television became more popular, public officials had to do something more exciting to receive access to television or radio. Once they received attention, they received very little time and had to do something that kept the audience awake instead of having some traditional "talking-heads" news shows.
-Politicians are able to build bridges to voters

THE INTERNET:
-The internet has been widely used by a majority of all Americans to get political news about elections.
-The internet is the ultimate free market in political news: no one can ban, control, or regulate it, and no one can keep facts, opinions, or nonsense off of it.
-The internet allowed for:
1. Scanning political ideas posted on blogs.
2. It played a huge rule in politics and elections
3. Voters and political activists can talk to each other.
-The internet has profoundly affected politics by making it easier to:
1. Raise money in donations
2. Organize people to attend meetings
3. Take instant opinion polls
4. Disseminate instant criticism of your opponent
5. Mobilize local followers
6. Provide campaigners with the names of people they should contact.