What is the maximum sustained yield of an economically valuable species quizlet?

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(Oil, Energy (wave and tides, OTEC, Desalination, and Minerals NACL). Oil: Much oil reserves under oceans. There are more then 3000 rigs in the GOM. Depth of Drilling increasing as technology advances. Methane and natural gases can be collected too. An area of high interest for oil is the North Sea. Problems with Oil: rare metals, minerals are located on the uplift, which is where two plates are coming together. The problem with this is they are hard to access, but has big potential payoff. Another problem with oil is it is $$$. A drawback from methane is it is considered a "dirty fuel" (Includes "Rare earth metals"). Energy: Tidal energy is energy that can be harnessed as a result of the movement of tides. It has a lot of KE available, just needs to be collected. This process of collecting the energy is used in France and Ireland. Process evolves the water pushing turbines similar to hydroelectric dams, it can affect the flow. There are also devices to collect wave energy, which is another potential source of energy. As with tidal energy, water flow can be converted into electricity by turbine generators. Wave energy uses buoys. The US and Western Europe often use wave strategy for energy. Another way to harvest energy from the ocean is to take advantage of the temperature difference between surface and deep water, a process called ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC). OTEC: uses cases with low boiling points and the twenty degree C temperature difference between surface and deep water (Common in tropics). Problems with OTEC: bio fouling. Desalination: Plants that convert seawater into freshwater were first built in coastal regions that lack a sufficient supply of fresh water. Mainly in desert and middesert regions like the middle east of North Africa. If desalinators become more affordable and efficient, great way to supply fresh water. Minerals: Chief production of sweater of table salt, NaCl.

- Tuna, salmon, snapper, etc. are major fisheries. Biggest fishers are actually clupeids(small panlton-feeding fishes that form huge schools). Biggest fishery in GOM? Gulf menhaden. Most of the word's fishers are coastal. Costal fisheries take both bottom, and demersal, and open water, or pelagic catches. Other valuable fishers are found in the open ocean far from the coast.

- a. Biggest fishery in GOM → Gulf menhaden
i. Grind up menhaden and use it to feed other fish
ii. Fish oil usually comes from menhaden
b. Tuna, salmon, and snapper are major fisheries
c. Clupeids are the biggest fisheries → herrings, sardines, etc.

By-catch, organisms that are caught unintentionally while fishing for other species, is a problem. Example of sampling methods that produces a lot of bycatch- trawling, longlines, and ghost fishing. Some of the by-catch is kept but much of it is discarded. Even if it is released alive, most of the discarded by-catch dies. A large part of the by-catch in trawl fisheries is juveniles of valuable species sought in other fisheries, or worse, of protected species like cod in the North Atlantic. How did ecologist reduce bycatch on an oyster lease? Scientist did an experiment and they wanted to see if removal of black drum would increase oyster survival. Black drum feed on oysters and are their biggest predators. When oysters are little a lot of things fed on them( mud crabs, snails, blue crabs but as get bigger those things can't open claws big enough to eat them). Black drum one of few things that can feed on them. The drum were removed from leases with gill nets and trot lines→ this increased oyster survival. Sharks, stingrays and jacks that are important to estuarine food chain were also removed.
By-catch: The by-catch of oysters is rare, because oyster reefs damage the nets used in other fisheries. Thus, fishers using nets usually avoid oyster reefs. Conversely, the by-catch of other fished species during oyster harvest is also rare, because oyster dredging and tonging only target oyster reefs.
Teds -Turtle excluder devices- reduces turtle bycatch from shrimping trawls.
Which technique should be used to remove the most drums and minimize the impact on the fish community? Trotlines

What is maximum sustainable yield quizlet?

What is a sustainable yield quizlet?

What happens at the maximum sustained yield in a fishery quizlet?

What is sustainability and the maximum sustainable yield MSY )?