The differences in the passages above are most likely a result of which of the following?

the Modified Mercalli Scale
the elastic rebound theory
the principle of superposition
the travel time difference

  • The amount of ground displacement in a earthquake is called the _________ .

    epicenter
    dip
    slip
    focus

  • The point where movement occurred which triggered the earthquake is the _______ .

    dip
    epicenter
    focus
    strike

  • Which of the following sequences correctly lists the different arrivals from first to last?

    P waves ... S waves .... Surface waves
    Surface waves ... P waves .... S waves
    P waves ... Surface waves ... S waves
    S waves ... P waves .... Surface waves

  • How do rock particles move during the passage of a P wave through the rock?

    back and forth parallel to the direction of wave travel
    back and forth perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
    in a rolling circular motion
    the particles do not move

  • Detailed studies of what earthquake allowed researchers to develop the elastic rebound theory?.

    the 1906 San Francisco earthquake
    the 1964 Anchorage, Alaska earthquake
    the 1755 Lisbon, Portugal earthquake
    the 1985 Mexico CIty earthquake

  • How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?

    1
    2
    3
    4

  • Earthquakes can occur with _________ faulting.

    normal
    reverse
    thrust
    all of these

  • Approximately what percentage of earthquakes occur at plate boundaries?

    25%
    50%
    75%
    90%

  • Which type of faulting would be least likely to occur along the mid-Atlantic ridge?

    normal
    reverse
    transform
    all of these could occur

  • How often do magnitude 8 earthquakes occur?

    about 5 to 10 times per year
    about once a year
    about every 5 to 10 years
    about every 50 to 100 years

  • The bulk modulus measures ______________.

    the resistance to flow of a liquid
    the resistance to change in color
    the resistance to change in volume
    the resistance to change in shape

  • The shear modulus measures _____________ .

    the resistance to flow of a liquid
    the resistance to change in shape
    the resistance to change in volume of a liquid
    the resistance to change in volume of a solid

  • If only density increases with increasing depth within the Earth, the velocity of a P wave should ___________ .

    stay the same
    increase
    decrease

  • If a P wave were to go from a solid to a liquid - what would happen to its velocity?

    stay the same
    increase
    decrease to 0.0
    decrease

  • If an S wave were to go from a solid to a liquid - what would happen to its velocity?

    stay the same
    increase
    decrease to 0.0
    decrease

  • Which boundary marks a change from 100% solid to 100% liquid?

    mantle ... outer core
    lithosphere ... asthenosphere
    crust ... mantle
    none of these

  • Body waves consist of the:

    P waves only
    S waves only
    P and S waves
    Surface waves

  • With increasing travel time the difference in arrival times between the P and the S waves _________

    increases
    decreases
    stays constant
    none of the above

  • Earthquake A has a Richter magnitude of 7 as compared with earthquake B's 6. The amount of ground motion is one measure of earthquake intensity.

    A is 10X more intense than B
    A is 1000 more intense than B
    Richter magnitude does not measure intensity
    B is 0.01X as intense than A

  • In general, the most destructive earthquake waves are the __________ .

    P waves
    S waves
    Surface waves
    Q waves

  • Where is the focus with respect to the epicenter:

    directly below the epicenter
    directly above the epicenter
    in the P wave shadow zone
    in the S wave shadow zone

  • Point A, where slip initiated during the earthquake, is called the ________.

    dip
    epicenter
    focus
    scarp

  • Point B is called the earthquake ________.

    dip
    epicenter
    focus
    scarp

  • Point C is called the _________

    epicenter
    fault scarp
    seismic wave
    dip of the earthquake

  • What type of faulting is illustrated in this diagram?

    normal
    reverse
    thrust
    abnormal

  • What causes the up-and-down wiggles on the seismogram show above?

    variations in air pressure
    ground vibrations
    tsunami waves
    electromagnetic pulses

  • Which set of waves are probably the surface waves?

    A
    B
    C
    They are all surface waves

  • Which set of waves are the P waves?

    A
    B
    C
    They are all P waves

  • Which set of waves are the S waves?

    A
    B
    C
    They are all S waves

  • The difference in arrival times between which pair of waves can be used to determine the distance to the epicenter?

    A and C
    A and B
    None of the above

  • How do rock particles move during the passage of a P wave through the rock?

    back and forth parallel to the direction of wave travel
    perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
    in a rolling elliptical motion
    in a rolling circular motion

  • How do rock particles move during the passage of a S wave through the rock?

    back and forth parallel to the direction of wave travel
    perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
    in a rolling elliptical motion
    in a rolling circular motion

  • Who developed the procedure used to measure the size of an earthquake?

    Charles Richter
    Edward Sheridan
    James Hutton
    Art Smith

  • The moment magnitude of an earthquake depends on all of the following except __.

    the area of the fault break
    the rigidity of the fault
    the slip on the fault
    the type of faulting

  • Which of the following measures an earthquake's intensity based on the observed effects on people and structures?

    Richter scale
    Modified Mercalli scale
    the Centigrade scale
    the moment magnitude scale

  • Shallow earthquakes, less than 20 km deep, are associated with _______.

    convergent plate boundaries
    divergent plate boundaries
    transform plate boundaries
    all of these

  • What type of faulting would be most likely to occur along transform faults?

    normal faulting
    reverse faulting
    strike-slip faulting
    all of these

  • What type of earthquakes would most likely occur at point A?

    shallow-focus earthquakes caused by normal faulting
    shallow-focus earthquakes caused by strike-slip faulting
    shallow-focus earthquakes caused by thrust faulting
    deep-focus earthquakes caused by thrust faulting

  • What type of earthquakes would most likely occur at point B?

    shallow-focus earthquakes caused by normal faulting
    shallow-focus earthquakes caused by strike-slip faulting
    shallow-focus earthquakes caused by thrust faulting
    deep-focus earthquakes caused by thrust faulting

  • Which of the following did not occur at a plate boundary?

    New Madrid, Missouri, 1812
    San Francisco, 1906
    Anchorage, Alaska, 1964
    Loma Prieta, California, 1989

  • Which of the following can be triggered by an earthquake?

    tsunami
    intense ground shaking
    a landslide
    all of these

  • Which of the following can trigger a tsunami?

    undersea earthquakes
    undersea landslides
    the eruption of an oceanic volcano
    all of these

  • Which of the following waves is the slowest?

    P waves
    S waves
    Surface waves
    tsunami

  • Which of the following statements is false?

    Most earthquakes occur at plate boundaries
    The time and location of most major earthquakes can be predicted several days in advance
    Earthquakes can be caused by normal, reverse and strike-slip faulting
    P waves travel faster than both S waves and Surface waves

  • Which of the following observations may indicate a forthcoming destructive earthquake?

    An increase in the frequency of smaller earthquakes in the region
    rapid tilting of the ground
    rapid changes in water levels in wells
    all of these

  • Which of the following statements best describes the state of earthquake prediction?

    scientists can accurately predict the time and location of almost all earthquakes
    scientists can accurately predict the time and location of about 50% of all earthquakes
    scientists can accurately predict when an earthquake will occur, but not where
    scientists can characterize the seismic risk of an area, but can not yet accurately predict most earthquakes

    •
    differences passages result

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