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Contents loading... Editors loading... Categories loading... When refering to evidence in academic writing, you should always try to reference the primary (original) source. That is usually the journal article where the information was first stated. In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. Physiopedia articles are best used to find the original sources of information (see the references list at the bottom of the article). If you believe that this Physiopedia article is the primary source for the information you are refering to, you can use the button below to access a related citation statement. Description[edit | edit source]The humerus is a long bone which consists of a shaft (diaphysis) and two extremities (epiphysis). It is the longest bone of the upper extremity. Structure[edit | edit source] Upper Extremity Features[edit | edit source]The head of the humerus is the proximal articular surface of the upper extremity, which is an irregular hemisphere. It articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula. The anatomical neck is the part between the head and the tuberosities. The surgical neck is the part between the tuberosities and the shaft. The greater tuberosity it is located lateral to the head at the proximal end. The lesser tuberosity is located inferior to the head, on the anterior part of the humerus, Its very prominent and palpable. Bicipital (intertubercular) groove is located between the two tuberosities. The long head of the biceps tendon is placed here. Body Features[edit | edit source]The body of the humerus has three borders and three surfaces. Borders[edit | edit source]
Surfaces[edit | edit source]
Function[edit | edit source]The humerus serves as an attachment to 13 muscles which contribute to the movements of the hand and elbow, and therefore the function of the upper limb. Video[2][edit | edit source]Articulations[edit | edit source]Glenohumeral joint Elbow joint Muscle Attachments[edit | edit source]
Clinical Relevance[edit | edit source]Proximal end or Head-Surgical Neck Fracture[3]
Shaft-Mid-shaft fracture[3]
Other conditions
References[edit | edit source]
Where is the central ray directed for an AP projection of the humerus?Central ray: The central ray should be directed to the scapulohumeral joint perpendicular to the image receptor. For an AP Axial, a cephalic angle of 35 degrees.
Which rounded eminence of the humerus articulates with the ulna?In human anatomy of the arm, the capitulum of the humerus is a smooth, rounded eminence on the lateral portion of the distal articular surface of the humerus. It articulates with the cupshaped depression on the head of the radius, and is limited to the front and lower part of the bone.
What anatomic structure is shown in profile on a lateral projection of the humerus?Upper Extremeties. What does the head of the radius articulates with?Anatomy. The radial head articulates with the capitellum of the distal humerus and the ulna (proximal radial ulnar joint). The radial head is a secondary stabilizer of the elbow joint along with the radial and lateral ulnar collateral ligaments and the annular ligament.
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The central area of the long cylindrical shaft of the radius, ulna, and humerus is called the:
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