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Effective QuestionsCONTENT
As you’re learning, spreadsheets, query languages, and data visualization tools are all a big part of a data analyst’s job. In this part of the course, you’ll learn more about the basic concepts involved and explore some examples of how these tools work. Learning Objectives
Optional: familiar with data analytics? – take our diagnostic quiz1. Optional speed track for those experienced in data analyticsCategorizing things is one of the six problem types data analysts solve. This type of problem might involve which of the following actions?
Correct: Categorizing things involves classifying or grouping items in order to gain insights. 2. Finding patterns is one of the six problem types data analysts aim to solve. This type of problem might involve which of the following?
Correct: Considering inclusive sample populations, social context, and self-reported data enable fairness in data collection. 3. In the SMART methodology, questions that encourage change are described how?
Correct: Action-oriented questions encourage change. 4. Fill in the blank: In data analytics, qualitative data _____. Select all that apply.
Correct: Qualitative data is subjective and measures qualities and characteristics. Correct: Considering inclusive sample populations, social context, and self-reported data enable fairness in data collection. 5. In data analytics, how are dashboards different from reports?
Correct: Dashboards monitor live, incoming data from multiple datasets and organize the information into one central location. Reports are static collections of data. 6. Small data differs from big data in what ways? Select all that apply.
Correct: Small data involves a small number of specific metrics over a shorter period of time. It’s effective for analyzing day-to-day decisions. Big data involves larger and less specific datasets and focuses on change over a long period of time. It’s effective for analyzing more substantial decisions. 7. Fill in the blank: Some of the most common symbols used in formulas include + (addition), – (subtraction), * (multiplication), and / (division). These are called _____.
Correct: Operators are symbols used in formulas, including + (addition), – (subtraction), * (multiplication), and / (division). 8. In the function =SUM(G1:G35), identify the range.
Correct: In the function =SUM(G1:G35), the range is G1:G35. A range is a collection of two or more cells. 9. To address a vague, complex problem, a data analyst breaks it down into smaller steps. They use a process to help them recognize the current problem or situation, organize available information, reveal gaps and opportunities, and identify options. What does this scenario describe?
Correct: Structured thinking is the Process of recognizing the current problem or situation, organizing available information, revealing gaps and opportunities, and identifying the options. 10. Asking questions including, “Does my analysis answer the original question?” and “Are there other angles I haven’t considered?” enable data analysts to accomplish what tasks? Select all that apply.
Correct: Data analysts ask thoughtful questions to help them reach solid conclusions, consider how to share data with others, and help team members make effective decisions. Test your knowledge on taking action with data1. A data analytics team works to recognize the current problem. Then, they organize available information to reveal gaps and opportunities. Finally, they identify the available options. These steps are part of what process?
Correct: This describes structured thinking. Structured thinking begins with recognizing the current problem or situation. Next, information is organized to reveal gaps and opportunities. Finally, the available options are identified. 2. In which step of the data analysis process would an analyst ask questions such as, “What data errors might get in the way of my analysis?” or “How can I clean my data so the information I have is consistent?”
Correct: An analyst asks questions such as, “What data errors might get in the way of my analysis?” or “How can I clean my data so the information I have is consistent?” during the process step. This is when data is cleaned in order to eliminate any possible errors, inaccuracies, or inconsistencies. 3. A data analyst has entered the Analyze step of the data analysis process. Identify the questions they might ask during this phase. Select all that apply.
Correct: The Analyze step involves thinking analytically about data. Data analysts might ask how the data can help them solve the problem and what story the data is trying to tell. 4. A data analyst is trying to understand what data to use to help solve a business problem. They’re asking questions such as, “What internal data is available in the database?” and “What outside facts do I need to research?” The data analyst is in which phase of the data analysis process?
Correct: The data analyst is in the Prepare step. This is when analysts consider what information to gather and what research they can do to help problem-solve. Test your knowledge on solving problems with data1. A data analyst identifies and classifies keywords from customer reviews to improve customer satisfaction. This is an example of which problem type?
Correct: A data analyst identifying and classifying keywords from customer reviews to improve customer satisfaction is an example of categorizing things. 2. The spotting something unusual problem type could involve which of the following scenarios?
Correct: The problem type of spotting something unusual could involve a data analyst examining why a dataset has a surprising and rare data point. Spotting something unusual deals with identifying and analyzing something out of the ordinary. 3. A data analyst at an online retailer works with historical sales data. The analyst identifies repeating trends in the sales data. This is an example of which problem type?
Correct: This is an example of finding patterns. Finding patterns deals with identifying trends in a data set. Test your knowledge on crafting effective questions1. A data analyst uses the SMART methodology to create a question that encourages change. This type of question can be described how?
Correct: In the SMART methodology, questions that encourage change are action-oriented. 2. A time-bound SMART question specifies which of the following parameters?
Correct: A time-bound SMART question specifies the era, phase, or period of analysis. 3. A data analyst working for a mid-sized retailer is writing questions for a customer experience survey. One of the questions is: “Do you prefer online or in-store?” Then, they rewrite it to say: “Do you prefer shopping at our online marketplace or shopping at your local store?” Describe why this is a more effective question.
Correct: Vague questions do not provide context. The second question clarifies that the data analyst wants to learn exactly how and where customers prefer to shop.
4. A data analyst at a social media company is creating questions for a focus group. They use common abbreviations such as PLS for “please” and LMK for “let me know.” This is fair because the participants use social media a lot and are likely to be technically savvy.
Correct: Fairness means asking questions that make sense to everyone. Even if a data analyst suspects people will understand abbreviations, slang, or other jargon, it’s important to write questions with simple wording. *Weekly Challenge 1*1. Structured thinking involves which of the following processes? Select all that apply.
Correct: Structured thinking involves recognizing the current problem or situation, organizing available information, revealing gaps and opportunities, and identifying the options. 2. While creating data visualizations for a slideshow, a data analyst considers, “What would help a stakeholder understand this data better?” The analyst is in the analyze step of the data analysis process.
Correct: The analyst is in the share phase of the data analysis process. 3. If a cooking supply store wants to attract more customers, where can they advertise to better reach their target audience? Select all that apply.
Correct: To better reach their target audience, they can advertise at a bus stop near a local culinary school, on a podcast for foodies, and on TV during the season finale of The Best Chef in the Universe. A target audience is the people you’re trying to reach. In this scenario, people who enjoy food and cooking are the store’s target audience. 4. A data analyst is working for a local power company. Recently, many new apartments have been built in the community, so the company wants to determine how much electricity it needs to produce for the new residents in the future. A data analyst uses data to help the company make a more informed forecast. This is an example of which problem type?
Correct: This is an example of making predictions. Making predictions deals with making informed decisions about how things may be in the future. 5. Categorizing things involves assigning items to categories. Identifying themes takes those categories a step further, grouping them into broader themes or classifications.
Correct: Categorizing things involves assigning items to categories. Identifying themes takes those categories a step further, grouping them into broader themes or classifications. 6. Which of the following examples are closed-ended questions? Select all that apply.
Correct: Closed-ended questions don’t encourage people to elaborate and share valuable details. 7. The question, “Why don’t our employees complete their timesheets each Friday by noon?” is not action-oriented. Which of the following questions are action-oriented and more likely to lead to change? Select all that apply.
Correct: These questions are action-oriented. That means they’re more likely to result in specific answers that can be acted on to lead to change. 8. Which of the following questions make assumptions? Select all that apply.
Correct: A common example of an unfair question is one that makes assumptions. Unfair questions assume the respondent’s answer to the question. During which phase of data analysis would a data analyst use spreadsheets or query?During which phase of data analysis would a data analyst use spreadsheets or query languages to transform data in order to draw conclusions? Correct. The analyze phase involves using data analytics tools such as spreadsheets and query languages to transform data in order to draw conclusions and make informed decisions.
Which of the following options describes data analysis?Which of the following options describes data analysis? Data analysis is the collection, transformation, and organization of data in order to draw conclusions, make predictions, and drive informed decision-making. In data analytics, a model is a group of elements that interact with one another.
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Organizing available information and revealing gaps and opportunities are part of what process?
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