How can centripetal forces and centrifugal forces apply at the state regional scale and country national scale?

Ethnicity Vocabulary
Barrioization:  The dramatic increase in Hispanic population in a given neighborhood.
Blockbusting:  A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that persons of color will soon move into the neighborhood.
Centrifugal Forces: A centrifugal force is the exact opposite of a centripetal force. It is a force or attitude that tends to divide a state. Centrifugal forces destabilize and weaken a state by disrupting the internal order of the state.
Centripetal Forces: A centripetal force is a force or attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state They provide stability, strengthen the state, help bind people together, and create solidarity. 
Diaspora:  (literally "dispersed") It is often used to refer to Jews or blacks of African descent who maintain aspects of their common heritage despite living in diverse communities throughout the world. 
Ethnic cleansing:  Process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region.  This could involve genocide, or could be limited to forced removal of an ethnic group from their homes or neighborhoods, thus creating refugees.
Ethnic Enclaves: is a place with a high concentration of an ethnic group that is distinct from those in the surrounding area. Ethnic neighborhoods in cities are often referred to as ethnic enclaves, but there are other types (Hungarians in Romania)
Ethnic landscape:  an area that has an ethnic culture, like an ethnic neighborhood, will reveal the visible imprint of that culture on the landscape, for example signs in the language of the culture group or symbols of culture such as certain colors or icons will be present. (usually in the context of urban ethnic neighborhoods).
Ethnic neighborhoods:  Concentrations of people from the same ethnicity in certain pockets of the city (ethnic enclaves)  
Ethnicity:  Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common homeland and cultural traditions.  A person's perceived social and cultural identity. "African-American" "Irish" "Lakota" "Greek"
Ethnoburb:​ suburban area with a cluster of a particular ethnic population. 
Ethnocentrism:  evaluating other peoples and cultures by the standards of one's own culture, thinking one's own culture is superior to the culture of others
Genocide:  A premeditated effort to kill everyone from a particular ethnic group.
Ghetto:  A segregated ethnic area within a city.
Ghettoization:  to turn something into a ghetto, to isolate people in a ghetto and neglect the area thus reinforcing poverty. Housing practices we discussed in Ethnicity were part of this process in the United States.
Great Migration:  was the movement of 6 million African Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the Northeast, Midwest, and West from 1910 to 1970. Some historians differentiate between the first Great Migration (1910–1930), numbering about 1.6 million migrants who left mostly rural areas to migrate to Northern and Midwestern industrial cities, and, after a lull during the Great Depression, a Second Great Migration (1940 to 1970), in which 5 million or more people moved, including many to California and various western cities.
Nation: culturally defined group of people with a shared past and common future
Nation-State:  A sovereign state made of up of people who see themselves as one united group, joined by history, culture or ethnicity. Examples include Denmark, Japan, Germany, and most of Western Europe.
Nationalism: is loyalty and devotion to a nationality. This typically promotes a sense of national consciousness that exalts one nation above all others and emphasizes its culture and interests as opposed to those of other nationalities. 
Nationality: is identity with a group of people who share legal attachment to a particular country. "American" "Peruvian"
Public housing is a form of housing in which the property is owned by a government authority, which may be central or local.
Race:  Identity with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait, such as skin color. (socially constructed).  "Black" "White" 
Racism:  Belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.
Racist:  A person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism.
​Racial Steering: Realtors steeering whites away from African-American neighborhoods and African-Americans away from white neighborhoods. Although made illegal by the Fair Housing Act of 1968 studies have shown it still happens.
Redlining: A lending practice by banks. Maps were created by the Federal Housing Administration that deemed certain, primarily African-American neighborhoods as in decline, and the FHA would not back loans in those neighborhoods. Banks used the maps to draw lines around neighborhoods where they would not make loans. This led to deterioration and low home values and rents in those neighborhoods.
Restrictive Covenants: legal agreements built into property deeds that prohibited sellers from selling their houses to African-Americans or other non-caucasians. Click for more.
Self-determination:  Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves. Relates to nation-state concept and rise of nation-states. Woodrow Wilson made this one of his 13 points which were ideas about how the world should be reorganized politically following World War I.
Sharecropper:  A person who works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays loans by turning over to the landowner a share of the crops.  Many African-American former slaves had this occupation until technology reduced the need for large numbers of farmers.
Social Distance:  the extent to which people are willing to interact and establish relationships with racial or ethnic groups other than their own.
Succession: process by which new immigrants to a city move to and dominate or take over areas or neighborhoods occupied by older immigrant groups. (Invasion & Succession)
Symbolic landscape:  the signs and images found in the landscape used to convey meaning and messages.  These can include statues and public monuments or street signs.  Many reflect regional cultures and give people a sense of place ("Genius of Water" in Fountain Square or our riverboat imagery on the riverfront and in the Reds stadium).  

What are centrifugal and centripetal forces and how do they impact states?

What are centripetal and centrifugal forces in regards to countries?

How is religion a centripetal factor in the world today?

What are some examples of centrifugal and centripetal cultural force where you live?