The vaccines that are recommended for routine immunization by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in all children from birth through age 6 years are discussed below. [1] For more detailed information, including exceptions and other considerations, see the CDC’s full vaccines and immunizations guidelines. Show The vaccines listed below are administered via intramuscular (IM) injection unless otherwise stated. IM administration in the anterolateral thigh muscle is preferred in neonates, infants, and small children. IM administer in the deltoid muscle is preferred in young children (eg, aged 4-6 years) who are of normal weight. Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB)
Rotavirus vaccine (RV)
Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP)
Haemophilus influenza type b vaccine (Hib)
Pneumococcal vaccine 13-valent (PCV13)
In 2015, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices provided recommendations on the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), summarized as follows: [3]
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV)
Influenza vaccines
ACIP recommends return of intranasal flu vaccine in the United States for the 2018-2019 season
Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR)
Varicella virus vaccine
Hepatitis A vaccine (HepA)
The following clinical practice guidelines were released in 2015 by Help Eliminate Pain in Kids: [8]
What age can you give a deltoid injection?The deltoid muscle is preferred for children aged 3-10 years (23); the needle length for deltoid site injections can range from ⅝ to 1 inch on the basis of technique.
What is the preferred site for an IM injection on an infant or child?The anterolateral thigh is the preferred site for IM injection in infants under 12 months of age. Medications are injected into the bulkiest part of the vastus lateralis thigh muscle, which is the junction of the upper and middle thirds of this muscle.
Which site is most appropriate when giving an intramuscular IM injection to an older child?A ventrogluteal site is the most commonly used and recommended site for IM injections in adults and children of walking age because of the large muscle mass. This site is located away from the superior and inferior gluteal arteries as well as the sciatic and superior gluteal nerves,9 and is also the least painful.
Which muscle is used for the IM injection in infants and children younger than 3 years?IM administration in the anterolateral thigh muscle is preferred in neonates, infants, and small children. IM administer in the deltoid muscle is preferred in young children (eg, aged 4-6 years) who are of normal weight.
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