Can increase to 50 or 100 mg PO q8hr at 4- to 8-wk intervals based on 1 hour postprandial glucose or glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and on tolerance Show
Maximum Dose<60 kg: 50 mg q8hr >60 kg: 100 mg q8hr Other Indications & UsesType 2 DM, mono treatment or with sulfonylurea Safety & efficacy not established Next: InteractionsInteraction CheckerEnter a drug nameand acarbose No Results
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Previous Next: Adverse Effects>10%abdominal pain (19%) diarrhea (31%) elevated serum transaminases flatulence (74%) Postmarketing ReportsGastrointestinal: Fulminant hepatitis with fatal outcome, ileus/subileus, jaundice and/or hepatitis and associated liver damage Hypersensitive skin reactions: rash, erythema, exanthema and urticaria Edema Thrombocytopenia Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis Previous Next: WarningsContraindicationsDocumented hypersensitivity to acarbose Diabetic ketoacidosis, cirrhosis, inflammatory bowel disease, colonic ulceration, partial intestinal obstruction or predisposed to intestinal obstruction, known marked absorptive impairment of GI Conditions that may deteriorate as result of increased gas formation in GI tract CautionsNo clinical studies exist establishing conclusive evidence of macrovascular risk reduction with acarbose or any other anti-diabetic drug When diabetic patients are exposed to stress such as fever, trauma, infection, or surgery, a temporary loss of control of blood glucose may occur; at such times, temporary insulin therapy may be necessary Monitoring glycemic control with 1,5-AG assay is not recommended; measurements of 1,5-AG are unreliable in assessing glycemic control in patients taking acarbose; use alternate methods to monitor for glycemic control Hypoglycemia
Elevated serum transaminase
Previous Next: Pregnancy & LactationPregnancy Category: B Lactation: not known if crosses into breast milk, avoid using in nursing women Pregnancy CategoriesA: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk. B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.NA: Information not available.Previous Next: PharmacologyHalf-Life: 2 hr Onset: 1 hr Peak Plasma Time: 1 hr Bioavailability: <2 % Metabolism: extensively degraded in the intestine by bacterial and digestive enzymes, glucose units are removed from acarbose molecule Metabolites: 4-methylpyrogallol derivatives (major inactive mets) and other inactive mets ExcretionUrine: 34 % as inactive metabolites Feces: 51% as unabsorbed drug Mechanism of ActionOral pancreatic alpha-amylase and intestinal brush border alph-glucosidases. This results in delayed hydrolysis of ingested complex carbohydrates and disaccharides and absorption of glucose. Inhibits metabolism of sucrose to glucose and fructose. Previous Next: ImagesBRANDFORM.UNIT PRICEPILL IMAGEPrecose oral - 100 mg tablet- 25 mg tablet- 50 mg tablet- 100 mg tablet- 50 mg tablet- - 25 mg tablet- 100 mg tablet- 50 mg tablet- 25 mg tablet- 50 mg tablet- 100 mg tablet- 100 mg tablet- 50 mg tablet- 25 mg tabletCopyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc. Previous Next: Patient HandoutA Patient Handout is not currently available for this monograph. Previous Next: FormularyFormularyPatient Discounts Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class. To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time. Create Your List of Plans Adding plans allows you to:
The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information. View explanations for tiers and restrictions TierDescription1This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.2This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.3This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.4This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.5This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.6This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.NCNOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.CodeDefinitionPAPrior Authorization Plans Select State: Done Non-Medicare Plans Medicare Plans Done CLOSE Additional Offers CLOSE Email to Patient From: To: The recipient will receive more details and instructions to access this offer. By clicking send, you acknowledge that you have permission to email the recipient with this information. CLOSE Email Forms to Patient From: To: The recipient will receive more details and instructions to access this offer. By clicking send, you acknowledge that you have permission to email the recipient with this information. Previous Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature. How can acarbose help manage type 2 diabetes?Acarbose lowers your blood sugar by preventing the breakdown of starch into sugar. It may be used alone or in combination with another type of oral diabetes medicine called a sulfonylurea. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.
When giving oral acarbose glucobay for type 2 diabetes the nurse should administer it at which time?It is usually taken three times a day. It is very important to take each dose with the first bite of each main meal.
What are the side effects of acarbose?Common side effects may include:. stomach discomfort, gas, bloating;. mild diarrhea; or.. mild skin rash or itching.. Does acarbose decrease glucose production?Moreover, acarbose was shown to reduce fasting blood glucose by 1.09 mmol/L (28 comparisons; 95% CI 0.83 to 1.36) and 1 h postprandial glucose by 2.32 mmol/L (acarbose; 22 comparisons; 95% CI 1.92 to 2.73).
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A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acarbose to treat type 2 diabetes
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