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Terms in this set (11)
To control for the effects of body size when making comparisonsgoo
Why did you need to calculate relative hindlimb length rather than absolute hindlimb length?
Anole species living high in the canopy have larger toepads and can cling to smooth leaves better than species found on tree trunks and on the ground
Species that belong to the same ecomorph group are similar in appearance and occupy similar habitats. This suggests that species living in similar habitats evolved similar traits—in other words, the traits are adaptations. Which of the following observations supports this conclusion?
To minimize competition for food and other resources between different species
Based on what Dr. Jonathan Losos said, why have different lizard species evolved to occupy different parts of the habitats?
Ecomorphs
The islands of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico have different species of anoles, but most species belong to certain ecomorphs, such as trunk-crown, trunk-ground, grass-bush, and twig anoles. Note that there are actually five different ecomorphs on Puerto Rico and six on Hispaniola
On Puerto Rico and Hispaniola, you find the same:
Both islands have similar habitats
These ecomorphs are adapted to different habitats. For example, the trunk-ground anoles have long legs, which are well adapted to running on the ground. The fact that the same ecomorphs evolved on Puerto Rico and Hispaniola suggests that these islands have similar habitats.
Based on what you have learned so far, what is the most likely explanation for why the same ecomorphs evolved on both Puerto Rico and Hispaniola?
True
According to the phylogenetic tree in this virtual lab, all anole lizards (genus Anolis) are more closely related to one another than they are to Leiocephalus carinatus.
false
Anolis cristatellus is more closely related to Anolis occultus than it is to Anolis evermanni.
The same types of anole lizards evolved independently on each of the islands
The tree is more consistent with which of the following hypotheses
The anole species on Puerto Rico and Hispanola
evolved from a common accesstor
All the Anolis species are more related to one another than they are to L. carinatus, which belongs to a different genus of lizards. The tree shows that all eight anole species share a common ancestor. By analyzing the DNA of over 100 anoles from Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Jamaica, and Cuba, researchers have determined that they all trace their ancestry to a single species that colonized the Caribbean from the mainland over 20 million years ago.
Which of the following statements is supported by the evidence from the tree?
Similar adaptations evolved on different islands
The evidence clearly shows that evolution can repeat itself; lizards that occupy similar habitats will evolve the same types of adaptations. For example, on all of the islands, lizards living in the grass and bushes have evolved slender bodies and long tails. The long tails help the lizards balance on thin, narrow surfaces.
Which of the following statements is supported by the evidence from the tree?
convergent evolution
The evolution of the anole lizards in the Caribbean is an example of convergent evolution; in other words, groups of lizards independently evolved similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.
According to Dr. Losos, the independent evolution of similar species on the different islands is an example of which of the following processes?
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