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Which of the following is in the best order regarding the age of first appearance of pubertal events for a typical boy?
a. Growth of testes, spermarche, initiation of growth spurt.
b. Initiation of growth spurt, growth of testes, spermarche.
c. Growth of testes, initiation of growth spurt, spermarche.
d. Growth of penis, growth of testes, spermarche.
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Terms in this set (60)
Which statement most accurately represents expectations for males and females across cultures?
All cultures have different expectations for males and females, but the degree of the differences varies greatly across cultures.
Which scenario best summarizes the ambiguity felt by emerging adults?
Mallory feels in-between - not quite adolescent, not quite adult.
The Children's Crusade in the Middle Ages was composed mostly of
young people in their teens.
"Kids on the streets of Tokyo have more in common with kids on the streets of London than they do with their parents." Sumner Redstone's statement best reflects the belief that
the lives of adolescents are being affected by globalization.
When asked about his hopes and expectations for the future, Steve, a 22-year-old American man, would MOST likely agree with the statement
"I am very sure that someday I will get to where I want in life."
Helen is 10 years old. According to the modern conception of adolescence, Helen would be considered
an early adolescent.
While experimentation and exploration characterize the age period between 18-25, one must caution that
not all young adults experiment and explore.
The view that marriage is the key transition to adulthood is characteristic of
cultures that value interdependence more than independence.
Social control institutions such as the YMCA "sprung up" in the 1800s as a response to
increased rates of social problems among young people.
Suppose you are a 9-year-old boy under Plato's tutelage. What would you most likely be studying?
Sports and music
For emerging adults, the age of identity explorations is best described by what following scenario?
Tony is exploring love and work choices as he decides what he wants to do.
Nineteen-year-old William believes that he "became an adult" when he got a job, moved out of his parents' house, and became responsible for "paying his way" and making his own life decisions. William's definition of adulthood best reflects the
individualistic values of the American majority culture.
In the majority of Western cultures today, many men and women make the same career choices and wear similar fashions. This is evidence that
differences in gender expectations for males and females are somewhat blurred.
Adolescence is generally viewed as beginning with the
first signs of pubertal changes.
When conducting survey research, why would one need to make sure the sample is "stratified"?
To fairly represent the population of interest
Jason is a well-adjusted, happy adolescent. According to Anna Freud, Jason has
built up excessive defenses against his own drives and desires.
Corbin is a secretary at a law firm. His career choice best reflects
a departure from gender-specific expectations in the West.
Emerging adulthood is a phenomenon that exists mainly in
industrialized countries.
According to anthropological research, in most traditional, non-Western cultures, a person attains adult status with
marriage.
Learning to stand alone as a self-sufficient person without relying on anyone else is considered
individualism.
What causes the hypothalamus to increase GnRH production?
Hitting a threshold level of body fat
Which statement best represents how culture influences girls' responses to menarche?
Knowledge and expectations impact girls' experiences of menarche.
Which of the following characterizes parent-adolescent relationships in American majority culture?
Adolescents of both sexes tend to be closer to their mothers than to their fathers.
Tanner and his colleagues recently (1990) researched pubertal development in other countries. An important finding was that the timing and rate of pubertal development
varies with levels of nutrition and medical care.
Menarche refers to
a female's first menstrual period.
The decline in frequency of puberty rituals in traditional cultures is most likely associated with
globalization.
The view that both biology and environment play an important role in human development is consistent with the theory of
genotype-environment interactions.
Age-grading in schools contributes to
social comparison of physical maturity.
Which of the following does NOT belong to the category of secondary sex characteristics?
Sperm and egg production
Much of our information about pubertal development comes from J. M. Tanner's research. Which of the following most accurately represents this research? The research was conducted
in the 1960s and 1970s on British adolescents in foster homes.
Which of the following best illustrates the concept of asynchronicity?
Some body parts grow faster than others during puberty.
Which of the following best defines reaction range?
Genetically determined range of potential
Abelard is thirteen years old. He spends more time during the day with his mother than with his father. His relationship with his mother is stronger and he feels more close to her than his father. According to research, Abelard is
typical - most adolescents are closer to their mothers than fathers.
One caution in interpreting the research on early and late maturation is that
effects for individuals depend on their particular abilities, experiences, and situations.
Evidence for the influence of technologies on pubertal development is based on data gathered regarding the age when what event occurs?
Menarche
According to your text, traditional male puberty rituals, such as scarring and bloodletting, operate as a metaphor for
the hardships and challenges of adult life.
Which of the following best represents the occurrence of the adolescent growth spurt? The growth spurt begins
at about age 11 for girls and 13 for boys.
Which of the following is a valid criticism of the "distancing hypothesis"?
Distancing does not occur in all cultures.
Which of the following contributed most to the secrecy surrounding menstruation in 19 th century middle class America?
People associated menstruation with sexuality and tried to preserve girls' "innocence."
Which of the following is NOT associated with primary sex characteristics? Development of the
breasts.
Imagine you wrote a brilliant paper that discussed the "individual differences in formal operations." Your view would be contrary to
Jean Piaget.
A recent study completed by Peng and Nisbett (1999) which focused on dialectical thinking found that what culture tended to promote this type of thinking more than others?
Chinese
What do information processing and the componential approach have in common?
They both break down the thinking process into separate parts.
One of the limitations of Piagetian theory is the
neglect of the cultural basis of cognitive development.
What does guidance refer to in Rogoff's concept of guided participation?
The direction offered by cultural and social values as well as social partners
The personal fable is built upon what concept?
Imaginary audience
According to the text, one positive benefit of Inuit children attending school has been to
allow a greater range of opportunities.
Tony is a 12 th-grade boy who is having trouble learning about anatomy. Seeing this, Tony's teacher has asked Gladys, a bright classmate of Tony's, to help him understand the concepts he's having trouble with. Deciding to have Gladys help Tony learn anatomy, the teacher is helping Tony work within his
zone of proximal development.
The advantage of mnemonic devices is that they
make remembering more effective.
Mrs. Nichol is trying to explain to her son that everyone has bad hair days and it's not the end of the world. Little Jack refuses to leave the house because he knows the humiliation he will endure will go on for months. This shows an example of
imaginary audience.
The term 'adolescent egocentrism' refers to an adolescents' beliefs that
everyone is watching and judging them.
Suppose you were a participant in a study on information processing. Your thought processes would be likened to the
functions of a computer.
During the 18th and 19th centuries, girls were most likely to
receive basic education.
As automaticity decreases, what increases?
Conscious effort
Paul loves bikes. He is constantly in his garage fixing bikes and on the mountain trails riding them. When faced with bike problems, Paul will most likely apply
formal operational reasoning.
In order for scaffolding to be successful, what does the teacher need to be aware of?
When the student becomes competent at the task he/she is performing
If Dr. Phil was a Piagetian psychologist, he would most likely believe what statement?
Everyone attains the same cognitive stages at about the same ages.
One of the major limitations of the information-processing approach to explaining cognitive development is
reductionism.
Piaget proposed that the active construction of reality takes place through the use of schemes. Schemes are
mental structures for organizing and interpreting information.
What scenario best describes Piaget's concept of assimilation?
An infant who knows how to breast feed does not find it difficult to feed from a bottle.
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