positive and negative nominations from their peers.Neglected childrenare infrequently nominated as abest friend but are not disliked by their peers.Rejected childrenare infrequently nominated assomeone’s best friend and are actively disliked by theirpeers.Controversial childrenare frequently nominated bothas someone’s best friend and as being disliked.
Peer StatusesFrequentlynominated as bestfriendInfrequentlynominated as bestfriendRarelydisliked bypeersPopularNeglectedActivelydisliked bypeersControversialRejected
Social CognitionChildren acquire more social knowledge asthey become adolescentsA lot of individual variationAdolescents who lack appropriate socialcognitive skills may have difficulties with peerrelationships.Social information processing and peerrelationships.Dodge (2011) suggestsadolescents go through five steps inprocessing information from social world:???
EmotionEmotion also plays a role in peer relationsMoody, emotionally negative adolescentsexperience more peer rejectionEmotionally positive adolescents tend to bemore popular
Strategies for Improving Social SkillsConglomerate strategies, also referred to as coaching, involvethe use of a combination of techniques, rather than a singleapproach, to improve adolescents’ social skills.
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Professor
AlbertaLDeCapito
Tags
Interpersonal relationship, Peer group
individuals of about the same age or maturity level
children who are frequently nominated as a best friend and are rarely disliked by their peers
children who receive an average number of both positive and negative nominations from their peers
children who are infrequently nominated as a best friend but are not disliked by their peers
children who are infrequently nominated as a best friend and are actively disliked by their peers
children who are frequently nominated both as someone's best friend and as being disliked
small groups that range from 2 to 12 individuals and average about 5 to 6 individuals; members usually are of the same age and same sex and often engage in similar activities, such as belonging to a club or participating in a sport
peer groups that are larger and less personal than cliques; members may or may not spend much time together. Many crowds can be defined by their members' activities for example jocks, populars, and druggies.
self-disclosure and the sharing of private thoughts
a pleasurable activity that is engaged in for its own sake
therapy that lets children work off frustrations while therapists analyze their conflicts and coping methods
behavior by infants to derive pleasure from exercising their sensorimotor schemes
play that involves repetition of behavior when new skills are being learned or wen mastery and coordination of skills are required for games and sports
play that occurs when a child transforms the physical environment into a symbol
play that involves interaction with peers
combines sensorimotor/practice play with symbolic representation
activities that are engaged in for pleasure and include rules
the pleasant times when individuals are free to pursue activities and interests of their own choosing
the behavior, patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group of people that are passed on from generation to generation
compares aspects of two or more cultures; comparison provides information about the degree to which development is similar, or universal, across the cultures, or is instead culture-specific
the tendency to consider one's own group superior to other groups
giving priority to personal goals rather than to group goals; emphasizing values that serve the self, such as feeling good, personal distinction and achievement, and independence
emphasizing values that serve the group by subordinating personal goals to preserve group integrity, interdependence of members, and harmonious relationships
socioeconomic status (SES)
grouping of people with similar occupational, educational, and economic characteristics
far more women than men live in poverty; likely causes include women's low income, higher divorce rates, infrequent awarding of alimony, and poorly enforced child support from fathers