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Electronic commerce, commonly written as e-commerce or eCommerce, is the trading or facilitation of trading in products or services using computer networks, such as the Internet or online social networks. Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management,Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web for at least one part of the transaction's life cycle although it may also use other technologies such as e-mail.
E-commerce businesses may employ some or all of the following:
Online shopping web sites for retail sales direct to consumers
Providing or participating in online marketplaces, which process third-party business-to-consumer or consumer-to-consumer
sales
Business-to-business buying and selling
Gathering and using demographic data through web contacts and social media
Business-to-business electronic data interchange
Marketing to prospective and established customers by e-mail or fax (for example, with newsletters)
Engaging in pretail for launching new products and services
Online financial exchanges for currency exchanges or trading purposes
Contemporary electronic commerce involves everything from ordering "digital"
content for immediate online consumption, to ordering conventional goods and services, to "meta" services to facilitate other types of electronic commerce.
On the institutional level, big corporations and financial institutions use the internet to exchange financial data to facilitate domestic and international business. Data integrity and security are pressing issues for electronic commerce.
Aside from traditional e-Commerce, the terms m-Commerce (mobile commerce) as well (around 2013)
t-Commerce[42] have also been used
Advertising is one of the most important decisions a marketer makes and media purchasing is the most expensive of all advertising spending. Ensuring that media is bought effectively and not directed toward the "wrong people" has always been a challenge for marketers. Traditionally, the goal in media planning was to minimize wasted advertising, which was achieved by reducing the quantity of advertising sent to consumers
who are unlikely to purchase or have an interest in their product and who are not active in the category. This is the reason target advertising came to be. Targeted advertising is a form of advertising that focuses on certain traits of the consumer, these traits are based on the product or person the advertiser is promoting. They are located in areas where consumers with those traits are likely to come upon. These traits can either be demographic which are focused on race, economic status, sex,
age, level of education, income level and employment or they can be psychographic focused which are based on the consumer's values, personality, attitudes, opinions, lifestyles and interests .They can also be behavioral variables, such as browser history, purchase history, and other recent activity. Targeted advertising has proven to be beneficial for the advertiser as it is cost efficient because it is focused on certain traits and the consumers who are likely to have a strong preference will
receive the message instead of those who have no interest and whose preferences do not match a product's attribute this eliminates wastage.
For each advertisement that appears online, a machine records the precise moment you click, roll over, or scroll past it. This ad tracking practice has its roots in age-old market research methodologies designed to determine the effectiveness of advertising, but it is much more fine-grained online.
Most Internet ad tracking is accomplished by way of
third-party cookies: small files stored in your Web browser that identify you and record information about your online behavior. Cookies can come from online advertisements, embedded graphics, or directly from the sites you visit.
It's important to note that cookies are not inherently good or bad. Without cookies, most popular websites, including Amazon, Facebook, eBay and others, are rendered nearly inaccessible. Your cookies store important configuration information that allow these
services to provide you with a personalized experience.
Other cookies, however, are primarily designed to assist advertisers. They relay information to online data collectors, such as Google's DoubleClick, which then develop performance metrics and profiles of your online behavior for advertising purposes.
Is the process of getting work or funding, usually online, from a crowd of people. The word is a combination of the words 'crowd' and 'outsourcing'. The
idea is to take work and outsource it to a crowd of workers. Famous Example: Wikipedia.
Obtain (information or input into a particular task or project) by enlisting the services of a number of people, either paid or unpaid, typically via the Internet.
Three qualities make Web 2.0 resemble the Internet in the 1990s: it is over-hyped, it is poorly understood and it is - without doubt - revolutionising business.
The technical definition of the term Web 2.0 emerged from publisher Tim
O'Reilly in 2004: "The business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the Internet as platform." But with the phrase 'cloud computing' having since emerged as the preferred buzzword denoting the use of the Internet as a computing platform, Web 2.0 is now more often used to describe a new generation of web-based services that allow people to interact, collaborate and share information.
Put simply, Web 2.0 replaces the view of a website as analogous to a publication, wherein
a trusted source provides information to be consumed by the user, with one that sees websites as tools for structured interaction between people. 'Social media' is a common, perhaps more meaningful, alternative term.