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Terms in this set (43)
d
According to strain theorists, what leads to deviant behavior?
a) biological drives
b) ineffective social controls
c) association with people who deviate from social norms
d) lack of access to cultural goals and
institutional means to achieve the goals
True
According to text, crime refers to behavior that violates criminal law and is punishable by fines, jail and other negative sanctions. (True/False)
a
According to Merton, ___________ occurs when people accept the culturally approved goals and pursue them through the approved institutional means.
a) conformity
b) innovation
c) rejection
d) rebellion
a
Circumstances that provide access to desired goals through illegal behaviors and subculture are referred to as:
a) illegitimate opportunity structures
b) deviant channels
c) illicit techniques
d) none of the above
c
____________ theory holds that the probability of deviance increases when a person's ties to society are weakened/broken.
a) Conflict/illegitimate
b) Differential association
c) Social bond/control
d) Labeling
True
Conflict crimes are those for which laws prohibit an action but for which there is not a strong consensus. (True/False)
b
_____________ deviance is the initial act of rule-breaking.
a) Career
b) Primary
c) Secondary
d) Tertiary
c
"JoeChemo" represents the _______________ of deviance.
a) structural function
b) illegitimate opportunity
c) relative nature
d) social bond
False
Almost 50% of all prisoners are there for violent offenses. (True/False)
b
According to conflict theory, _________ are those who have been marginalized (top tier) versus __________ those of stigmatized groups (welfare recipients).
a) social class, social dynamite
b) social dynamite, social junk
c) socialists, capitalists
d) none of the above
b
Mary downloaded some music from a site on the Internet and didn't pay for it, and thought her actions weren't illegal since many friends of hers had done the same. This is an example of:
a) Non-deviant customer
b) Deviant consumer
c) Non-deviant consumer
d) Rebellionist
d
____________ was one of the creators of the structional/functionalist theory perspective.
a) Marx
b) Weber
c) Becker
d) Durkheim
c
John is a drug dealer who wants to make quick money. According to strain theory this is an example of:
a) Rebellionist
b) Conformist
c) Innovator
d) Retreatist
a
Since the 1970s the prison population has exploded. One reason for this is the
a) rise of for profit prisons
b) rise in crime rates among people of
color
c) rise in crime rates among whites
d) none of the above
False
According to the film, in 1964 approximately 2/3 of prisoners were non-white and today, 2/3 of the prison population are white. (True/False)
c
One of the characteristics of a psychopath is the inability to feel guilt for wrong actions. This characteristics was identified as applicable to _______________.
a) violent crimes
b) property crimes
c) corporation
d) higher education
d
The example used in class of the sentencing disparity between crack and cocaine users is best explained by ____________ theory.
a) labeling
b) structural strain
c) differential association
d) conflict
a
According to lecture, one reason for corporate crime today is that those in power, such as corporations are _________ pragmatists.
a) immoral
b) deceptive
c) amoral
d) both a and b
a
In the case of KBR, _________ was causing illness among U.S. military personnel from:
a) contaminated water
b) over the counter medication
c) food poisoning
d) none of the above
b
Joe wants to go out this weekend but he has no money. He thinks about stealing money from a co-worker but he doesn't, as he is aware this is morally wrong. This is an example of which theory as it relates to deviance?
a) Strain theory
b) Social control theory
c) Labeling theory
d) Primary deviance theory
a
Conflict-critical theorists point out that often times the elite, when it comes to deviant criminal behavior:
a) Have a great ability to commit deviant acts and escape penalties
b) Often receive harsher punishment than the masses
c) Have to pay steeper fines in the court system
d) Have negative stigmas that they are unable to resolve
c
A researcher who is studying organized crime and is utilizing the interactionist perspective would focus on:
a) Large scale societal institutions
b) Conflict that exists between the elite and the masses
c) How a person chooses to be a part of organized crime because it provides protection
d) The purposes of organized crime in various societies
c
John is at a party and drinks excessively for the first time. This is an example of:
a) Secondary deviance
b) Tertiary
deviance
c) Primary deviance
d) Solitary deviance
b
When a person has internalized a deviant label that is placed on them that is referred to as:
a) Primary deviance
b) Secondary deviance
c) Entrenched deviance
d) Tertiary deviance
a
The elephant man is an example of someone who had a _____________ placed on him by others who defined him as deviant due to his appearance.
a) Stigma
b) Flaw
c) Blemish
d) Mark
c
John is a gay male who chooses not to share his sexual orientation with his co-workers, who have voiced their bias against homos. He is someone, in his opinion, who has a ____________.
a) Discredited stigma
b) Discontented stigma
c) Discreditable stigma
d) Disproportionate
stigma
b
There are some people who want the Constitution to state that marriage should only be between a husband and a wife, thus having same sex marriage be defined as a deviant act. These people are examples of:
a) Immoral entrepreneurs
b) Moral entrepreneurs
c) Virtuous entrepreneurs
d) Honorable entrepreneurs
d
A _________________ is a widespread, but disproportionate reaction, to the deviance in question.
a) Understandable panic
b) Hasty panic
c) Immoral panic
d) Moral panic
b
A ______________ studies all aspects of crime.
a) Sociologist
b) Criminologist
c) Psychologist
d) Anthropologist
b
According to lecture, ______________ is what occurs when companies take advantage of low-income minority communities and build large scale dump sites.
a) corporate racism
b) environmental racism
c) institutional racism
d) none of the above
kbr
A spinoff by Halliburton in 2007 as a separate corporation, has previously been accused of provided contaminated water to troops in Iraq, taking kickbacks, and sending workers to Iraq against their will.
pacific gyre
The world's biggest landfill in the pacific ocean. Filled with trash, millions of pounds of it, most of plastic.
75%
What is the % of waterborne diseases?
15
In the 1990's, a prison opened in rural America every ____ days?
Clinard and Yaeger
Studied corporate crime.
Reckless
American criminologist known for his containment theory of criminology, which stated that juvenile delinquency commonly arises from a breakdown in moral and social forces that otherwise "contain" deviant behaviour.
hirschi
American criminologist known for his social-control perspective on juvenile delinquency and his self-control perspective on crime. Hirschi received a Ph.D. in sociology and taught at several universities before joining the faculty of the University of Arizona.
merton
Coined the Strain Theory the relationship between cultural goals and legitimate, institutional means to achieve goals (conformist, innovator, ritualist, retreatist, rebel).
corporate crime
1. Against workers
2. Against Government
3. Against Environment
4. Against Consumers
external restraint theory
-Suicide/homicide are two sides of the same coin (both have aggression involved).
Intense
frustration + Weak ER= suicide
Intense frustration + Strong ER=murder
3 types of toxic terror
1. Sale of dangerous chemicals to under-developed and developed nations.
2. Export of hazardous waste (developing countries will accept waste or 3.00 a ton)
3. Constructing of polluting factories.
strain theory
Conformists +
+
Innovators + -
Ritualist - +
Retreatist - -
Rebel +/- +/-
cadillac of waste dumps
Emelie, Alabama
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