MGT502 Organizational Behavior Show Solved MCQs Dated: 30th June, 2010 http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info 1. The belief that "discrimination is wrong" is a value statement. Such an opinion is the _____ component of an attitude. cognitive affective reactive behavioral Ref: The belief that "discrimination is wrong" is an example of the cognitive component of an attitude. 2. Leon Festinger would propose that the desire to reduce dissonance would be determined by all of the following EXCEPT _____. the importance of the elements creating the dissonance. the degree of influence the individual believes he or she has over the elements. the rewards that may be involved in dissonance. the extent to which attitudes are widely held by society. Ref: According to Leon Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance, the desire to reduce dissonance would be determined by the importance of the elements creating the dissonance, the degree of influence the individual believes he or she has over the elements, and the rewards that may be involved in dissonance 3. If attitudes and behavior are inconsistent, individuals will most likely _____. change their behavior change their attitudes change either their attitudes or behavior do nothing http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info Ref: When experiencing cognitive dissonance, one can change the behavior, change the attitude, or decide that the behavior is not important after all. 4. _____ describes a positive feeling about your job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics. enlargement satisfaction engagement involvement Ref: Job satisfaction describes a positive feeling about your job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics. 5. Job _____ measures the degree to which a person identifies psychologically with his or her job and considers his or her perceived performance level important to self-worth. commitment satisfaction involvement organization Ref: Job involvement measures the degree to which a person identifies psychologically with his or her job and considers his or her perceived performance level important to self-worth. Employees with a high level of job involvement strongly identify with and really care about the kind of work that they do. http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info 6. _____ commitment refers to an employee's obligation to remain with an organization for moral or ethical reasons. Affective Continuance Theoretical Normative Ref: Normative commitment refers to an employee's obligation to remain with an organization for moral or ethical reasons. For example, an employee who is spearheading a new initiative might remain with an employer because he feels it would negatively impact his employer if he left. 7. _____ refers to an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work she does. Employee engagement Normative commitment Cognitive support Job enrichment Ref: Employee engagement refers to an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work she does. A recent study of nearly 8,000 business units in 36 companies found that business units whose employees had high-average levels of engagement had higher levels of customer satisfaction, were more productive, had higher profits, and had lower levels of turnover and accidents. 8. People with positive _____ believe in their inner worth and basic competence. Locus of control Self-monitoring behavior Core self-evaluations Levels of enrichment Ref: People with positive core self-evaluations believe in their inner worth and basic competence. They are more satisfied with their jobs than those with negative core self-evaluations. 9. Quietly continuing to do your work, even though you're dissatisfied, is an example of _____ response to dissatisfaction. exit voice loyalty neglect Ref: Loyalty is passively but optimistically waiting for conditions to improve, including speaking up for the organization in the face of external criticism and trusting the organization and its management to "do the right thing". http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info 10. Steve is unhappy with his job. He takes every possible vacation and sick day and sometimes shows up for work late. He is expressing his dissatisfaction with a _____ response. exit voice loyalty neglect Ref: Neglect is passively allowing conditions to worsen, including chronic absenteeism or lateness, reduced effort, and increased error rate. 11. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of physical ability? Stamina Strength Looks Dexterity Ref: Nine basic physical abilities are dynamic strength, trunk strength, static strength, explosive strength, extent flexibility, dynamic flexibility, body coordination, balance, and stamina. 12. The relationship between _____ and job performance is likely to be an issue of growing importance during the next decade. gender marital status age tenure Ref: The relationship between age and job performance is likely to be an issue of increasing importance during the next decade. Workers 55 and older are currently the fastest-growing sector of the labor force. In addition, federal legislation has outlawed mandatory retirement at the age of 70. http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info 13. According to your text, which is the most likely explanation for the higher absentee rate for women? Women tend to have more illnesses that keep them from work than do men. Traditionally, women have had the responsibility of caring for home and family. Women tend to be less satisfied with their jobs than men and are consequently absent more often. Women generally have jobs for which a temporary replacement can be hired so absences are more permissible. Ref: Most research on women's absenteeism rates has been conducted in North America and North American culture has historically placed home responsibilities with women. Traditionally, women have had the responsibility of caring for home and family. 14. _____ is the learning concept of reinforcing closer and closer approximations to the desired new behavior. Modeling Shaping Classical conditioning Social learning Ref: We shape behavior by systematically reinforcing each successive step that moves the individual closer to the desired response. http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info 15. An example of _____ is when an employee receives a one-week suspension from work and is fined $200 for stealing company property. penalization punishment extinction negative reinforcement Ref: Punishment is causing an unpleasant condition in an attempt to eliminate an undesirable behavior. 16. Eliminating any reinforcement that is maintaining an unwanted behavior is called _____. extinction punishment negative reinforcement positive reinforcement Ref: Eliminating any reinforcement that is maintaining a behavior is called extinction. When a behavior is not reinforced, it tends to gradually be extinguished. http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info 17. All of the following are TRUE about both positive and negative reinforcement EXCEPT: Both positive and negative reinforcement result in learning. Both positive and negative reinforcement strengthen a response. Both positive and negative reinforcement tend to weaken behavior and decrease it subsequent frequency. Both positive and negative reinforcement increase the probability of repetition. Ref: Positive and negative reinforcement result in learning, strengthening a response and increasing the probability of repetition, while punishment and extinction weaken behavior and tend to decrease its subsequent frequency. 18. A slot machine is an example of _____ reinforcement. negative intermittent continuous fixed-ratio Ref: In an intermittent schedule, not every instance of the desirable behavior is reinforced, but reinforcement is given often enough to make the behavior worth repeating. Evidence indicates that the intermittent, or varied, form of reinforcement tends to promote more resistance to extinction than does the continuous form. http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info 19. For a salesperson who is paid commission, reinforcement occurs on a _____ schedule. variable-ratio variable-interval fixed-interval fixed-ratio Ref: When the reward varies relative to the behavior of the individual, he or she is reinforced on a variable-ratio schedule. Salespeople on commission are examples of individuals on such a reinforcement schedule, as the reward is variable in relation to the number of successful calls the salesperson makes. 20. The application of reinforcement concepts to individuals in the work setting is referred to as _____. classical conditioning self-management reengineering behavior modification Ref: Behavior modification applies reinforcement concepts to individuals in organizations and has become more popularly called OB Mod. It represents the application of reinforcement concepts to individuals in the work setting. 21. The four management functions include all of the following EXCEPT _____. controlling planning staffing organizing Ref: Fayol's functions of management have been condensed down to four: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. 22. _____ studies behavior as it relates to concerns such as absenteeism, turnover, productivity, and performance. Psychology Kinetics Organizational behavior Ergonomics Ref: Organizational behavior is a field of study that applies knowledge about individuals, groups, and structure to make organizations work more effectively. 23. According to the text, the best approach for obtaining knowledge about human behavior is_____. using common sense an observational approach a theoretical approach a systematic approach Ref: You can improve your predictive ability by replacing your intuitive opinions with a more systematic approach. 24. What behavioral science discipline has made the MOST significant contributions to understanding individual behavior? Sociology Social psychology Psychology Anthropology Ref: Psychology is the science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals. Psychology's contributions have been mainly at the individual or micro level of analysis, while social psychology, sociology, anthropology, and political science have contributed to our understanding of macro concepts such as group processes and organization. http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info 25. _____ has helped us understand differences in fundamental values, attitudes, and behavior between people in different countries. Anthropology Psychology Social psychology Political science Ref: Anthropology is the study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities. Much of our understanding of organizational culture, organizational environments, and differences between national cultures is the result of the work of anthropologists or those using their methodologies. 26. _____ means that organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity. Globalization Workforce diversity Affirmative action Organizational culture Ref: workforce diversityaddresses differences among people within given countries. 27. The _____ assumption assumes that people who are different will want to assimilate. melting-pot workplace diversity amoeba homogenization Ref: The melting-pot assumption is being replaced by one that recognizes and values diversity. However, this is being replaced by a set of beliefs that recognize and value diversity. http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info 28. Which of the following groups will NOT increase as a percentage of the workforce? Hispanic men and women black women white males Asian men and women Ref: By 2050, Hispanics will grow from 11% of the workforce to 24%. The percentage of the workforce that is black will increase from 12 to 14 percent and the percentage that is Asian will increase from 5 to 11 percent. White males, who once dominated the workforce, will become a minority. 29. A(n) _____is a situation in which an employee must define right and wrong conduct. problem ethical dilemma argument principle Ref: An ethical dilemma is a situation in which an employee must define right and wrong conduct. While what constitutes ethical behavior has never been clearly defined, in recent years, the line differentiating right from wrong has become even more blurred. 30. Individual level independent variables include _____. technology organizational culture perception human resource policy Ref: An independent variable is the presumed cause of some change in the dependent variable. Perception, individual decision making, learning, and motivation are independent variables that have been shown to affect employee behavior. http://groups.google.com/group/vuZs www.vuzs.info What refers to an individual's involvement with satisfaction and enthusiasm for work?Employee engagement refers to the individual's involvement and satisfaction with as well as enthusiasm for work (Harter et al. 2002). Robbins & Judge (2013) defined employee engagement as an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with and enthusiasm for, the work he/she does.
What is also known as employee satisfaction?Employee satisfaction is a broad term used by the HR industry to describe how satisfied or content employees are with elements like their jobs, their employee experience, and the organizations they work for.
What is the action meaning of satisfaction with work?Last Updated: March 11, 2021. Job satisfaction is defined as the level of contentment employees feel with their job. This goes beyond their daily duties to cover satisfaction with team members/managers, satisfaction with organizational policies, and the impact of their job on employees' personal lives.
Is related to job involvement and enthusiasm for the work performed?Explanation: C) Employee engagement refers to an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work he or she does.
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What refers to an individuals involvement with satisfaction and enthusiasm for work?
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