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Terms in this set (55)
Zheng He
known for going on 7 voyages and connecting China with other Asian civilizations
big men
clan leaders in Australia
The four major Islamic civilizations
Ottoman, Safavid, Songhay, and Mughal
known as "second flowerings of Islam"
firestick farming
the act of deliberately setting fires to clear the land and making hunting and plant growth easier
Chinookan, Tulalip, Skagit
American hunter-gatherer societies
Yoruba
ethnic group of Nigera
oba
kings in Yorubaland
Benin
small, highly centralized territorial state near Yoruba
ruled by warrior king
Ewuare
warrior king of Benin who conquered 201 towns in the process of creating the new state
Igbo
people east of the Niger River
known as a stateless society
Rejected kingship and statehood
maize-and-bean-farming
farming techniques used by the Iroquois in which maize and bean were harvested
Onondaga, Seneca, Cayuga, Oneida, and Mohawk
bands of native people originating in the 1300s in America. Known for their frequent warfare
Great Law of Peace
a political innovation that was created by five Iroquois people to settle differences.
Iroquois League of Five Nations
tried to get rid of blood
feuds and tribal conflicts
based on Great Law of Peace
Timur
Turkic warrior who tried to restore the Mongol empire
Last great military success of nomadic people
Samarkand
a capital of Timur's state
Fulbe
African people who migrated east
from Senegal River
Lived in small communities among agricultural peoples and payed taxes
Ottoman Empire
Founded in 1299 CE by the Turks in Anatolia
Following the Byzantine
caliph
"successor to the prophet"
sultans
Ottoman leaders
Muslim
title meaning strength, authority, and leadership
Turkish terror
Europeans feared the Turks due to their rapid expansion
Safi-al-Din
founder of the Safavid empire
Safavid Empire
Followed Sasanid in Persia
Islam gained populatiry, in
particular Shi'ite
1501-1736
Janissaries
a member of the Turkish infantry forming the Sultan's guard between the 14th and 19th centuries.
Sunni Ali
founder of the Songhay empire
"Caliph of the Land of the Blacks"
Mughal Empire
Islamic Turk
empire in India
Governed non muslim population (Hindu)
1526-1857
Songhay empire
Islamic empire
Governed non Muslim population
1375-1591
Sufi
Islamic mystics
Aztec Empire
aka Mexica
In Mexico
Drew upon Toltecs and
Teotihuacan
1428-1521
Inca Empire
aka Andes people
in Peru/Chile (Andes mtns)
Drew upon Chavin, Moche, Nazca, and Chimu
Quechua speakers
1438-1533
Tenochtitlan
capital of Mexica
Triple Alliance
between Mexica and two nearby city
states
Strengthened military
Hernan Cortes
conquistador who defeated Aztecs
pochteca
professional Aztec merchants
Huitzilopochtli
patron deity in Aztec civilization
Tlacaelel
Aztec leader who is known for making human sacrifice so important in society
Nezahualcoyotl
poet and king
Florentine Codex
book that was complied by Spanish but illustrated by Aztec artists
Quechua
language spoken by Incas
quipu
record keeping system by tying knots
mita
labor system that included tributes
Used in Inca empire
Cuzco
capital of Inca
sapay
name for Incan ruler
Yap
Micronesian island that used canoes to travel and trade
"chosen women"
girls who were removed from homes at young age and trained in Incan civilization
Christopher Coumbus
Mariner who found America instead of Asia
seizure of Constantinople
1453
Last of the Crusades
Began Ottoman empire
Vasco de Gama
Portuugese explorer whose 1497-1498 voyage was the first European venture to teach India by circling tip of South Africa
Malacca
Muslim port city between Sumatra and
Malaysia
"springboard for spread of syncretic Islam"
Ming dynasty
succeed the Yuan dynasty
wanted to return to traditional Chinese ways and restoration
paleolithic persistence
continuance of gathering and hunting societies in substantial areas of the world
chanampas
floating islands in Aztec empire
European Renaissance
rebirth of classical learning
rediscovery of Greek learning
Developments in art and growing secularism
Humanism
Timbuktu
big muslim city in Africa
Yongle
commissioned the fleet to spread awareness of Chinese superiority.
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