The diagram below illustrates the influences on us that result in our behaviour and whether that resulting behaviour is ethical. The diagram first outlines the sources of our beliefs. It then shows the relationship between the beliefs and values to our attitudes and our resulting behaviour. What is a belief? A belief is an idea that a person holds as being true. A person can base a belief upon certainties (e.g. mathematical principles), probabilities or matters of faith. A belief can come from different sources, including:
A potential belief sits with the person until they accept it as truth, and adopt it as part of their individual belief system. Each person evaluates and seeks sound reasons or evidence for these potential beliefs in their own way. Once a person accepts a belief as a truth they are willing to defend, it can be said to form part of their belief system. What is a personal value?Values are stable long-lasting beliefs about what is important to a person. They become standards by which people order their lives and make their choices. A belief will develop into a value when the person’s commitment to it grows and they see it as being important. It is possible to categorise beliefs into different types of values – examples include values that relate to happiness, wealth, career success or family. A person must be able to articulate their values in order to make clear, rational, responsible and consistent decisions. What is an attitude?Attitudes are the mental dispositions people have towards others and the current circumstances before making decisions that result in behaviour. People primarily form their attitudes from underlying values and beliefs. However, factors which may not have been internalised as beliefs and values can still influence a person’s attitudes at the point of decision-making. Typical influences include the desire to please, political correctness, convenience, peer pressure, and psychological stressors. NoteThe potential for these influences to sway attitudes will be greater if the person has not clearly thought through their beliefs and values. This process includes considering the principles by which they might reconcile or prioritise competing values. A lack of self-awareness or critical insight, or the presence of ambivalence or uncertainty about values, can lead to a less rational attitude to choices, and ultimately to undesirable behaviour. Who is best classified as being in a state of emerging adulthood? Whitney who is 25 is best classified. Tonya considers herself more of an adolescent, not yet fully an adult. This qualifies her as being in a state known as Role transitions always include the acquisition of The criteria for reaching adulthood are referred to as Joseph suddenly finds himself newly married and out of school and a new job. Joseph is experiencing Which markers best describe the transition into adulthood in most Western societies? Markers that are loosely defined and consist of many numbers of events In most non-western developing cultures ____ is the most important characteristic and determinist of adult status. As a female growing up in a developing nation, a women's transition to adulthood is most likely to be based on her ability to A rite of passage is best classified as a The youngest age at which most college classify an individual as a returning adult student is Nicole is 18 years old and engages in many risky behaviors, For example she drives very fast and recklessly and does not use protection when having sex. Nicole is a typical adolescent these behaviors will ___ when she gets older. Research on Ericksons theory of identity intimacy produced which conclusion There are multiple pathways to achieving identity and intimacy. Find ones self to be ok with others. Who is least likely to be considered an adult in US? 16-year-old high school student is least likely to be considered an adult Which statement concerning second hand smoke is true? Second hand smoke can lead to disease and death Jimmy goes to a party with his College buddies and has six beers in a row. Jimmys behavior would be best classified as Who would we classify as a binge drinker? Susan who drank 4 beers in a row within the last two weeks Amanda is physically dependent on alcohol experiences withdraw symptoms when she doesn't drink. Amanda's experience with alcohol would best be described as Alcohol addiction results in Chemical changes that cause the body to Concerning treatment of alcohol abuse in young adults, The Long-term effect for most programs are Bernice is very interested in studying how the energy needs of the human body change through the life. In other words Bernice is interested in studying Tony and Tim have just gotten married. Which component is love is most likely to be stronger 20 years from now than it is today? The intimacy component of love is most similar to the __ feat of adult friendship? AcCording to the author of the prophet the two sides of love are The assortative mating theory proposes that initial Mate selection is based primarily on When Deciding on a potential mate Fletcher says I just need to find someone A lot like me. this statement fits very well with Assortative mating theory Two researchers found that ____tended to promote strong homogeny? Surveys indicate that nearly 1 in five couples in the United States ___ Physical attractiveness is important in love relationships for Arnold is a highly educated intelligent young man with a less than pleasing disposition. As such he is most likely to be viewed as An excellent potential mate in some cultures but not others In their cross culture study of mate selection Gus and colleagues found that the characteristics of chastity ___ showed the most variation as to whether it is important to make a selection. Who is most likely to have a positive internal working model of herself and a negative model of others? Carla who has a dismissing romantic attachment According to research cited in your text approximately 80% of marriages in India are ___ Research on biology of physical attraction suggest that neurochemicals are related to and amphetamine. Amphetamines ____ underline the feelings of exhilaration that often is experienced when you fall in love. When discussing his relationship with his wife, travis says I have a very strong sense of commitment and tranquility. Researchers have suggested that the neurophysiological basis for this feeling maybe due to Brain chemicals related to morphine In a relationship in which one individual becomes violent or aggressivetowards others. It is classified as an The defining believe among individuals experiencing battered woman syndrome is that they are Powerless to get away from the abuser In the United States cohabitation increased tenfold in the past 30 years. Who is most likely to make A commitment and to cohabit earlier? Ellen and Helen the lesbian couple In the book the prophet, it States that ____ is love made visible. The attitudes, behaviors, and values that we believe make us unique individuals are called our Marvin wants to learn more about identity formation in adolescence given this interest he would be best served by reading the words of According to Ericsson, the key adolescent crisis involves the Identity versus role confusion What do you want to be when you grow up? 10-year-old sanJay says "my dad says I should be a doctor so I guess that's what I'll be." According to Marsha, Sanjay is in a state of After exploring a number of career options Andrea chooses to become an accountant. According to Marsha what level of identity status is Andrea exibiting Which Individual is exhibiting a moratorium in the process of developing identity? The individual who is examining different alternatives but has not yet found one that is satisfactory Adolescent egocentrism is characterized by excessive The defining feature of personal fable is a feeling of Learning about ones culture and heritage sets the foundation for a persons ___ identity. The emphasis in the second phase of ethnic identity information is Which statement best exemplifies the second phase of ethnic identity and achievements? Creating a distinct ethnic self-concept 20-year-old Tallisburg immigrated to the United States from Scotland at age 12. What is his most likely ethnic identity? He continues to see himself as Scottish. What is the best description of the relationship between strength of ethnic identity and self-esteem? Positive correlation between them Which best summarizes the research findings of a developing self-esteem? Developmental changes in self-esteem vary by domains The drop in self-esteem often found when children first enter middle school appears to be due to When Molly hears that several people in her geology class says she's great It's likely to __ self esteem. Which statement concerning self-esteem is true? A harmonious child parent relationship tends to lead to higher levels of self-esteem in adolescence. Cross-cultural studies of adolescent self perception indicate that most teenagers feel As a typical American teen Ralph is most likely to describe his first sex partner as If Will is an average adult the main reason for him working is so that he can ____ According to liv weissmann, which is not one of the four common ???? The concept called meaning mission fit, can be defined as Alignment between an executives personal intention and his or her firms mission According to Holland, people choose occupations that ___ Fit with their personality Holland categorizes occupations using the dimensions of interpersonal setting and lifestyle People tend to like college courses and majors that When looking for a specific occupation like construction worker you would expect to find Virtually no difference between the personalities of females and males Vocational maturity is best associated with __ The amount of congruence between occupation behaviors and age Which developmental task would you most likely characterize Dave who is in his mid teens? Super, the theorist, would project at 23-year-old Sophie is most likely to be in The selection of specific occupations marks the beginning of Stabilization of occupational development Women who are mentored receive several benefits. Which benefit is most likely to hurt them Higher career expectations Because it is important to match perspective mentors and mentees effectively some organizationshave created learning experiences to mentees and on the job experiences Job satisfaction is defined as a Positive feeling resulting from praise at ones work A worker that is described as alienated is most likely to feel Which identity status occurs after an individual?20 Cards in this Set. When asked what do you want to be when you grow up 10 year old Sanjay says my dad says I should be a doctor so I guess that's what I'll be?When asked, "What do you want to be when you grow up?" ten-year-old Sanjay says, "My dad says I should be a doctor, so I guess that's what I'll be." According to Marcia, Sanjay is best thought of as being in a state of identity: foreclosure.
How is excessive adolescent egocentrism characterized?Adolescent egocentrism is characterized by the capacity to take account of other people's thoughts, as Elkind (1967, 1030) describes, 'It is this belief that others are preoccupied with his appearance and behavior that constitutes the egocentrism of the adolescent.
Which of the following is true in cross cultural studies of adolescent self image?Which of the following is true in cross-cultural studies of adolescent self-image? The majority of adolescents have a positive self-image. Which theorist was the first to understand the importance of identity in adolescent development?
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